Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results最新文献

{"title":"Recapitulating The Etiology And Pathophysiology Of Obesity Epidemic: A Comprehensive Guide To Associated Biomarkers And Pharmacotherapy","authors":"Kirti Goel, Randhir Singh, Vipin Saini, Seema Bansal","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2023.14.1s02.300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2023.14.1s02.300","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity or Adiposity is a worldwide common health problem that is related with an augmented risk of a number of medical conditions, morbidity and mortality. This mini review recapitulates the epidemiology, Etiology, associated comorbidities, biomarkers and available pharmacotherapy of obesity. The epidemiology of obesity is increasing in low-, middle- and high-income countries, with sociodemographic, behavioural, and genetic factors all playing a role. Comorbidities include hypertension, diabetes mellitus, stroke, coronary artery disease, and melanoma. Biomarkers associated with obesity include anthropometric markers, biochemical markers, hormonal markers, molecular biomarkers. Obesity related Oxidative stress is also discussed in this paper as per current findings from various clinical and preclinical data available up to January 2023.Treatment approaches range from lifestyle changes to pharmacotherapy and surgery. The available pharmacotherapy is either connected with precarious ill effects or overpriced, therefore, alternative therapies for obesity attenuation are required. Article under discussion provides an insight into oxidative stress attenuation, gene therapy via biomarkers regulation for combating obesity. Prevention strategies should include multidimensional approaches tailored to each nation","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44770024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation And Evaluation Of Berberine Hydrochloride Film Coated Tablet","authors":"Manju Koli, Lipi Nogai, Maulshree Bhandari, Riya Mishra, Rashmi Pathak, Himanshu Sharma","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2023.14.02.403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2023.14.02.403","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present study was to formulate and evaluate Berberine HCl Film coated tablet. Preformulation studies of API were done. The film coated tablets have advantages over conventional oral dosage forms, film coated tablet also influences the release of drug after compression. Film coating also help in making the tablet with good taste masking properties and excellent mechanical strength. It was revealed in the study that cellulosic coating materials were unable to resist the compression forces whereas hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose co-polymers resist the forces. Furthermore, aqueous dispersions of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose co-polymers showed high flexibility as that of cellulosic materials thereby providing resistance from destructive compressional forces. The Preformulation characteristics were done as per the Pharmacopeial specifications. The drugs and excipients compatibility studies were carried out by FT-IR spectroscopy. Various pre-compressional parameters like bulk density, tapped density, compressibility index and Hausner’s ratio and post-compressional parameters like weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability, disintegration time and drug release were studied. The spectra elucidate that there was no interaction between Drug and excipients. In order to achieve the best optimized product, five different formulations were developed using diluents, binder, glidant, lubricant, and different concentrations of super-disintegrant. The tablets were prepared by using wet granulation method. Optimization was done and it was found that release profile was found to be best with super-disintegrant that is Crospovidone and Enhance DT. Protectab HP-1 coating was done on Berberine HCl tablets. In-vitro release was carried out in medium 6.8 pH Phosphate buffer. The formulation F-5 was showed better drug release and selected as an optimized formulation.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42341343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colour Stability Of Bulk Fill Composites: A Systematic Review","authors":"Salim Algarni","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s02.256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s02.256","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The introduction of Bulk-Fill (BF) composite materials, among other new preparations, was one of the most recent innovations in operative dentistry. All bulk composites' colour stability is a source of concern. There has been a lot of research on the effects of different drinking solutions on the colour consistency of conventional resin-based composites, but little has been written about the colour changes of BF composite resins, which have been developed for the placement of somewhat thicker layers. \u0000Aim: Thus, the objective of this systematic review was to assess the colour consistency of various bulk-filled composites. \u0000Methods and Materials: A massive exploration of preexisting literature was done in order to locate all relevant research that addressed the sustainability of colour of BF composites under the effect of various. According to PRISMA standards, the current systematic evaluation was carried out. A thorough search for non-controversial existing literature on the websites like PubMed portal, MEDLINE portal, and Scopus portal was done in December 2022. There were no comparable articles in Cochrane online library. To make sure that all pertinent studies were found,  search keywords were applied. Furthermore, all appropriate scientific papers from Jan 2010 to December 2022 on the effect of various beverages, polishing techniques, storage media, and oral fluids, bleaching protocols on the colour longevity of bulk-filled composite samples were included. \u0000Results: 18 studies were evaluated in this systematic review. 9 studies focused on the effect of different drinks and beverages like tea, coffee, wine, and acidic beverages over the changes in the colour of bulk-filled composites. There were 4 studies that evaluated the impact of different polishing mechanisms. There were 2 researches that described the influence of different bleaching techniques over the change in colour of bulk-filled composites. One study discussed the effect of reinforcement of glass fibers and polythene fibers in bulk-filled composites, the presence of different dentin substitutes and water solubility and water sorption impact over the change in colour. The number of specimens evaluated ranged from n=20 to n=800 across all the included studies. There was the use of two to ten composite materials across all the included studies. \u0000Conclusion: When there was an analysis of the effect of different beverages and drinks over the changes in colour then there were mixed results. Some studies found that colour changes in bulk-filled composites are lesser than in customary composites. While some studies revealed that alteration in colour is greater in bulk-filled composites when compared to customary composites. Some studies found no significant difference in colour change in conventional composite and bulk-filled composite. The polishing operations can have a serious influence on the staining impedance of bulk-fill composite resins.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42759759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EMPOWERMENT OF IGBO WOMEN WITH REFERENCE TO BUCHI EMECHETA’S FICTION","authors":"R. SHILOH JEYA JEEVAN","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2023.14.03.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2023.14.03.170","url":null,"abstract":"Women all over the World are oppressed by the patriarchy centred cultural norms. Especially the miseries of black women are worse than that of all other women. As the feminists have failed to address the woes of the black women, womanists like Alice Walker supported for the liberation of the black women. Buchi Emecheta, as a black womanist writer highlights the blues and woes of the Nigerian women and also shows them the ways to prevail over their predicament.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41942353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“PHENOTYPIC EVALUATION OF ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF Candida albicans ISOLATED FROM DIFFERENT CLINICAL SAMPLES BY KIRBY-BAUER DISC DIFFUSION AND BROTH MICRODILUTION METHOD TO FLUCONAZOLE AND AMPHOTERICIN B”","authors":"Prema Nandini, R.Sujatha","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2023.14.02.337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2023.14.02.337","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Candidiasis is a major fungal infection where Candida albicans is the major cause of infections in humans.  Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogen under immune-compromised conditions and despite anti-fungal therapies, it has become lethal. Increase in the antimicrobial resistance in C. albicans is a matter of concern as it is in the human microbiome. \u0000Aim and Objective: To determine the antifungal susceptibility pattern of Candida albicans isolated from different clinical samples against Fluconazole and Amphotericin B by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and Broth microdilution method. \u0000Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study carried out in the Department of Microbiology at Rama Medical College Hospital and Research Centre Mandhana, Kanpur for a period of 1 year i.e, April 2018 to April 2019. A total of 70 isolates of Candida species from different clincal specimens like blood, BAL, urine, Pus, Et secreation and vaginal secreation were evaluated for its susceptibility against Fluconazole and Amphotericin B using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and Broth micro dilution method according to the CLSI guidelines 2018. \u0000Results: Out of 70 isolates of Candida species 29 (41.4%) isolates were confirmed to be C.albicans. The ratio of Males 18 (62%) was more as compared to that of the Females 11(37.9%) with the maximum age of 31-40 being affected the most followed by 41-50 and least in the age group above 61 years of age. The number of isolates was maximum in the urine sample.  A total of 12 (41.3%) samples of Candida were sensitive and 17 (58.6%) samples were resistant to Amphotericin B & 27(93%) samples of Candida were sensitive and 2(6.8%) samples were resistant to Fluconazole by Kirby bauer disc diffusion method. 28(96.5%) samples of Candida were sensitive and 1(3.4%) sample was resistant to Amphotericin B & 25 (86.2%) samples of Candida were sensitive and 4(13.7%) samples were resistant to Fluconazole by broth microdilution method. \u0000Conclusion: The Antifungal susceptibility testing by broth microdilution method revealed that fluconazole was exceedingly resistant against Candida albicans (13.7%) and increasingly susceptible to Amphotericin B (96.5%). Antifungal susceptibility testing may possibly be used to calculate the clinical response, to forecast malfunction in management. Therefore, Proper administration of antifungal drugs should be prioritized only with susceptibility result testing.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48502996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AN UPDATE ON RECENT ADVANCES IN NANOEMULSION BASED HYDROGELS: NANOEMULGELS","authors":"Lakshmi Usha, Ayalasomayajula, C. S. Patro, A. Bhavani, B.Murali Krishna, A. V. Murty","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2023.14.02.336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2023.14.02.336","url":null,"abstract":"The newly developed lipophilic drug molecules encounter problems like availability of less amount of drug at the site of action, unpredictable absorption, etc. To overcome these disadvantages, enhancement of solubility and development of novel formulation is a continuous process. Recent advances in technology had helped in developing novel nanoparticulate topical delivery systems. Their characteristic properties such as nano droplet size i.e. 20-200nm, high interfacial area, transparent, translucent appearance, capability to freely solublise in water, high kinetic stability, sedimentation, flocculation and coalescence created a new era in the development nanoparticulate topical drug delivery systems with increased applications. The most advantageous thing about topical nanoemulsion is that it can penetrate and permeate the skin membrane without incorporation of a permeation enhancer. Various studies revealed that the activity of anti inflammatory and anti fungal drugs have been increased as topical nano preparations i.e. nanoemulsions and nanoemulgels with compared to conventional emulsions and emulgels. Nanoemulgels are nanoemulsion based hydrogels prepared by adding nanoemulsion to the hydrogel matrix. The inability of hydrogels led to the development of nanoemugels which solublises the lipophilic drug in the oily phase of the emulsion followed by the addition of this mixture into a gel base.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49342502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UPDATES AND CHALLENGES OF TABLETS","authors":"Babita Adhikary, Ladi Alik Kumar, Bharat Bhusan Sahu, Manmayee Mohapatra, Sanghamitra Satpathy, Swagatika Das, Subham Sourajit","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2023.14.02.340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2023.14.02.340","url":null,"abstract":"The study of medicine is both a science and an art. There are no compounded pills in it. And bandages; it addresses life's fundamental processes, which must be comprehended before they may be directed. Pharmaceutical oral solid dosage forms have been utilised extensively for decades, mostly due to their ease of administration and suitability for systemic drug delivery. The tablets may be produced directly from powders, granule pellets, or multiple units covered in film. Nowadays, tablets are the most widely used dosage form, making up over 70% of all manufactured ethical pharmaceutical formulations. Tablets are solid pharmaceutical dosage forms that can be moulded or compressed and contain medicinal ingredients with or without appropriate diluents. Tablets can therefore be essentially divided into two categories: compressed tablets and moulded tablets. Directly compressible tablets, chewable tablets, and tablet triturates, among others, are further categories for compressed tablets.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46988012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sub-Lethal Effects Of Chlorpyrifos On Geno-Neurotoxic Profiles In Freshwater Fish Cyprinus Carpio(L.)","authors":"Kareema Ambareen, Mididoddi Venkateshwarlu","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s02.247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s02.247","url":null,"abstract":"Pesticide toxicity  is a global concern and chlorpyrifos is one of the most widely used organophosphate agrochemicals,it is frequently detected  in surface ground waters of India. Chlorpyrifos(CPF) LC50 – 96 h was calculated as 0.318 mg/l using probit analysis based on LC50 value two sublethal concentrations of 1/5th of LC50 (0.0636 mg/l) and 1/10th of LC50 (0.0318 mg/l) were determined. The influence of CPF on the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and Ach content and the Genotoxicity of Cyprinus carpio was evaluated. Results confer that significant inhibition in the AchE activity in brain tissue resulting in a build-up of Ach at the neuronal synapse resulting in a decrease of cholinergic transmission finally impairs the neurophysiological activity and ultimately result in the death of fish although studies on genotoxic effects of CPF were carried out to examine the prevalence of nuclear abnormalities in freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio using Comet and MN assay in blood erythrocytes and gill cells as percentile tail DNA damage as comets and micronuclei and other nuclear anomalies were scored in erythrocytes of Cyprinus carpio it was found that significant effect was observed for both concentrations and periods of exposure in the treated fishes. The highest DNA damage and increased micronuclei frequency and inhibitory AchE activity  in Cyprinus carpio were found to be high on the highest sublethal 1/5th of LC50 followed by Sublethal 1/10th of LC50 concentration. Overall findings imply that AchE and genotoxic biomarkers may be useful diagnostic tools for chlorpyrifos poisoning in biomonitoring programs.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46925132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness Of Abdominal Massage On Gastric Residual Volume, Abdominal Distension, And Gastrointestinal Functioning Among Patients With Nasogastric Tube Feeding Admitted In The ICU’s At Selected Hospital-Pilot Study","authors":"I. Mr.HilalN, S. Dr.Santhi, Dr. Anitha Rani","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2023.14.03.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2023.14.03.100","url":null,"abstract":"Abdominal massage is a prevalent non pharmacological intervention for reliving high gastric residual volume, abdominal distension and other some gastro intestinal functioning. It helps to boost the nutritional transition through the gastro intestinal tract, induces peristaltic movement, and consequently lowers the intra abdominal pressure. Moreover, it has been shown to be safe, effective, no pharmacological and non-invasive methods with no side effects. \u0000The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of abdominal massage on gastric residual volume, abdominal distension and gastro intestinal functioning among patients with nasogastric tube feeding admitted in Intensive Care Units. \u0000Subjects: patients who are admitted in the ICU and have nasogastric tube for feeding during the period of data collection. They are divided randomly (cover slip method) in to two groups of 15 in each group (one experimental group and one control group). \u0000Setting: The study was conducted in the ICU’s of selected hospital. \u0000Results:  gastric residual volume, abdominal distension and gastro intestinal functioning were analysed for 2 groups and statistical significant improvement were found among the study group than their control group. The frequency of vomiting episode was significantly reduced among study groups than the control group. \u0000Conclusion: Abdominal massage should be considered as part of routine nursing care performed for all patients with nasogastric tube feeding for decreasing the gastric residual volume, abdominal distension and alleviating vomiting.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47665312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPACT OF HUMAN RESOURCES INFORMATION SYSTEM ON HUMAN RESOURCE STRATEGIES WITH EMPIRICAL STUDY OF BANKING INDUSTRY","authors":"Anchal Bhatia, Dr. Richa Nangia","doi":"10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s01.140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2023.14.s01.140","url":null,"abstract":"This paper highlights the impact of human resource information system with human resource strategies. HRIS is a kind of tool which is designed to meet the core need of business which automatically fulfil the requirements and needs of both managers and employees. As this paper highlights the human resource information system with the banking industry, on one side banking industries are adapting the software for the betterment of their employees but on the other side still people in the banking industry have the resistance towards the accepting of this software. Thus, in today’s scenario organisation motive is to build up the morale of their employees and get them familiar with the new technologies which automatically give the best result to the organisation. This study of research paper gives the glimpse of some banking sector who already adapted the technology.This paper focus on the employees about why they have resistance in adapting the new tech software.","PeriodicalId":16728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43917438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}