European Journal of Immunology最新文献_第2页

Cytokine Autoantibodies Alter Gene Expression Profiles of Healthy Donors. 细胞因子自身抗体改变了健康捐献者的基因表达谱。

IF 4.5 3区医学

European Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202451211

Jakob Hjorth von Stemann, Florian Dubois, Violaine Saint-André, Vincent Bondet, Celine Posseme, Bruno Charbit, Lluis Quintana-Murci, Morten Bagge Hansen, Sisse Rye Ostrowski, Darragh Duffy

{"title":"Cytokine Autoantibodies Alter Gene Expression Profiles of Healthy Donors.","authors":"Jakob Hjorth von Stemann, Florian Dubois, Violaine Saint-André, Vincent Bondet, Celine Posseme, Bruno Charbit, Lluis Quintana-Murci, Morten Bagge Hansen, Sisse Rye Ostrowski, Darragh Duffy","doi":"10.1002/eji.202451211","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eji.202451211","url":null,"abstract":"Autoantibodies against cytokines (c-aAb) have been implicated in the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases, and a variety of infections. In addition, several independent studies have detected elevated titers of c-aAb in the circulation of healthy individuals. To further understand their impact on immune responses, we measured c-aAb against IFN-α, IFN-γ, CSF2, IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-10 in the plasma of 1000 healthy individuals of the Milieu Intérieur (MI) cohort. Focusing on donors above a defined positive cut-off we observed significant age effects for c-aAb against IL-1α, but no major environmental or lifestyle associated factors were identified. Using TruCulture stimulation data from the MI cohort, we observed a strong association between induced IL-1α and c-aAb levels after LPS stimulation. For several other stimuli, c-aAb against IL-1α and IL-10 were associated with decreased or increased proinflammatory gene expression, respectively. Finally, TruCulture assays supplemented with plasma containing high-titer c-aAb showed a strong influence of anti-IFN-α and anti-IL-6 c-aAb on both baseline and induced gene expression. In summary, this study shows a widespread prevalence of anti-cytokine autoantibodies in healthy donors with impacts on diverse immune responses, suggesting a significant contribution of c-aAb to interindividual immune heterogeneity.","PeriodicalId":165,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"e202451211"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11739679/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The VEGF-Mediated Cytoprotective Ability of MIF-Licensed Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in House Dust Mite-Induced Epithelial Damage. MIF 许可的间充质基质细胞在室尘螨诱导的上皮损伤中的血管内皮生长因子介导的细胞保护能力

IF 4.5 3区医学

European Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202451205

Hazel Dunbar, Ian J Hawthorne, Courteney Tunstead, Molly Dunlop, Evelina Volkova, Daniel J Weiss, Claudia C Dos Santos, Michelle E Armstrong, Seamas C Donnelly, Karen English

{"title":"The VEGF-Mediated Cytoprotective Ability of MIF-Licensed Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in House Dust Mite-Induced Epithelial Damage.","authors":"Hazel Dunbar, Ian J Hawthorne, Courteney Tunstead, Molly Dunlop, Evelina Volkova, Daniel J Weiss, Claudia C Dos Santos, Michelle E Armstrong, Seamas C Donnelly, Karen English","doi":"10.1002/eji.202451205","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eji.202451205","url":null,"abstract":"Enhancing mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapeutic efficacy through licensing with proinflammatory cytokines is now well established. We have previously shown that macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)-licensed MSCs exerted significantly enhanced therapeutic efficacy in reducing inflammation in house dust mite (HDM)-driven allergic asthma. Soluble mediators released into the MSC secretome boast cytoprotective properties equal to those associated with the cell itself. In asthma, epithelial barrier damage caused by the inhalation of allergens like HDM drives goblet cell hyperplasia. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a pivotal role in the repair and maintenance of airway epithelial integrity. Human bone marrow-derived MSCs expressed the MIF receptors CD74, CXCR2, and CXCR4. Endogenous MIF from high MIF expressing CATT7 bone marrow-derived macrophages increased MSC production of VEGF through the MIF CXCR4 chemokine receptor, where preincubation with CXCR4 inhibitor mitigated this effect. CATT7-MIF licensed MSC conditioned media containing increased levels of VEGF significantly enhanced bronchial epithelial wound healing via migration and proliferation in vitro. Blocking VEGFR2 or the use of mitomycin C abrogated this effect. Furthermore, CATT7-MIF MSC CM significantly decreased goblet cell hyperplasia after the HDM challenge in vivo. This was confirmed to be VEGF-dependent, as the use of anti-human VEGF neutralising antibody abrogated this effect. Overall, this study highlights that MIF-licenced MSCs show enhanced production of VEGF, which has the capacity to repair the lung epithelium.","PeriodicalId":165,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"e202451205"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11739667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of the Molecular Signature of Human Monocytes in Aging and Myelodysplastic Neoplasms. 人类单核细胞在衰老和骨髓增生异常肿瘤中的分子特征。

IF 4.5 3区医学

European Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202451387

Christina Maria Rimpa, Maria Grigoriou, Athanasios Tasis, Nikolaos Paschalidis, Anastasia Filia, Giannis Vatsellas, Panagiotis Papazoglou, Antonios Chatzigeorgiou, Chrysa Kymparidou, Menelaos Papoutselis, Christina Misidou, Theodoros Spyropoulos, Despoina Dimitriou, Haralampos Hatzikirou, Konstantinos Liapis, Eleftheria Lamprianidou, Ioannis Kotsianidis, Ioannis Mitroulis

引用次数: 0

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Participate in the Pathogenesis of Lupus Through S100A10-Mediated Regulatory T-Cell Differentiation and Functional Abnormalities. 中性粒细胞胞外陷阱通过 S100A10 介导的调节性 T 细胞分化和功能异常参与红斑狼疮的发病机制

IF 4.5 3区医学

European Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202451298

Hua Guo, Qian Liang, Zhonghui Xue, Junling Yang, Pengyu Chen, Juan Ji, Jing Li, Genkai Guo, Haixia Cao, Xiaoqi Sha, Rui Zhao, Chen Dong, Zhifeng Gu

{"title":"Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Participate in the Pathogenesis of Lupus Through S100A10-Mediated Regulatory T-Cell Differentiation and Functional Abnormalities.","authors":"Hua Guo, Qian Liang, Zhonghui Xue, Junling Yang, Pengyu Chen, Juan Ji, Jing Li, Genkai Guo, Haixia Cao, Xiaoqi Sha, Rui Zhao, Chen Dong, Zhifeng Gu","doi":"10.1002/eji.202451298","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eji.202451298","url":null,"abstract":"In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), neutrophil dysregulation and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation contribute to disease pathogenesis, potentially worsening the autoimmune response. Although research indicates NETs' involvement in various autoimmune conditions, their relationship with regulatory T cells (Tregs) in SLE remains elusive. In this study, in vivo experiments were involved in administering NET injections to C57BL/6 and MRL/Ipr mice. In vitro, a co-culture system facilitated interaction between Tregs and NETs. Proteomic analysis elucidated NET composition, while RNA sequencing delineated their impact on Treg differentiation. We demonstrated that increased NET levels correlate inversely with Treg abundance in SLE patients, influencing both their proportion and functionality. NET administration reduced Treg levels and induced lupus-like symptoms in C57BL/6 mice, exacerbating symptoms in MRL/Ipr mice. DNase I treatment mitigated NET effects, restoring Treg levels and alleviating symptoms. RNA sequencing revealed altered gene expression in naïve CD4+ T cells exposed to NETs. Additionally, proteomic analysis showed S100A10 protein changes between SLE patients and healthy controls, hindering Treg differentiation. NETs influence TLR-4 of naïve CD4+ T cells via S100A10, thereby modulating Treg proportion and functionality. These findings highlight the critical role of NETs in Treg differentiation in SLE, suggesting that targeting NETs may provide a novel therapeutic approach.","PeriodicalId":165,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"e202451298"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neural Crest-Derived Mesenchymal Cells Support Thymic Reconstitution After Lethal Irradiation. 神经冠衍生间充质细胞支持致命照射后胸腺的重建

IF 4.5 3区医学

European Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202451305

Doris Narki Tetteh, Kana Isono, Mari Hikosaka-Kuniishi, Hidetoshi Yamazaki

{"title":"Neural Crest-Derived Mesenchymal Cells Support Thymic Reconstitution After Lethal Irradiation.","authors":"Doris Narki Tetteh, Kana Isono, Mari Hikosaka-Kuniishi, Hidetoshi Yamazaki","doi":"10.1002/eji.202451305","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eji.202451305","url":null,"abstract":"Reconstitution of the thymus is essential for assessing thymic function following injury. However, the currently employed cytoreductive regimes unvaryingly affect the thymic microenvironment, thereby impeding the recovery of T lymphopoiesis. The thymic stroma is composed of epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Thymic mesenchymal cells originate from the Neural crest (NC) and mesoderm and contribute to thymus organogenesis, yet their role in thymic regeneration is unclear. In this study, using transgenic mice expressing NC-specific Cre and Cre-driven DT receptors, we investigated the role of NC-derived mesenchymal cells in thymic regeneration following total body irradiation. We revealed that NC-derived mesenchymal cells have reduced susceptibility to irradiation and induce the upregulation of hematopoietic factors that promote thymus regeneration after irradiation. Additionally, using adult thymic organ culture and renal capsule transplantation, depletion of NC-derived mesenchymal cells resulted in a reduction of DN1-like early T-cell progenitors (ETP) and impaired thymic regeneration. Furthermore, among the numerous factors upregulated by NC-derived mesenchymal cells, Periostin and Flt3L were markedly increased after irradiation and promoted abundance of DN1-like ETPs during thymic reconstitution. Collectively, these findings highlight the importance of NC-derived mesenchymal cells in thymic regeneration.","PeriodicalId":165,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"e202451305"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11739676/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of Human CD8αβ Interaction With Classical and Unconventional MHC Molecules. 人CD8αβ与经典和非常规MHC分子相互作用的表征

IF 4.5 3区医学

European Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202451230

Ben de Wet, Robert Alan Simmons, Richard J Suckling, Rita Szoke-Kovacs, Salah Mansour, Marco Lepore, David K Cole, Jakub Jaworski, Alexandra L Chapman, Milos Aleksic

{"title":"Characterization of Human CD8αβ Interaction With Classical and Unconventional MHC Molecules.","authors":"Ben de Wet, Robert Alan Simmons, Richard J Suckling, Rita Szoke-Kovacs, Salah Mansour, Marco Lepore, David K Cole, Jakub Jaworski, Alexandra L Chapman, Milos Aleksic","doi":"10.1002/eji.202451230","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eji.202451230","url":null,"abstract":"The CD8 co-receptor exists as both an αα homodimer, expressed on subsets of specialized lymphoid cells, and as an αβ heterodimer, which is the canonical co-receptor on cytotoxic T-cells, tuning TCR thymic selection and antigen-reactivity in the periphery. However, the biophysical parameters governing human CD8αβ interactions with classical MHC class I (MHCI) and unconventional MHC-like molecules have not been determined. Using hetero-dimerized Fc-fusions to generate soluble human CD8αβ, we demonstrate similar weak binding affinity to multiple different MHCI alleles compared with CD8αα. We observed that both forms of CD8 bound to certain alleles with stronger affinity than others and found that the affinity of thymically selected TCRs was inversely associated with the affinity of the CD8 co-receptor for the different alleles. We further demonstrated the binding of CD8αα and CD8αβ to the unconventional MHC-like molecule, MHCI-related protein 1, with a similar affinity as for classical MHCI, but no interaction was observed for the other unconventional MHC-like molecules, CD1a, b, c, or d. In summary, this is the first characterization of human CD8αβ binding to MHCI and MHC-like molecules that revealed an intriguing relationship between CD8 binding affinity for different MHCI alleles and the selection of TCRs in the thymus.","PeriodicalId":165,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"e202451230"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11739670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Increased Phosphorylation of Intracellular Signaling Molecules Indicates Continuous Activation of Human Autoreactive B-Cells. 细胞内信号分子磷酸化的增加表明人类自身反应性b细胞的持续激活。

IF 4.5 3区医学

European Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202451361

Sanne Kroos, Nienke J Blomberg, Joanneke C Kwekkeboom, Rudi W Hendriks, Odilia B J Corneth, René E M Toes, Hans U Scherer

{"title":"Increased Phosphorylation of Intracellular Signaling Molecules Indicates Continuous Activation of Human Autoreactive B-Cells.","authors":"Sanne Kroos, Nienke J Blomberg, Joanneke C Kwekkeboom, Rudi W Hendriks, Odilia B J Corneth, René E M Toes, Hans U Scherer","doi":"10.1002/eji.202451361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.202451361","url":null,"abstract":"Many human autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are hallmarked by the presence and persistence of autoreactive B-cells. While autoreactive B-cells may frequently encounter antigens, the signals required to balance and maintain their activation and survival are mostly unknown. Understanding such signals may be important for strategies aimed at eliminating human B-cell autoreactivity. Here, we assessed intracellular signaling pathways in B cells targeting citrullinated protein antigens isolated from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a common and well-characterized AID. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 15 RA patients positive for anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) were analyzed directly ex vivo using spectral flow cytometry and B-cell differentiation markers, citrullinated antigen-biotin-streptavidin tetramers, and intracellular (phosphoflow) markers. Tetanus toxoid (TT)-specific B cells served as antigen-specific comparators. In absence of any in vitro BCR stimulation, ACPA-expressing memory B cells (MBCs) displayed enhanced expression of Ki-67 and increased SYK-, BTK-, AKT-, and S6-phosphorylation compared with TT-specific MBCs. We demonstrate the simultaneous detection of B cell antigen-specificity and intracellular protein phosphorylation on the single-cell level. The data reveal that autoreactive B-cells in RA, in contrast to B cells against recall antigens, display enhanced phosphorylation of signaling molecules that point toward continuous, presumably antigen-mediated activation of the autoreactive B-cell compartment.","PeriodicalId":165,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Immunology","volume":"55 1","pages":"e202451361"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11739663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142996975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distinct Requirements for CD4⁺ T Cell Help for Immune Responses Induced by mRNA and Adenovirus-Vector SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines. mRNA 和腺病毒载体 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗诱导的免疫应答对 CD4+ T 细胞帮助的不同要求

IF 4.5 3区医学

European Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202451142

Lyn Yong, Claire Hutchings, Eleanor Barnes, Paul Klenerman, Nicholas M Provine

{"title":"Distinct Requirements for CD4+ T Cell Help for Immune Responses Induced by mRNA and Adenovirus-Vector SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines.","authors":"Lyn Yong, Claire Hutchings, Eleanor Barnes, Paul Klenerman, Nicholas M Provine","doi":"10.1002/eji.202451142","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eji.202451142","url":null,"abstract":"CD4+ T cells have been established as central orchestrators of cellular and humoral immune responses to infection or vaccination. However, the need for CD4+ T cell help to generate primary CD8+ T cell responses is variable depending on the infectious agent or vaccine and yet consistently required for the recall of CD8+ T cell memory responses or antibody responses. Given the deployment of new vaccine platforms such as nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccines, we sought to elucidate the requirement for CD4+ T cell help in the induction of cellular and antibody responses to mRNA and adenovirus (Ad)-vectored vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Using antibody-mediated depletion of CD4+ T cells in a mouse immunization model, we observed that CD4+ T cell help was dispensable for both primary and secondary CD8+ T cell responses to the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 mRNA vaccines but required for the AZD1222 Ad-vectored vaccine. Nonetheless, CD4+ T cell help was needed by both mRNA and Ad-vectored vaccine platforms for the generation of antibodies, demonstrating the centrality of CD4+ T cells in vaccine-induced protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Ultimately, this highlights the shared and distinct regulation of humoral and cellular responses induced by these vaccine platforms.","PeriodicalId":165,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"e202451142"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11739681/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Crafting an MSCA PhD Masterpiece: Guiding Students on the Verge of Discovery. 打造 MSCA 博士杰作：指导学生走向发现的边缘。

IF 4.5 3区医学

European Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202451659

Lisa Dratva, Alice Driessen, Igor Filippov, Stéphane Guillaume, Lisa Hoenicke, Jean-Christophe Lone

引用次数: 0

Function and Spatial Organization of Tumor-Invasive Human γδ T Cells-What Do We Know? 肿瘤侵袭性人γδ T细胞的功能和空间组织——我们知道些什么？

IF 4.5 3区医学

European Journal of Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202451075

Kilian Wistuba-Hamprecht, Hans-Heinrich Oberg, Daniela Wesch

{"title":"Function and Spatial Organization of Tumor-Invasive Human γδ T Cells-What Do We Know?","authors":"Kilian Wistuba-Hamprecht, Hans-Heinrich Oberg, Daniela Wesch","doi":"10.1002/eji.202451075","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eji.202451075","url":null,"abstract":"Human gammadelta (γδ) T cells not only infiltrate or reside in healthy tissues but also enter solid cancers. A large body of evidence suggests that γδ T cells can exert potent anti-tumor effects, although conflicting or unfavorable effects have been reported in some cancer entities. Infiltration patterns are key to understanding the complexity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and its interplay with γδ T cells. The limited data available describe different γδ T cell subsets that are located in different areas around and within tumors. Tumor-infiltrating γδ lymphocytes (γδ TIL) exert cytotoxicity, for example, via the CD95- or TRAIL-axis, produce high amounts of granzymes, and after their activation, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α or IFN-γ and express immune checkpoint receptors. Under certain conditions, γδ T cell subsets can express low amounts of IL-17 and seem to contribute to immune regulation/suppression. A polarization of γδ T cells can be influenced by the TME. Inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, or tumor promoters can suppress γδ T cell functionality or even push them toward tumor promotion. To avoid this and to exploit the unique features of γδ T cell-mediated anti-cancer and immune-orchestrating capabilities in future immune therapy approaches, a growing body of preclinical but also clinical studies can be observed.","PeriodicalId":165,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"e202451075"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11739682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0