Journal of Pain and Relief最新文献

{"title":"Nitromedicine is a new medical specialty, focused on modulating Nitro-Redox Sensitive Biochemical Pathways to managing Oxidative Stress Related Diseases (OSRDs) and enhance Stem Cell Therapy","authors":"Salaheldin Halasa","doi":"10.4172/2167-0846.C1.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0846.C1.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain and Relief","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72984258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropathic pain screening questionnaires have limited measurement properties. A systematic review","authors":"Stephanie Mathieson","doi":"10.4172/2167-0846.C1.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0846.C1.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain and Relief","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83305445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OCD in animal models using quinpirole as dopaminergic inductor of perseverative behavior","authors":"Abraham Flores Vargas","doi":"10.4172/2167-0846.C1.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0846.C1.008","url":null,"abstract":"V insufficiency occurs in 4% of flaps raised on the Deep Inferior Epigastric System (DIES), typically in perforator flaps. Computed Tomography Angiogram (CTA) has become a routine part of pre-operative assessment of vascular anatomy and design in these flaps. We aim to identify CTA signs that predict venous congestion. This is a retrospective cohort study of flaps raised on the DIES at our institution where a CTA was performed pre-operatively. 98 consecutive patients had 124 DIES flaps raised of which four (3.2%) developed venous congestion. In these flaps, predictors of venous congestion included a type I pedicle (75 vs. 64.2%, p=0.22), a superficial Inferior Epigastric Vein (SIEV) that did not connect to the depp. system perforations and was larger at origin (5.2 vs. 3.5mm, p=0.007) and less likely to arborise (0 vs. 96.7%, p<0.001), the perforators of congested flaps were less likely to connect to the superficial system (38.1 vs. 88.8%, p<0.001) and an SIEV that was larger in diameter that the DIEV at origin had a correlation coefficient with congestion of 1, suggesting that that a SIEV>DIEV at origin is highly predictive of congestion. We concluded that a CTA is an important pre-operative study for the identification of risk factors for venous compromise. These findings should prompt a robust discussion of the risk of flap failure with patients and contingency planning to augment venous drainage with the superficial system if required.","PeriodicalId":16641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain and Relief","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73721375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antinociceptive Properties of Methanolic Bark Extracts of Terminalia brownii in Wistar Rats","authors":"J. W. Mbiri, S. Kasili, P. Kisangau, Michael N Musila, M. Piero, W. Mbinda","doi":"10.4172/2167-0846.1000261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0846.1000261","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The barks of the medicinal plant, Terminalia brownii, are widely used in African folk medicine for the management of pain. However, this ethno-medicinal allegation has not been scientifically validated. This study was therefore designed to verify the antinociceptive potential of the methanolic bark extract of T. brownii in Wistar rats (Rattus novegicus). Methods: Fresh barks of T. brownii were obtained from Kitui County, Kenya with the guidance of a residential herbalist. The study used thirty 2-3 months old male Wistar rats, weighing 140-150 g. The rats were randomly divided into 6 groups; three control groups (normal, negative and positive) and three experimental groups (50, 100 and 150 mg/kg extract treatment). Each group had five rats. The analgesic properties of the extract were evaluated on formalin-induced pain and diclofenac was used as the standard drug. Results: The methanolic bark extracts of T. brownii demonstrated significant antinociceptive activity (p<0.05) by reducing the paw licking time by between 4.62%-44.96% in the early phase and 35.77%-58.89% in the late phase. Diclofenac reduced the paw licking time by 44.79% in the early phase and 55.33% in the late phase. Conclusion: Our study results strongly support the antinociceptive activity of the barks of T. brownii and rationalize the traditional use of the barks in management of pain.","PeriodicalId":16641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain and Relief","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77588883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Scrambler Therapy for Chronic Neuropathic Pain","authors":"A. Lesenskyj, C. Maxwell, Shannon Brown, R. Cruciani","doi":"10.4172/2167-0846.1000260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0846.1000260","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: An increase in accidental death related to prescription opioid abuse prompts the identification of novel strategies to treat chronic pain at a low risk to patients and their communities. Scrambler therapy (ST) has recently emerged as a viable treatment option for patients with neuropathic pain (NP), prompting a systematic review of the literature. Materials and Methods: We conducted a literature search in PubMed, Embase, and other search engines with the key words scrambler therapy, Calmare®, and neuropathic pain. Results: Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria for the literature review. Each of these studies reported varying degrees of pain reduction when patients were treated via ST. Discussion: ST appears to effectively treat a variety of NP syndromes; however further sham controlled studies are needed to validate this claim.","PeriodicalId":16641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain and Relief","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88026934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacological Interventions for Neuropathic Pain Associated withCompressive Myelopathy","authors":"T. Tachibana, K. Maruo, Fumihiro Arizumi, Kazuki Kusuyama, K. Kishima, S. Yoshiya","doi":"10.4172/2167-0846.1000258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0846.1000258","url":null,"abstract":"Neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common problem in patients with SCI, which influences the quality of life of such patients. However, in our experiments of treatments for patients with compressive myelopathy, neuropathic pain was identified in patients with not only SCI, but also those with compressive myelopathy. The objective of this study was the evaluation of pharmacological interventions for neuropathic pain associated with compressive myelopathy (NePCM). Forty-five consecutive patients with NePCM who underwent pharmacological interventions from 2005 to 2016 were included in the study. Patient records were analyzed retrospectively. Evaluated factors were visual analog scale (VAS) and grid score (GS), which were used for quantification of pain. Effective pharmacological interventions were identified when VAS or GS decreased more than 10 points after treatments. The patients’ diagnoses were as follows: cervical or thoracic ossification of posterior longitude ligaments in 17 patients, cervical spondylotic myelopathy in 12 patients, disc herniation in 3 patients, and other diagnoses in 13 patients. All patients received decompression surgery with or without spinal fusion except 7 patients. Cervical lesions were in 32 patients, thoracic lesions were in 11 patients, and both cervical and thoracic lesions were in 2 patients. Pain distribution was at-level in 10 patients, below-level in 23 patients, and both at-level and below-level in 12 patients. Effective interventions were anticonvulsants for 19 patients, antidepressants for 10 patients, and other interventions for 3 patients. The effective anticonvulsants were pregabalin for 9 patients, gabapentin for 6 patients, and chronazepam for 5 patients. The effective antidepressants were duloxetine for 7 patients. However, 15 patients did not respond to any medications. Anticonvulsants and antidepressants are likely to be effective for NePCM, however, some patients do not respond to these interventions. Therefore, advanced treatments have to be developed for NePCM.","PeriodicalId":16641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain and Relief","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90406302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polio Virus Becomes Stronger Due to Favourable Social Conditions in Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa","authors":"Syed Rashid Ali, S. Shah, S. Saud","doi":"10.4172/2167-0846.1000257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0846.1000257","url":null,"abstract":"The present study focuses on “polio virus becomes stronger due to social conditions in Mardan”. Chi square and Gamma statistics are used for measuring association and direction of relationship between variables. A sample size of 110 respondents is derived through proportionate random sampling from the total population of refusal cases. A positive and significant relationship was observed \"in vaccination is not good for health, religious taboos, quality of vaccines, side effects, decreases fertility, foreign agenda, prolongs campaign and a vaccine does not prevent paralysis\". In light of the study findings, it is suggested that proper strategy of targeted approaches for educating the common people particularly refusers is needed. The misconception about the quality and side effects of the vaccines should be addressed through community seminars. The most important segment of the Pakhtun community is local clerics and imams. Special program should be devised to educate these clerics about the nature and usefulness of the vaccines and special messages should be developed to break the misconceived link of West and vaccines.","PeriodicalId":16641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain and Relief","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88007400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postincisional Pain in Spinal Cord Stimulation: Incidence and Treatment","authors":"A. Dario, G. Agresta, D. Lattanzi, Lidia Bifone, S. Padovan, D. Locatelli","doi":"10.4172/2167-0846.S4-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0846.S4-005","url":null,"abstract":"The post incisional pain is a biological complication of the spinal cord stimulation implantation. The frequency of this condition in literature reported studies ranges from 0.9% to 12%. The causes of this pain are unclear and there is no homogeneity in the reported data. The treatment of this surgical complication is not well established with several therapy proposed. Starting from our experience we stress the need for more consistent data on the frequency and on the therapies to be used.","PeriodicalId":16641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain and Relief","volume":"64 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74716353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Testing of a Curriculum for Teaching Informed Consent for Spinal Anesthesia to Anesthesiology Residents","authors":"Pedro Tanaka, L. Park, M. Tanaka, Ankeet D. Udani, A. Macario","doi":"10.4172/2167-0846.1000259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0846.1000259","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Properly obtaining informed consent for spinal anesthesia is a skill expected of anesthesiology residents. The goals of the study were to 1) use a Delphi method to develop a curriculum for teaching informed consent for spinal anesthesia, and a checklist of required elements; 2) determine which elements of the informed consent process were most frequently missed prior to the curriculum; 3) quantify if this curriculum improved performance of correctly obtaining informed consent from a standardized patient; and 4) measure retention of learning as measured by how residents performed on actual patients. Methods: Performance on obtaining informed consent was tested with an 11-item checklist on a standardized patient before and after completing the curriculum. Resident performance on their next three patients scheduled to have spinal anesthesia was evaluated at the bedside using the same checklist. Results: At baseline before completing the curriculum 18 anesthesia residents (39% female) with a mean 6.29 months (SD 3.59, median 6.5, 25th-75th quartile range 4.25-9.75) of residency completed and 11.39 prior spinals (SD 13.1, median 13.14, 25th-75th quartile range 3-14) successfully performed 47% (SD 20%, median 45%, 25th-75th quartile range 36-41%) of the 11 required elements. The 3 most commonly missed elements were: “Teach back: Ask the patient to repeat key items in discussion” (0% correct), “Connect, Introduce, Communicate, Ask permission, Respond, Exit” (6%), and “Have the patient verbally agree with the consent forms (17%).” 7 residents completed the written materials and video curriculum and significantly increased their performance to successfully complete 90% of the required elements on a standardized patient, and 86% on actual patients 1-5 days later (P<0.01). 11 other residents completed the written materials and video curriculum supplemented with a 1:1 session with a faculty and significantly increased the percentage of properly completed elements to 97% on the standardized patient, and to 88% on actual patients (P<0.01). Conclusions: The curriculum developed increased performance on how well informed consent was obtained by junior anesthesia residents on an 11 item checklist and may be used by training programs to teach and evaluate their residents.","PeriodicalId":16641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain and Relief","volume":"64 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90439649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One Leg Standing Test: A Quantification of the Neuromuscular System for Spine Research and Practice","authors":"P. Sung","doi":"10.4172/2167-0846.1000256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0846.1000256","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain and Relief","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88637363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}