{"title":"肿瘤坏死因子的产生或TNFR2的表达在肿瘤和慢性炎症中协同Treg扩增的调节性T细胞的不同状态","authors":"Gloria Tucci, Ilenia Pacella, Alessandra Pinzon Grimaldos, Alessandra Rossi, Ilenia Cammarata, Marta Zagaglioni, Giovanna Peruzzi, Valentina Tirelli, Massimo Sanchez, Giuseppe Pietropaolo, Francesca Sozio, Annalisa Del Prete, Valerio Licursi, Vincenzo Barnaba, Silvia Piconese","doi":"10.1002/eji.70062","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>TNF is a pleiotropic cytokine with immunomodulatory functions mediated by its interaction with the receptor TNFR2, highly expressed by Tregs. However, Tregs can also produce TNF, and an autocrine TNF-TNFR2 loop has been proposed. Here, we describe that both human and mouse Tregs produce TNF in physiological conditions, in several mouse organs, and in mouse models of chronic inflammation and cancer. However, TNF production and TNFR2 expression are differentially distributed: indeed, TNFR2<sup>+</sup> and TNFR2<sup>−</sup> Treg subsets are, respectively, poor and strong TNF producers. The two subsets of TNFR2<sup>+</sup> and TNFR2<sup>−</sup> Tregs partially maintain their different ability to produce TNF when separately stimulated ex vivo. However, when cocultured, the TNFR2<sup>+</sup> cells greatly outnumber the TNFR2<sup>−</sup> counterpart and induce in TNFR2<sup>−</sup> cells the upregulation of Foxp3 and TNFR2, in association with the transfer of cytoplasmic material. Functionally, TNFR2<sup>+</sup> Tregs display superior suppressive activity and survival in vitro, both related to an improved resistance to oxidative stress. Overall, our data indicate that Tregs exist in two states, respectively committed to TNF production or TNF sensing through TNFR2, which cooperate in promoting the suppressive function of the whole Treg pool.</p>","PeriodicalId":165,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Immunology","volume":"55 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eji.70062","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"TNF Production or TNFR2 Expression Characterize Distinct States of Regulatory T Cells that Cooperate in Treg Expansion in Cancer and Chronic Inflammation\",\"authors\":\"Gloria Tucci, Ilenia Pacella, Alessandra Pinzon Grimaldos, Alessandra Rossi, Ilenia Cammarata, Marta Zagaglioni, Giovanna Peruzzi, Valentina Tirelli, Massimo Sanchez, Giuseppe Pietropaolo, Francesca Sozio, Annalisa Del Prete, Valerio Licursi, Vincenzo Barnaba, Silvia Piconese\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/eji.70062\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>TNF is a pleiotropic cytokine with immunomodulatory functions mediated by its interaction with the receptor TNFR2, highly expressed by Tregs. However, Tregs can also produce TNF, and an autocrine TNF-TNFR2 loop has been proposed. Here, we describe that both human and mouse Tregs produce TNF in physiological conditions, in several mouse organs, and in mouse models of chronic inflammation and cancer. However, TNF production and TNFR2 expression are differentially distributed: indeed, TNFR2<sup>+</sup> and TNFR2<sup>−</sup> Treg subsets are, respectively, poor and strong TNF producers. The two subsets of TNFR2<sup>+</sup> and TNFR2<sup>−</sup> Tregs partially maintain their different ability to produce TNF when separately stimulated ex vivo. However, when cocultured, the TNFR2<sup>+</sup> cells greatly outnumber the TNFR2<sup>−</sup> counterpart and induce in TNFR2<sup>−</sup> cells the upregulation of Foxp3 and TNFR2, in association with the transfer of cytoplasmic material. Functionally, TNFR2<sup>+</sup> Tregs display superior suppressive activity and survival in vitro, both related to an improved resistance to oxidative stress. Overall, our data indicate that Tregs exist in two states, respectively committed to TNF production or TNF sensing through TNFR2, which cooperate in promoting the suppressive function of the whole Treg pool.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":165,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"European Journal of Immunology\",\"volume\":\"55 9\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-21\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eji.70062\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"European Journal of Immunology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/eji.70062\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"IMMUNOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"European Journal of Immunology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/eji.70062","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"IMMUNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
TNF Production or TNFR2 Expression Characterize Distinct States of Regulatory T Cells that Cooperate in Treg Expansion in Cancer and Chronic Inflammation
TNF is a pleiotropic cytokine with immunomodulatory functions mediated by its interaction with the receptor TNFR2, highly expressed by Tregs. However, Tregs can also produce TNF, and an autocrine TNF-TNFR2 loop has been proposed. Here, we describe that both human and mouse Tregs produce TNF in physiological conditions, in several mouse organs, and in mouse models of chronic inflammation and cancer. However, TNF production and TNFR2 expression are differentially distributed: indeed, TNFR2+ and TNFR2− Treg subsets are, respectively, poor and strong TNF producers. The two subsets of TNFR2+ and TNFR2− Tregs partially maintain their different ability to produce TNF when separately stimulated ex vivo. However, when cocultured, the TNFR2+ cells greatly outnumber the TNFR2− counterpart and induce in TNFR2− cells the upregulation of Foxp3 and TNFR2, in association with the transfer of cytoplasmic material. Functionally, TNFR2+ Tregs display superior suppressive activity and survival in vitro, both related to an improved resistance to oxidative stress. Overall, our data indicate that Tregs exist in two states, respectively committed to TNF production or TNF sensing through TNFR2, which cooperate in promoting the suppressive function of the whole Treg pool.
期刊介绍:
The European Journal of Immunology (EJI) is an official journal of EFIS. Established in 1971, EJI continues to serve the needs of the global immunology community covering basic, translational and clinical research, ranging from adaptive and innate immunity through to vaccines and immunotherapy, cancer, autoimmunity, allergy and more. Mechanistic insights and thought-provoking immunological findings are of interest, as are studies using the latest omics technologies. We offer fast track review for competitive situations, including recently scooped papers, format free submission, transparent and fair peer review and more as detailed in our policies.