Journal of Pain Research最新文献

{"title":"Prescribing Patterns and Off-Label Use of Gabapentinoid Agents at Dhulikhel Hospital, Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Sumana Adhikari, Durga Bista, Rohit Shrestha, David Woods","doi":"10.2147/JPR.S493542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S493542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Gabapentinoids are mainly prescribed for neuropathic pain and certain seizure disorders, but their off-label use has increased significantly. This rise raises concerns about the insufficient evidence supporting some applications, as well as potential risks of misuse, dependence, and adverse effects. The study aims to examine the prescribing patterns and off-label use of gabapentinoids at Dhulikhel Hospital (DH), Nepal, focusing on understanding the extent of off-label practices and patient knowledge regarding their medications.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey of 385 adult patients prescribed gabapentinoids was conducted at the outpatient pharmacy of DH. Data were collected via patient interviews and prescriptions. Off-label use was assessed according to the licensed indications of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the UK British National Formulary (BNF). Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among patients prescribed gabapentinoids, 73.0% received gabapentin while 27.0% were prescribed pregabalin. Most patients were middle-aged females with comorbid conditions, primarily orthopedic outpatients. Off-label use was prevalent, with 96.1% of prescriptions being off-label by FDA indications and 28.1% by BNF indications. Pregabalin was prescribed at a sub-therapeutic dose (75 mg/day) for neuropathic pain. Patient knowledge about gabapentinoids was found to be poor, particularly regarding side effects and drug interactions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the extensive off-label and sub-therapeutic use of gabapentinoids at Dhulikhel Hospital and reveals significant gaps in patient knowledge. This emphasizes the need for stricter prescribing guidelines, improved healthcare provider education, and better patient information to optimize the use and minimize risks. The frequent prescription of low-dose pregabalin for neuropathic pain raises the possibility that it may be used for night-time sedation rather than for pain management, indicating the need for further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain Research","volume":"17 ","pages":"4377-4391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Data Mining Study for Analysis of Acupoint Selection and Combinations in Acupuncture Treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome [Response to Letter].","authors":"Yujun He","doi":"10.2147/JPR.S511919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S511919","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain Research","volume":"17 ","pages":"4393-4394"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Gene Relation Between Cervical Spondylosis and Depression: Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Xianglong Lv, Lin Wang, Jing Yao, Yuanxin Huang","doi":"10.2147/JPR.S488082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S488082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous observational studies have suggested a potential link between depression and cervical spondylosis (CS). While it is known that depression and CS can coexist, the specific relationship between them is not fully understood. We hypothesize that there may be connections between the two conditions, but the independent causal relationship of depression as a risk factor for CS, remains uncertain. This particular study has important implications for the future clinical treatment of depression and cervical spondylosis because Mendelian randomization has not been widely used in this field. We obtained valuable results through big data analysis and have guiding significance for future research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study using data from genome-wide association studies to investigate the causal relationship between depression and CS in individuals of European ancestry. Additionally, we examined the impact of CS on susceptibility to depression using large population-level genetic data (number of depression SNPs: 9,761,853; number of CS SNPs: 9,851,867). The primary approach for data analysis was the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method to estimate potential causal effects. Furthermore, we performed sensitivity analyses utilizing methods such as Manhattan plot (CMplot), linkage disequilibrium (LD), F-filtering, removal of phenoscanner, MR-Egger, weighted median, MR-PRESSO simple mode weighted mode MR pleiotropy test MR heterogeneity assessment leave-one-out analysis to ensure result robustness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings indicated that an elevated likelihood of CS was linked to depression [IVW odds ratio (OR): 1.322, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.205-1.441, P=0.01243]. There was reciprocal evidence of causation, with the genetic predisposition to depression significantly heightening susceptibility to CS [IVW odds ratio (OR): 1.426, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.236-1.651, P=0.01775].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This investigation provides genetic support for a bidirectional causal association between depression and CS. Specifically, individuals with depression are at greater risk of developing CS. Addressing depression may serve as an effective approach in mitigating or preventing the burden of CS and vice versa.</p>","PeriodicalId":16661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain Research","volume":"17 ","pages":"4343-4355"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11662630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Data Mining Study for Analysis of Acupoint Selection and Combinations in Acupuncture Treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome [Letter].","authors":"Bowen Xing, Zhengyu Li, Yuyan Liu, Chen Ling, Xiaolin Long, Hui Xie, Fang Feng","doi":"10.2147/JPR.S508914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S508914","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain Research","volume":"17 ","pages":"4315-4316"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11662918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Pace of Biological Aging Partially Explains the Relationship Between Socioeconomic Status and Chronic Low Back Pain Outcomes.","authors":"Edwin N Aroke, Jai Ganesh Nagidi, Vinodh Srinivasasainagendra, Tammie L Quinn, Fiona B A T Agbor, Kiari R Kinnie, Hemant K Tiwari, Burel R Goodin","doi":"10.2147/JPR.S481452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S481452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Having a lower socioeconomic status (SES) is a predictor of age-related chronic conditions, including chronic low back pain (cLBP). We aimed to examine whether the pace of biological aging mediates the relationship between SES and cLBP outcomes - pain intensity, pain interference, and physical performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the Dunedin Pace of Aging Calculated from the Epigenome (DunedinPACE) software to determine the pace of biological aging in adults ages 18 to 85 years with no cLBP (n = 74), low-impact pain (n = 56), and high-impact pain (n = 77).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean chronological age of the participants was 40.9 years (SD= 15.1); 107 (51.7%) were female, and 108 (52.2%) were Black. On average, the pace of biological aging was 5% faster [DunedinPACE = 1.05 (SD = 0.14)] in the sample (DunedinPACE value of 1 = normal pace of aging). Individuals with higher levels of education had a significantly slower pace of biological aging than those with lower education levels (F = 5.546, p = 0.001). After adjusting for sex and race, household income level significantly correlated with the pace of biological aging (r = -0.17, p = 0.02), pain intensity (r = -0.21, p = 0.003), pain interference (r = -0.21, p = 0.003), and physical performance (r = 0.20, p = 0.005). In mediation analyses adjusting for sex, race, and body mass index (BMI), the pace of biological aging mediates the relationship between household income (but not education) level and cLBP intensity, interference, as well as physical performance.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Results indicate that lower SES contributes to faster biological aging, possibly contributing to greater pain intensity and interference, as well as lower physical performance. Future interventions slowing the pace of biological aging may improve cLBP outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain Research","volume":"17 ","pages":"4317-4329"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11662669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical Considerations Regarding Psychedelics for Clinical Pain Research.","authors":"Christopher L Robinson, Matthew Slitzky, Michael E Schatman, R Jason Yong, April D Lehman, Ata Murat Kaynar, Sharvari P Shivanekar, Trent Emerick","doi":"10.2147/JPR.S491470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S491470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychedelics, substances with a long history of cultural and medicinal use, are experiencing a resurgence in clinical research, particularly in psychiatry. Despite their classification as Schedule I drugs, recent studies suggest therapeutic potential, particularly in treating refractory depression. With chronic pain representing a major health concern and with few non-opioid treatment options available, psychedelics are being explored as alternative treatment modalities. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) now funds psychedelic research, marking a shift from previous decades of limited funding. However, ethical considerations loom large. Vulnerable populations, such as those with chronic pain that impairs their autonomy, require careful consideration by researchers of risks and benefits. Additionally, researchers and interested entities must navigate complex regulatory landscapes involving the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) when considering pursuing possible research. Furthermore, transparent collaboration among stakeholders-patients, researchers, and regulatory bodies-is crucial for participant safety and successful research. Although a number of ethical approaches can be taken, we posit that stakeholders consider utilizing principal-based research ethics, comprised of the principles of autonomy, beneficence, justice, and nonmaleficence, to guide the process. Ultimately, balancing therapeutic promise with ethical integrity is paramount. Careful planning, collaboration, and adherence to ethical principles can increase the likelihood that psychedelic research in chronic pain management progresses responsibly, offering hope for patients while safeguarding their well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":16661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain Research","volume":"17 ","pages":"4357-4364"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11662906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors and Diagnostic Model Construction of Chronic Pain with Cognitive Impairment.","authors":"Changteng Zhang, Ying Su, Xianzheng Zeng, Xiaoyu Zhu, Rui Gao, Wangyang Liu, Runzi Du, Chan Chen, Jin Liu","doi":"10.2147/JPR.S485000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S485000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive impairment (CI) is frequently observed in patients with chronic pain (CP). CP progression increases the risk of dementia and accelerates Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. However, risk diagnostic models and biomarkers for CP-related CI remain insufficient. Previous research has highlighted the relationships between several complete blood count parameters for CP or CI-related diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, while the specific values of complete blood count parameters in CP-related CI patients remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the correlation between complete blood count parameters and CP-related CI to establish a risk diagnostic model for the early detection of CP-related CI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted at West China Hospital, Sichuan University. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to classify patients into either the CP with CI group or the CP without CI group. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to screen the related factors of CP-related CI for constructing a risk diagnostic model, and the model was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study ultimately included 163 eligible patients. Based on analysis, age (OR, 1.037 [95% CI, 1.007-1.070]; <i>P</i>=0.018), duration of pain (OR, 2.546 [95% CI, 1.099-6.129]; <i>P</i>=0.032), VAS score (OR, 1.724 [95% CI, 0.819-3.672]; <i>P</i>=0.153), LMR (OR, 0.091 [95% CI, 0.024-0.275]; <i>P</i><0.001), absolute neutrophil value (OR, 0.306 [95% CI, 0.115-0.767]; <i>P</i>=0.014), and lymphocyte percentage (OR, 6.551 [95% CI, 2.143-25.039]; <i>P</i>=0.002) were identified as critical factors of CP-related CI. The diagnostic model was evaluated by the ROC curve, demonstrating good diagnostic value with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.803, a sensitivity of 0.603 and a specificity of 0.871.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The risk diagnostic model developed in this study for CP-related CI has significant value and enables clinicians to customize interventions based on each patient's needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain Research","volume":"17 ","pages":"4331-4342"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11662672/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Modic Changes After Percutaneous Endoscopic Transforaminal Lumbar Discectomy: From Risk Analysis to Prediction Modeling.","authors":"Lei Li, Chao Wang, Hao Zhang, Antao Lin, Changpeng Qu, Yihao Sun, Hao Tao, Xuexiao Ma","doi":"10.2147/JPR.S475650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S475650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examines the occurrence of Modic changes (MC) within the first year following percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal lumbar discectomy (PETD) and investigates associated risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study adopted a retrospective cohort design. Between January 2019 and June 2023, 538 patients diagnosed with single-level lumbar disc herniation and treated with PETD were included. The patients were divided into a training set and a validation set based on their surgery dates. Preoperative radiographic parameters and perioperative indicators were evaluated. Univariate analysis examined risk factors for postoperative MC. Gender-specific subgroups were analyzed. Binary logistic regression developed a predictive model for postoperative MC, assessed using ROC, calibration, and decision curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of MC at one year after PETD was 24.8%. Logistic regression identified 8 significant risk factors for MC after PELD: longer symptom duration, proximity of herniated segment to sacrum, severe disc degeneration, reduced disc height, greater vertebral endplate concavity angle, segmental instability, and lumbar-sacral fusion. Menopause and herniation type were identified as female-specific risk factors. In males, total cholesterol levels were additionally found to be a risk factor for postoperative MC. The male and female subgroup models exhibited satisfactory performance across ROC analysis, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis. Specifically, for male patients, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.831 for the training set and 0.820 for the validation set; for female patients, the AUC was 0.911 for the training set and 0.868 for the validation set. A nomogram was developed to visualize the model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study explored the relevant risk factors of MC after PETD and visualized the prediction model by nomogram, which is beneficial to optimize the surgical scheme of PETD to improve the clinical efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain Research","volume":"17 ","pages":"4301-4313"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11662668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Mental Disorders on Fibromyalgia Mediated by Insomnia: A Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Le Chang, Zhen Sun, Shiyong Zeng, Canyang Huang, Zhenyu Cai","doi":"10.2147/JPR.S491626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S491626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study employed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to confirm the causal effects of mental disorders on fibromyalgia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The summary data for exposures, mediator, and outcome were extracted from the GWAS catalog project, IEU openGWAS project, and Finn biobank database. Significantly associated and independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) meeting the criteria of p < 5×10-8, r2 < 0.001, and kb = 10,000 were selected for MR analysis. We used univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization (i) to investigate the causal relationship between mental disorders/insomnia and fibromyalgia and (ii) to examine the mediating role of insomnia. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method along with other MR methods was employed for analysis, while sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess reliability and stability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results provided strong evidence to confirm the causal and positive associations between depression (OR = 6.749; 95% CI: 2.293-19.868, P = 0.001), irritability (OR: 1.873, 95% CI: 1.023-3.428, P = 0.042), insomnia (OR: 8.395, 95% CI: 1.384-50.931, P = 0.021), and fibromyalgia. Moreover, a positive causal relationship was detected between depression (OR = 1.230; 95% CI: 1.178-1.285; P < 0.001), irritability (OR = 1.084; 95% CI: 1.046-1.122; P < 0.001) and insomnia. Multivariate Mendelian randomization analysis showed that insomnia mediated the effects of depression and irritability on fibromyalgia, and the proportion of insomnia-mediated cases ranged from 25.2% to 26%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed a positive causal relationship between depression, irritability, insomnia, and fibromyalgia. Insomnia partly mediates this overall effect. Understanding the causal relationship between mental disorders and fibromyalgia and the mediating role of insomnia may provide more information for fibromyalgia intervention and prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain Research","volume":"17 ","pages":"4277-4288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11656330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Central Sensitization Inventory Among Chinese Patients with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain.","authors":"Rui Tang, Dongping Wan, Chuan Leng, Xiaohong Fan, Yang Li, Jianbing Ma, Yuanchi Huang, Chao Xu","doi":"10.2147/JPR.S499700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S499700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This research aims to develop and validate the Chinese version of the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI-CV) for patients suffering from chronic non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP). The study evaluates both the validity and reliability of the CSI-CV.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>The cross-cultural adaptation of the scale strictly adhered to the principles of Bombardier and Beaton. Initially, two professors of Chinese-English translation independently translated the original CSI scale into the target language, and then collaborated with an expert in cross-cultural adaptation to merge into a single version. This version was back-translated into English by two professors whose native language is English. Following this, the scale underwent preliminary review by bilingual experts and the research team, and was preliminarily tested, ultimately culminating in the formation of the CSI-CV version. A total of 310 patients with CNSLBP completed the CSI-CV, while 50 of them repeated the survey one week later to test the stability of the scale. The CSI-CV's reliability, validity, and internal consistency were assessed through exploratory factor analysis (EFA), correlation coefficients, and Cronbach's α.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EFA revealed five distinct factors from the 25 CSI-CV items, covering physical symptoms, emotional distress, fatigue and sleep disturbances, headaches and jaw symptoms, and urinary issues, with a total explained variance of 60.24%. The Cronbach's α was 0.910, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.924, indicating strong reliability. Moderate correlations were observed between CSI-CV scores and Five-Level EuroQol Five-Dimensional Questionnaire (r = -0.515), the Brief Pain Inventory (r = 0.586) and Oswestry Disability Index (r = 0.416), demonstrating significant associations with these measures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CSI-CV exhibits excellent internal consistency, factor structure, and reliability. Its successful cultural adaptation offers valuable insights for improving treatment approaches for patients with CNSLBP.</p>","PeriodicalId":16661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain Research","volume":"17 ","pages":"4263-4276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11654211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142854616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}