Recapitulating The Etiology And Pathophysiology Of Obesity Epidemic: A Comprehensive Guide To Associated Biomarkers And Pharmacotherapy

Obesity or Adiposity is a worldwide common health problem that is related with an augmented risk of a number of medical conditions, morbidity and mortality. This mini review recapitulates the epidemiology, Etiology, associated comorbidities, biomarkers and available pharmacotherapy of obesity. The epidemiology of obesity is increasing in low-, middle- and high-income countries, with sociodemographic, behavioural, and genetic factors all playing a role. Comorbidities include hypertension, diabetes mellitus, stroke, coronary artery disease, and melanoma. Biomarkers associated with obesity include anthropometric markers, biochemical markers, hormonal markers, molecular biomarkers. Obesity related Oxidative stress is also discussed in this paper as per current findings from various clinical and preclinical data available up to January 2023.Treatment approaches range from lifestyle changes to pharmacotherapy and surgery. The available pharmacotherapy is either connected with precarious ill effects or overpriced, therefore, alternative therapies for obesity attenuation are required. Article under discussion provides an insight into oxidative stress attenuation, gene therapy via biomarkers regulation for combating obesity. Prevention strategies should include multidimensional approaches tailored to each nation