Journal of oral rehabilitation最新文献

{"title":"Validity and Reliability of Ultrasound Assessment of Swallowing Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Yuyu Wang, Qingling Wang, Weixia Yu, Jianzheng Cai, Limi Shan, Xin Wang, Mingjing Fang, Xiaoyan Lu","doi":"10.1111/joor.13992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.13992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The use of ultrasound (US) makes it convenient to identify dysphagia or swallowing impairment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of US measurements for swallowing function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. Embase, Medline, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Scopus databases were systematically searched from inception to July 22, 2024. Published studies on the validity and reliability of US measurements for assessing dysphagia or swallowing impairment in individuals aged 18 years and older were included. The review followed PRISMA guidelines and was evaluated using the QUADAS-2 tool for diagnostic studies. Two authors independently screened potentially eligible literature, evaluated the quality of the included studies, and then extracted the data. Data synthesis was conducted via random-effects meta-analysis using Stata software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This review included 38 articles, assessing the value of using hyoid bone displacement, thyrohyoid approximation, and tongue muscle thickness change on US for identifying dysphagia. The pooled sensitivities were 0.64 (95% CI: 0.50-0.79), 0.89 (95% CI: 0.66-1.11), and 0.60 (95% CI: 0.44-0.76), respectively; with pooled specificities of 0.71 (95% CI: 0.64-0.78), 0.82 (95% CI: 0.76-0.88), and 0.69 (95% CI: 0.62-0.77), respectively. Additionally, the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) for identifying dysphagia using masseter thickness was 0.74 (95% CI: 0.70-0.78). The correlation coefficient of 0.58 (95% CI: 0.20-0.81) was observed between displacement and swallowing function, whereas the correlation for swallowing muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) was 0.26 (95% CI: 0.09-0.42). Meta-analyses revealed intrarater reliability values of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.76-0.94) for displacement, 0.93 (95% CI: 0.87-0.96) for CSA, 0.77 (95% CI: 0.73-0.80) for swallowing muscle thickness, and 0.79 (95% CI: 0.74-0.84) for echo intensity. Interrater reliability values were 0.75 (95% CI: 0.55-0.87) for displacement, 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83-0.94) for CSA, and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.57-0.75) for swallowing muscle thickness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Data from this review suggested that US was a reliable and valid screening tool for assessing dysphagia and swallowing impairment. Future research could aim at proposing standardised and universal US protocols to promote comparability and reliability in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors for Home Care Discontinuation Among Older People With Dysphagia: A Two-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Hiroyasu Furuya, Takeshi Kikutani, Tomohito Sakazume, Yujiro Nakazawa, Kumi Tanaka, Yoko Kato, Yoko Ichikawa, Akari Hatano, Maiko Ozeki, Takashi Tohara, Noriaki Takahashi, Fumiyo Tamura","doi":"10.1111/joor.13999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.13999","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Receiving home care improves the quality of life of older adults. Nonetheless, limited studies have examined factors influencing pneumonia onset and home care discontinuation in older adults living at home.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To clarify the factors associated with home care discontinuation in older adults receiving home care for dysphagia and to identify risk factors for home care discontinuation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 162 adults (≥ 65 years) with dysphagia who were receiving home care. Nutritional status, history of pneumonia, swallowing function, activities of daily living, and comorbidities were assessed. The study participants were followed up for 2 years. Factors associated with home care discontinuation (death and hospitalisation) were analysed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the 2-year follow-up, 110 (67.9%) participants discontinued home care (35 due to pneumonia, 75 due to other causes). Severe dysphagia was the strongest risk factor for pneumonia-induced discontinuation (HR = 3.25, 95% CI: 1.35-7.83). Malnutrition (HR = 2.32, 95% CI: 0.93-5.76) and pneumonia history (HR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.00-4.35) elevated pneumonia-related risk. Severe dysphagia (HR = 1.52, 95% CI: 0.65-3.55) and malnutrition (HR = 1.58, 95% CI: 0.95-2.64) were potential risk factors for non-pneumonia-induced discontinuation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In older adults receiving home care, severe dysphagia was a major risk factor for home care discontinuation, with malnutrition and a history of pneumonia suggested as potential contributing factors. These findings indicate that improving nutritional status, maintaining and enhancing swallowing function and providing appropriate management for individuals with a history of pneumonia are crucial for ensuring continuous home care.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updating the Bruxism Definitions: Report of an International Consensus Meeting.","authors":"Merel C Verhoeff, Frank Lobbezoo, Jari Ahlberg, Steven Bender, Alessandro Bracci, Anna Colonna, Cibele Dal Fabbro, Justin Durham, Alan G Glaros, Birgitta Häggman-Henrikson, Takafumi Kato, Michail Koutris, Gilles J Lavigne, Laura Nykänen, Karen G Raphael, Peter Svensson, Mieszko Wieckiewicz, Daniele Manfredini","doi":"10.1111/joor.13985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.13985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bruxism is receiving increasing attention from both clinicians and researchers over the past decades. Recently, it has become clear that some aspects of the currently proposed, expert-driven bruxism definitions raise questions and cause confusion among clinicians, researchers, educators and patients.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this report is threefold: (1) to provide the reader with a glossary of the existing definitions, (2) to discuss frequently asked questions regarding these definitions and (3) to suggest a road map for the next steps to be taken towards a better understanding of bruxism.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A closed (invitation-only) full-day workshop at the 2024 General Session & Exhibition of the International Association for Dental, Oral and Craniofacial Research (IADR) convened international bruxism experts to discuss the current definitions. Insights from these discussions were compiled, analysed and summarised.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The present report provides a glossary of the constituent terms of the currently proposed definitions, an overview of the frequently asked questions and insights into the next steps to be taken. By current consensus and to avoid any further confusion, the addendum 'in otherwise healthy individuals' has been removed from the specific definitions of sleep and awake bruxism. In addition, the grading system's hierarchical organisation, as proposed previously, was revised and clarified, proposing the inclusion of terms based on self-reporting, clinical examination and device-based assessment tools.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To ascertain that we all use the same terminology, we recommend using the current publication when referring to the definitions of bruxism and its constituent terms.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144000238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of an Orofacial Scale for the Detection of Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnoea.","authors":"Gislaine Aparecida Folha, Fabiana Cardoso Pereira Valera, Cláudia Maria de Felício","doi":"10.1111/joor.13996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.13996","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) are known to have orofacial myofunctional disorders (OMD) compared to healthy individuals. Consequently, treatment with oropharyngeal exercises has shown promise in some OSA cases. However, this requires an adequate orofacial myofunctional evaluation.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To develop a concise and reliable scale including the most relevant items for the orofacial myofunctional evaluation of individuals with OSA. The Expanded Orofacial Myofunctional Evaluation with Scores (OMES-E) protocol was previously validated for this purpose. However, it has been criticised for its length, time-consuming nature and omission of certain items.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>Fifty adults diagnosed with OSA by polysomnography and 23 healthy adults were included. Based on the literature, additional items were incorporated into the OMES-E to enhance the evaluation (OMES-E Plus), with subsequent reliability analysis. A scale with fewer items was derived from the OMES-E Plus based on reliability and correlation analyses. Its accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were determined in a sample of 19 subjects with OSA and 19 without OSA (Control), matched for age and sex. Statistical analyses included Cronbach's alpha, item-total correlations and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The resulting new instrument, named the Orofacial Scale for Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OFSOSA), comprises 31 items. The OFSOSA demonstrated significant discriminatory ability, with an area under the curve of 0.987, sensitivity of 95.5% and specificity of 93.7%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The OFSOSA, a concise instrument for myofunctional orofacial evaluation, was developed and validated, showing excellent psychometric properties for diagnosing OMDs in OSA patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Conservative Interventions Targeting Temporomandibular Disorders for Adults With Headache Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Anthony Demont,&nbsp;Leila Benaissa,&nbsp;Laurent Pitance","doi":"10.1111/joor.13994","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joor.13994","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The efficacy of conservative interventions targeting temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in patients diagnosed with headaches has not been systematically reviewed.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To appraise the efficacy of conservative interventions targeting TMDs for adults with primary or secondary headaches.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Bibliographic searches were conducted up to September 2024 for randomised controlled trials in five databases: CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, PEDro and PubMed. Outcomes collected were frequency, intensity and duration of headache episodes, and disability. Version 2 of the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Tool and the GRADE approach were used for assessing the methodological quality and grading evidence. Results from trials with similar interventions and with similar outcome measures were pooled into separate meta-analyses.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Five trials were included. Low-certainty evidence suggests that the occlusal stabilisation appliance did not reduce headache frequency (SMD episode/week: −1.57; 95% CI: −2.86 to −0.28; 3 RCTs; &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 145) and intensity (SMD VAS: −0.24 points out of 10; 95% CI: −0.67 to 0.20; 2 RCTs; &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 85) compared to non-specific appliance therapy or no treatment at 1–3 months post-intervention. At 4–9 months post-intervention, low-certainty evidence indicates that the occlusal stabilisation appliance therapy reduced headache frequency (SMD episode/week: 1.21; 95% CI: 0.06 to 2.36; 3 RCTs; &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 145), but not headache intensity (SMD VAS: −0.51 point out of 10; 95% CI: −1.01 to −0.02; 2 RCTs; &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 85). Very low-certainty evidence suggests that overall physiotherapy interventions reduced headache intensity compared to non-specific exercises at 1–3 months post-intervention (SMD NPRS: 4.44 points out of 10; 95% CI: −0.46 to 9.34; 2 RCTs; &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 67) and at 4–9 months post-intervention (SMD NPRS: 3.92 points out of 10; 95% CI: 0.75 to 7.09; 2 RCTs; &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 67).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our results suggest that clinicians may consider combining orofacial stabilisation appliance therapy and physiotherapy interventions without certainty of their effects for the criteria assessed. The heterogeneity of the interventions assessed and the populations studied means that caution must be exercised when interpreting the results obtained.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Trial Registration&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":"52 6","pages":"937-948"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144012647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Multidirectional Chin Tuck Against Resistance Exercise on Oropharyngeal Muscles and Swallowing Function in Subacute Stroke Patients With Dysphagia: A Randomised Controlled Trial.","authors":"Ji-Su Park, Young-Seok Cho, Motoyoshi Morishita, Na-Mi Han, Tae-Hyung Yoon","doi":"10.1111/joor.13972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.13972","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The chin tuck against resistance (CTAR) exercise is a rehabilitative technique for stroke patients with dysphagia. However, related clinical evidence remains unclear, and methodological improvements in this therapy are required.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of the modified CTAR exercise on swallowing-related muscles and swallowing function in stroke patients with dysphagia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Stroke patients with dysphagia (n = 30) were randomly assigned to a multidirectional CTAR exercise group (md-CTAR exercise group) and a vertical-directional (vd-CTAR exercise group) (n = 15 per group). The md-CTAR exercise group performed exercises in the left and right diagonal and vertical directions using a prototype device. The vd-CTAR group performed only vertical exercises. Both groups performed the exercises for 5 days each week over a period of 6 weeks. Primary outcome measures included tongue strength, thickness and suprahyoid muscle activation. Secondary outcome measures included the Videofluoroscopic Dysphagia Scale (VDS) and Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) based on videofluoroscopic study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The md-CTAR group exhibited significantly higher maximal tongue strength, thickness and suprahyoid muscle activity than the vd-CTAR group (p < 0.05, all), as well as a significant decrease in the oral and pharyngeal phase of the VDS score (p = 0.048 and 0.041) and PAS compared to the vd-CTAR group (p = 0.047).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>md-CTAR exercise is more effective than vd-CTAR exercise in improving the oropharyngeal muscles and swallowing function in stroke patients with dysphagia. Therefore, the md-CTAR exercise is recommended as a modified therapeutic exercise for dysphagia rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mind-Body Correlates in Early Adolescence: Insights From Temporomandibular Disorder Pain and Somatic Symptoms.","authors":"Adrian Ujin Yap, Jonathan Wee Pin Goh, Mary Anne Heng","doi":"10.1111/joor.13981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.13981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies on temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in early adolescence have predominantly featured Western samples, with a focus on mental ill-being.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This pioneering study investigated the relationships between TMD pain, somatic symptoms, and both mental well-being and ill-being. It also examined mind-body correlates in Asian young adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants, aged 14, were enrolled in a public school. They completed a survey that included socio-demographics, the TMD Pain Screener, Patient Health Questionnaire-15, Life Goals Questionnaire, Meaning in Life Questionnaire, Child and Adolescent Social Support Scale, Satisfaction With Life Scale, and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales-21. Data were analysed using chi-square/Mann-Whitney U tests and Spearman's correlation (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 142 participants (52.8% female), 12.0% presented with TMD pain and 35.2% experienced medium-to-high somatic symptoms. Individuals with TMD pain and moderate-to-high somatic symptoms had significantly higher scores for somatic symptom burden/TMD pain, depression, anxiety and stress, while having substantially lower scores for the presence of life meaning and life satisfaction, compared to those without TMD pain and none/minimal-to-low somatic symptoms. Moderate correlations were observed between TMD pain and somatic symptoms (r_s = 0.40), as well as between somatic symptoms and depression, anxiety and stress (r_s = 0.51 to 0.57). Life satisfaction was negatively correlated with emotional distress (r_s = -0.43 to -0.61).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TMD pain was associated with somatic symptoms but not with emotional distress. The moderate relationships between somatic symptoms and depression, anxiety and stress highlight the concept of somatisation in Asian cultures, even during early adolescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143986972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supragingival Microbiota Alterations in Individuals With Sleep Bruxism: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Athénaïs Collard, Alban Mathieu, Paolo Landa, Annik Pelletier, Gilles J Lavigne, Arnaud Droit, Nelly Huynh, Vanessa P Houde","doi":"10.1111/joor.13983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.13983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sleep bruxism (SB) is an oral behaviour associated to jaw clenching or grinding of the teeth. Its aetiology is most likely multifactorial; however, recent studies suggested that SB is associated with activation of the sympathetic nervous system. Dysbiosis of the oral microbiota is linked to oral and systemic diseases. The relationship between supragingival microbiota and SB remains unexplored.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the association between SB and the composition of the supragingival microbiota.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nineteen metabolically and orally healthy subjects were recruited. After SB diagnosis, supragingival microbiota samples were collected. Microbial DNA was extracted and subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Amplicon sequence variant (ASV) analysis method was used to correlate the composition of supragingival microbiota with SB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bacterial diversity decreased in the SB group. ASV_200 (Actinomyces) and ASV_94 (Morococcus) were enriched in the SB individuals, whereas ASV_405 (Morococcus) was enriched in the controls. The role of the decreased bacterial diversity as well as the enrichment of specific ASV in the mechanism explaining the genesis of SB remain to be determined.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The differences in the composition of the supragingival microbiota may lead to the assessment of important questions in the fields of oral microbiota composition and sleep medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144026146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Time Preferences and Masticatory Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Kohei Yamaguchi, Ayane Horike, Kanako Toda, Rieko Moritoyo, Kanako Yoshimi, Kazuharu Nakagawa, Haruka Tohara","doi":"10.1111/joor.13984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.13984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Eating is fundamental to life, encompassing not only nutritional intake but also emotional, social and communicative functions. Since the global ageing population grows, assessing eating ability-related issues, particularly masticatory dysfunction, is of significance. Masticatory dysfunction impairs food absorption, elevates the risk of choking and contributes to malnutrition. Time preferences, such as time discounting and present bias, influence health behaviours and may be related to masticatory function; however, this relation remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective(s): </strong>This study aimed to investigate the association between time preference and masticatory function in community-dwelling older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional survey included older adults (≥ 65 years) participating in senior clubs in an urban area of Japan. Time preferences (time discounting and procrastination) were assessed using selected questions from the Global Preference Survey, while masticatory function was measured by the Gluco Sensor GS-II. Nutritional status was evaluated by the Mini-Nutritional Assessment-Short Form. Linear regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between time preference and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the participants (N = 65, mean age 79.1 ± 5.5 years), a significant association was found between higher time discounting tendencies and lower masticatory function (β = -19.62, p = 0.014). Procrastination was not associated with masticatory function or nutritional status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher tendencies towards time discounting were associated with lower masticatory function, suggesting that cumulative behavioural decisions might influence oral function. These findings provide a foundation for future research and interventions aimed to promote behavioural changes for improving functional outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143998659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Dental Functional Status as a Possible Risk Factor of Sarcopenia: A Computed Tomography-Based Study”","authors":"Efsun Somay","doi":"10.1111/joor.13968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.13968","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;We congratulate Gürhan and colleagues for their insightful study, which evaluated the sarcopenia status of participants using computerised tomography (CT) data and investigated the relationship between sarcopenia and functional dentition status [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. The authors assessed various parameters to evaluate functional dentition in 309 patients: (1) ≥ 1 tooth in both the maxilla and mandible; (2) ≥ 10 teeth in each dental arch; (3) the presence of 12 anterior teeth; (4) 3–4 pairs of posterior occlusal premolars (POP); and (5) ≥ 1 M POP on both sides. Additionally, the authors conducted a CT-based assessment of sarcopenia in each patient by measuring the psoas muscle area at the L3 vertebral level and Hounsfield unit radiodensity using non-contrast images. Study results revealed that 76 (24.5%) of the patients had sarcopenia. The mean numbers of teeth were 17.12 ± 8.39 and 22.24 ± 6.72 in the sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia groups (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), respectively. Furthermore, a statistically significant inverse correlation was observed between functional dentition and sarcopenia status (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). Although the study results are insightful, two concerns need to be addressed to comprehend them better.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;First, according to the updated criteria of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in the Elderly (EWGSOP-2) [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;], sarcopenia is considered probable when dynapenia (muscle strength loss) is present, and its diagnosis is confirmed when myopenia (muscle mass loss) is added to the clinical picture. EWGSOP-2 criteria also classify the condition as severe sarcopenia when the presence of kratopenia (reduced muscle contraction capacity) is established alongside dynapenia and myopenia [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. Thus, solely assessing muscle mass using radiological tools to measure the skeletal muscle index in cancer patients does not sufficiently fulfil the comprehensive criteria for diagnosing sarcopenia [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;], as done in Gürhan and colleagues' current research [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. Because using radiological myopenia as the sole determinant of sarcopenia may lead to exaggerating the actual rates, we recommend employing the term myopenia instead of sarcopenia to reflect the exact situation in such studies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;And second, specificity, often called the true negative rate, is a crucial metric that evaluates a test's ability to identify true negatives accurately [&lt;span&gt;3, 4&lt;/span&gt;]. In essence, it assesses the effectiveness of a test in classifying individuals who do not possess the condition of interest. Specifically, specificity quantifies the proportion of subjects with an actual negative outcome (true negatives + false positives) who are correctly assigned a negative result, representing only the true negatives. Therefore, the 51.3% specificity rate presented in the study by Gürhan and colleagues suggests that the ability of relative tooth numbers to distinguish sarcopenia status is markedly low, indicating a signific","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":"52 5","pages":"750-751"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/joor.13968","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}