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Characterization of polymeric films for transdermal drug delivery 经皮给药聚合物薄膜的表征
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2009-12-01 DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V4I1.48445
Y. Tanwar, A. Sharma
{"title":"Characterization of polymeric films for transdermal drug delivery","authors":"Y. Tanwar, A. Sharma","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V4I1.48445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V4I1.48445","url":null,"abstract":"Drug-free films of different polymers were prepared by casting solvent technique employing mercury as a substrate. The physical and chemical properties of the films were evaluated for their potential transdermal use. The films were found to be stable and intact at ambient temperature and humidity conditions. The results indicate that the polymeric films of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), polyvinyl acetate (PVA), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), cellulose acetate (CA), ethyl acetate (EC) and Eudragit RL100 & S100 along with those of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and propylene glycol (PPG) as plasticizer appear promising for the development of suitable transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS).","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89457262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nasal carriage of methicilli-resistant staphylococcus aureus with reduced vancomycin susceptibility [mrsa-rvs] by healthy adults in Zaria, Nigeria. 尼日利亚扎里亚健康成人鼻腔携带耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌万古霉素敏感性降低[mrsa-rvs]
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2009-12-01 DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V3I2.48442
O. Olonitola, B. Olayinka, M. Salawu, S. Yakubu
{"title":"Nasal carriage of methicilli-resistant staphylococcus aureus with reduced vancomycin susceptibility [mrsa-rvs] by healthy adults in Zaria, Nigeria.","authors":"O. Olonitola, B. Olayinka, M. Salawu, S. Yakubu","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V3I2.48442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V3I2.48442","url":null,"abstract":"Staphylococcus aureus isolates were collected from anterior nares of fifty healthy adults in Zaria and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns determined. Seventy-two percent (72%) of the isolates were methicillin-resistant S. aureus, while 20% were methicillin-susceptible. The isolates were generally resistant to multiple antibiotics including chloramphenicol [78% resistance], penicillin [100% resistance], and tetracycline [66% resistance]. Vancomycin susceptibility studies revealed that 86% of the isolates were Vancomycin intermediate. There is a need to observe antibiotic use policies faithfully in order to prevent the spread of resistances.","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79741614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Antimicrobial studies on the leaves of Earva Javanica 爪哇耳瓦叶片的抗菌研究
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2009-12-01 DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V5I1.48464
Kr Srivivan, V. Reddy
{"title":"Antimicrobial studies on the leaves of Earva Javanica","authors":"Kr Srivivan, V. Reddy","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V5I1.48464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V5I1.48464","url":null,"abstract":"Leaves of Aerva javanica (Family:Amaranthaceae) were extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol. The crude extracts were investigated for its antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis ,Bacillus cerus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Shigella dysenteriae and antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. The extracts showed significant antibacterial activity in the order methanol, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether and methanol and ethyl acetate extract showed moderate antifungal activity while petroleum ether extract did not showed any activity against all the microorganisms tested. How ever, the antibacterial, antifungal activity of the methanol extract of the leaves was found to be most effective against all the organisms.","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78173296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Use of trona as a permeation enhancer for ointments prepared with beeswax extracted from native honeycombs 使用trona作为一种渗透增强剂，用于从本地蜂窝中提取的蜂蜡制备的软膏
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2009-12-01 DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V4I2.48461
A. Attama, M. Adikwu
{"title":"Use of trona as a permeation enhancer for ointments prepared with beeswax extracted from native honeycombs","authors":"A. Attama, M. Adikwu","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V4I2.48461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V4I2.48461","url":null,"abstract":"This work studied the effect of trona on the release and permeation of salicylic acid from ointments formulated with beeswax processed from native honeycombs. Pure trona was obtained by re-crystallisation. The test (extracted) beeswax was characterized using standard physicochemical procedures. Trona was incorporated into salicylic acid ointment at concentrations of 0.5 - 2.0 %w/w and the ointments evaluated. Consistencies of the ointments were determined by penetrometry while release studies were carried out by studying diffusion of salicylic acid from the ointments on ferric chloride agar. The permeation of salicylic acid from optimised ointments was also studied. Results obtained indicated that the physicochemical properties of the beeswax processed from native honeycombs compared favourably with the standard beeswax. Release enhancement by trona was in the order: 0.5 %w/w > 1.0 %w/w > 1.5 %w/w > 2.0 %w/w while in the permeation experiment, enhancement was mostly observed at trona concentrations of 1.5 %w/w and 2.0 %w/w. Trona could be used as a release and permeation enhancer in salicylic acid ointments.","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83162743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Mucoadhesive sustained delivery of diclofenac sodium using carbopol 675 and PVP admixtures as mucoadhesive motif 以卡波波尔675和PVP为黏附基元的黏附持续递送双氯芬酸钠
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2009-12-01 DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V4I1.48446
A. Attama, P. Akpa, Cw Nwokeabia
{"title":"Mucoadhesive sustained delivery of diclofenac sodium using carbopol 675 and PVP admixtures as mucoadhesive motif","authors":"A. Attama, P. Akpa, Cw Nwokeabia","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V4I1.48446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V4I1.48446","url":null,"abstract":"The mucoadhesiveness, swelling characteristics and release profile of diclofenac sodium from mucoadhesive tablets prepared with Carbopol 675 and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and their physical mixtures were studied to evaluate their applicability in sustained drug delivery. The ex-vivo mucoadhesive strengths of the tablet compacts were determined by tensiometry using Lecomte du Nuoy tensiometer and everted pig jejunum. Release studies were carried out in three different pH media (1.2, 7.0 and 7.5). The results of mucoadhesive test revealed that tablets formulated from 1:1 physical mixture of Carbopol 675 and PVP had the highest mucoadhesive strength, which showed they bound tightly to the mucus pig jejunum. Their low swelling and release behaviours also indicated that the tablet compacts are very good candidates for sustained release formulation since release of diclofenac sodium was sustained by the compacts.","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88600806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Usefulness of the American urological association's benign prostate hyperplasia symptom index in Nigeria: Validation using biochemical markers 美国泌尿科协会良性前列腺增生症状指数在尼日利亚的实用性:使用生化标记物验证
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2009-12-01 DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V4I2.48460
E. Ejike, L. Ezeanyika
{"title":"Usefulness of the American urological association's benign prostate hyperplasia symptom index in Nigeria: Validation using biochemical markers","authors":"E. Ejike, L. Ezeanyika","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V4I2.48460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V4I2.48460","url":null,"abstract":"Benign prostate Hyperplasia (BPH) is an age-related neoplastic condition of the prostate gland that is characterised by lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), in the clinical setting. A variety of factors, especially weather conditions and diet, impart on the nature of the manifestations of LUTS experienced by sufferers, suggesting a possible difference in the clinical presentation of BPH across cultures. One of the tools used in the screening and diagnosis of BPH is the American Urological Association’s (AUA’s) symptom index. However, the validity of this instrument in Nigeria has not been tested. This work used two biochemical markers of prostate pathologies – prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) – to test the validity of the AUA symptom index in Nigeria. Our results show a positive correlation between PAP and the AUA symptom index (r = +0.275, p <0.01). The AUA symptom index is thus recommended for screening and diagnostic purposes in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85658319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative evaluation of antidiabetic activities of Flavonoids extract and crude methanol extract of loranthus Micranthus parasitic on 寄生桂花黄酮类提取物与粗甲醇提取物抗糖尿病活性的比较评价
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2009-12-01 DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V4I1.48448
I. Uzochukwu, P. O. Osadebe
{"title":"Comparative evaluation of antidiabetic activities of Flavonoids extract and crude methanol extract of loranthus Micranthus parasitic on","authors":"I. Uzochukwu, P. O. Osadebe","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V4I1.48448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V4I1.48448","url":null,"abstract":"The antidiabetic activities of flavonoids extract (FE) and crude  methanol extract (CME) of Loranthus micranthus parasitic on Kola acuminata were studied in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Four groups of rats (n=4) were given 100 and 200 mg/kg of FE and CME respectively by the intraperitoneal route. Glibenclamide (10 mg/kg) and tween 80 (2 ml/kg) were also administered intraperitoneally as positive and negative control respectively. While the FE (200 mg/kg) caused significant (P< 0.001) antidiabetic activity within one hour of administration in the treated rats, the CME (200 mg/kg) caused significant (P< 0.001) antidiabetic activity within three hour of administration in the treated rats. The result shows that the antidiabetic activities of L. micranthus parasitic on K. acuminata may be attributable to the flavonoids contents of the leaves.","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82453881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Natural heterocycles as antifertility agents 天然杂环化合物作为抗生育剂
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2009-12-01 DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V5I2.48476
K. Pandey, A. Pandey, E. Ibezim
{"title":"Natural heterocycles as antifertility agents","authors":"K. Pandey, A. Pandey, E. Ibezim","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V5I2.48476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V5I2.48476","url":null,"abstract":"Natural products have shown an unflinching promise as antifertility agents. Interestingly, most of them are heterocyclic in nature. The extraordinary capability of these compounds to mimic the activity of estrogenic compounds imparts them a remarkable characteristic of being able to regulate female fertility. Nitrogen and oxygen heterocycles form the majority of these compounds of which, in majority of cases, the pharmacologically active part of the molecule is non-aromatic, thus non planar, just as is the steroid ring system. This fact may be responsible for their steroid mimicking activity. This review presents the active compounds identified and pharmacologically evaluated till date.","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73058361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Preliminary anti-microbial and phytochemical investigation of the extracts and column fractions of Alchornea Floribunda leaves 花竹叶提取物及柱状组分的抑菌及植物化学初步研究
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2009-12-01 DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V4I1.48450
F. Okoye, G. Ebi
{"title":"Preliminary anti-microbial and phytochemical investigation of the extracts and column fractions of Alchornea Floribunda leaves","authors":"F. Okoye, G. Ebi","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V4I1.48450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V4I1.48450","url":null,"abstract":"The leaves of Alchornea floribunda were collected, identified and reduced to coarse powder. Using various solvent treatments, the powdered drug leaf was fractionated into A1, A2, B, C and D. The fractions were subjected to anti-microbial screening and phytochemical analysis. Phytochemical analysis of the extracts showed the presence of terpenes, sterols, flavonoids, tannins, carbohydrate, glycoside, saponins and alkaloids. Only fraction A2 (the terpenoid fraction) showed promising antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (IZD 42 mm) Salmonella keitambii (IZD 34mm) and Bacillus subtilis (IZD 32mm). A2 was further separated into 14 major column chromatographic fractions. The fractions were subjected to anti-microbial and phytochemical investigation. Fraction Af7, Af9, Af12 and Af13 (all terpenoids) showed mild activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella keitambii. In conclusion, the anti-microbial activity of Alchornea floribunda leaves can be attributed to the presence of the terpenoids which may interact synergistically to cause inhibition of the sensitive bacteria.","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73233676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Effect of extract of Abrs Precatorius on blood glucose concentration of alloxan induced diabeticc albino westar rats 苦参提取物对四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病白化大鼠血糖浓度的影响
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2009-12-01 DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V5I1.48467
U. Georgewill, O. Georgewill
{"title":"Effect of extract of Abrs Precatorius on blood glucose concentration of alloxan induced diabeticc albino westar rats","authors":"U. Georgewill, O. Georgewill","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V5I1.48467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V5I1.48467","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of leaf extract of Abrus precatorius on blood glucose level of alloxan- induced diabetic albino wistar rats was evaluated. Experimental animals received daily oral administration of extract of Abrus precatorius for 14 days. The effect of 200 mg/kg dose was studied during the treatment period. There was a significant reduction in blood glucose level (p for normal control, 7.0 ± 0.40 for diabetic control group and 4.0 ± 0.24 for diabetic treated group. The findings of this study suggest that extract of Abrus precatorius has hypoglycemic effect.","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"16 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76988463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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