Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences最新文献

{"title":"Relationship Between Minor Developmental Physical Anomalies and Delirium Among Geriatric Inpatients.","authors":"Jose G Franco, Paula T Trzepacz, María M Villa, Marcela Alviz, Maria C González, María Botero, María V Ocampo, Juan D Velásquez-Tirado","doi":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20240210","DOIUrl":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20240210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The authors aimed to evaluate the relationships of minor physical anomalies (MPAs) of the head and limb with delirium among geriatric inpatients, in order to determine the potential of MPAs as markers of delirium's underlying neuropathogenesis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 311 consecutively admitted general medical inpatients without dementia, ages ≥60 years, were assessed with the Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98, Delirium Frontal Index (DFI), and Waldrop Developmental Anomalies Tool instruments. Multivariate logistic regression and point-biserial correlations were used to analyze the relationships between delirium and MPAs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 275 (88%) study participants were in the nondelirium group, and 36 (12%) were in the delirium group. Small head circumference was the most common MPA (22%), followed by curved fifth digit (7%). These two MPAs were significantly more frequent in the group with delirium (OR=2.31 and OR=5.25, respectively), as was presence of at least one MPA (OR=2.55). Multivariate models that controlled for age and medical burden revealed even stronger relationships between MPAs and delirium (head MPA, OR=2.62; hand MPA, OR=7.23; and any MPA, OR=3.38). MPA and DFI score were significantly correlated with delirium severity but not with each other. Small head circumference and curved fifth digit rarely co-occurred (8%) in the delirium group and had different patterns of correlation with delirium characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The association of limb and head MPAs with delirium suggests that early developmental aberrations can affect neurological structures related to consciousness that reduce the threshold for delirium during inpatient hospitalization in later life. Specific neurological pathways need further delineation, although frontal regions were not implicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":16559,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"188-193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Preexisting Psychotic and Bipolar Disorders on the Outcomes of Acutely Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19.","authors":"Mojtaba Sharafkhah, Nozhan Alimi, Zeinab Haghighi Fini, Roohollah Saranjam, Ali Massoudifar","doi":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20240033","DOIUrl":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20240033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>COVID-19 outcomes are often worse among patients with preexisting conditions. The authors assessed the impact of preexisting psychotic and bipolar disorders (PsBPs) on COVID-19 outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted with COVID-19 patients admitted to three medical centers between April 20, 2020, and October 20, 2023. Patients were grouped into individuals with PsBPs (i.e., schizophrenia, other psychotic disorders, and bipolar disorders) and those with no psychiatric disorders (NPDs), defined as individuals without preexisting conditions such as nonpsychotic depression or anxiety. Data on demographic characteristics, clinical features, and COVID-19 severity were collected. The primary outcome was COVID-19 in-hospital mortality rate, and the secondary outcome was the association of PsBPs with COVID-19 severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 7,370 hospitalized COVID-19 patients (43.7% female; mean age=42.7 years), 12.2% had a PsBP. Patients with PsBPs had higher intensive care unit (ICU) admission rates (44.5% vs. 21.8%, p=0.003) and mortality rates (39.2% vs. 23.8%, p=0.045). Time intervals to ICU admission (7.3 vs. 8.2 days, p=0.001) and in-hospital death (8.0 vs. 12.2 days, p=0.001) were significantly shorter in the PsBP group, compared with the NPD group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>COVID-19 patients with PsBPs had worse outcomes, including higher ICU admission and mortality rates, and greater disease severity. These findings highlight the importance of early detection and tailored interventions for this vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":16559,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"163-169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supratherapeutic Memantine for the Treatment of Catatonia in Schizophrenia: A Case Report and Discussion.","authors":"Katharine Cioe, Irina Chernyshkova, Shamik Mukherji, Xavier F Jimenez","doi":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20250040","DOIUrl":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20250040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16559,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"201-204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147467971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personality Profiles Among People With Functional Motor Disorders.","authors":"Sofia Cuoco, Veronica Nisticò, Rossella Bisogno, Roberta Tedesco, Marco Aiello, Cristina Civilotti, Paolo Barone, Benedetta Demartini, Roberto Erro","doi":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20250021","DOIUrl":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20250021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Although psychological issues are not diagnostic criteria for functional neurological disorder (FND), they often occur among individuals with FND, especially among those with functional seizures. However, corresponding findings for individuals with functional motor disorder (FMD) are inconclusive.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty individuals with FMD and 30 age-, education-, and sex-matched healthy control (HC) individuals completed the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2. The authors used the test's 10 basic clinical scales and its 15 content scales along with their subscales to explore the participants' personality profiles. After logarithmic data transformation, parametric tests were performed to compare the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with FMD had significantly higher scores than those in the HC group on the following basic clinical scales: hypochondriasis, depression, hysteria, psychopathic deviance, paranoia, psychasthenia, and schizophrenia (p<0.005). Compared with participants in the HC group, a higher proportion of those with FMD surpassed the cutoff score for the hypochondriasis, depression, hysteria, paranoia, and schizophrenia scales. Individuals with FMD showed a specific personality pattern, the \"passive-aggressive valley,\" characterized by high scores on the psychopathic deviance and paranoia scales and low scores on the masculinity-femininity scale. Individuals with FMD had higher scores than those in the HC group on anxiety, obsessiveness, depression, health concerns, low self-esteem, and work interference scales (p<0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Individuals with FMD had significantly higher impairments in emotional-cognitive functioning compared with HC individuals, characterized by excessive attention to somatic sensations, poor emotional insight, and cognitive inflexibility, associated with personality features of susceptibility, misperception of threats, unexpressed anger, and behaviors indicating unmet emotional needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16559,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"248-255"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catatonia-Related Clinical Challenges in Neurological and Neurodevelopmental Conditions.","authors":"Inder Kalra, Khyati Brahmbhatt, Soumya Sivaraman, Anna Shapiro-Krew, Avneet Soin, Mark A Oldham","doi":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20250044","DOIUrl":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20250044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Catatonia is a neuropsychiatric syndrome that can occur in association with psychiatric conditions, general medical disorders, or use of psychoactive substances. Roughly 20% of catatonia cases are due to general medical conditions, two-thirds of which are neurological conditions. The authors aimed to review the diagnostic and treatment challenges posed by catatonia due to neurological conditions, including neurodevelopmental disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The authors considered the diagnostic and treatment challenges of catatonia in three areas: neurodevelopmental disorders, with a focus on autism spectrum disorder; acquired neurological disorders of epilepsy, anti-<i>N</i>-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis, and neuropsychiatric disorders due to traumatic brain injury; and the neurocognitive conditions delirium and dementia. One consideration was how clinicians might differentiate features of catatonia from common neurological findings in these conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Many of catatonia's features overlap with those in neurological conditions and vice versa. This overlap often leads to underdiagnosis of catatonia, misdiagnosis, or diagnostic uncertainty, which may introduce clinical conundrums and make accurate identification of catatonia clinically important, with potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Accurate diagnosis of catatonia is necessary to ensure timely workup and clinical management. The challenges reviewed here emphasize the importance of a collaborative and multidisciplinary approach to managing catatonia in neurological and psychiatric settings. Additional research is needed to understand the complex relationship between catatonia and neurological conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16559,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"401-409"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146046836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Psychiatric Disorders in Year 1 of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.","authors":"Emily A Troyer, Wenjing Meng, Michael Cheng, Everett L Delfel, Florin Vaida, Xia Yang, Joanna Jacobus, Emily L Dennis, Elisabeth A Wilde, Tracy Abildskov, John R Hesselink, Erin D Bigler, Jeffrey E Max","doi":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20250090","DOIUrl":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20250090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a major public health concern. New psychiatric disorders (NPDs) can arise after mTBI, yet postinjury NPDs in nonclinical samples remain poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>NPDs were prospectively characterized for youths ages 9-11 years who experienced an mTBI in their first year of participation in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study, compared with control groups of orthopedically injured and noninjured individuals; a broad set of preinjury factors was accounted for in analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between baseline (ages 9-10) and year 1 (ages 10-11), 135 youths had an mTBI, with 110 incurring a first lifetime mTBI. The prevalence of NPDs at the year-1 study visit was comparable among the injury groups, and mTBI did not predict NPDs at year 1. Preinjury psychiatric diagnoses significantly predicted NPDs (NPD-current [NPD-C] group: OR=2.18, 95% CI=1.30-3.61, p=0.003; NPD-any [NPD-A] group: OR=1.70, 95% CI=1.16-2.52, p=0.006), and self-reported Hispanic ethnicity was associated with lower odds of NPDs at year 1 (NPD-C group: OR=0.19, 95% CI=0.03-0.78, p=0.018; NPD-A group: OR=0.57, 95% CI=0.31-0.98, p=0.043).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that for nonclinically selected youths with mTBI, in the first year after late childhood injury, mTBI is not associated with differential odds of NPDs. Preinjury psychiatric history predicted NPDs, and self-reported Hispanic ethnicity predicted lower odds of NPDs at year 1. Future studies are needed to further characterize psychiatric sequelae after pediatric mTBI across adolescence to identify risk and protective factors for targeted prevention and intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16559,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"341-349"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13116596/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147463582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Study 10: A 51-Year-Old Man With Psychosis, Decline in Self-Care, and Cognitive Deterioration.","authors":"Matthew Castellana, Geoffrey Raynor, Barbara Schildkrout, Scott M McGinnis, Cassie MacRae, Marshall Lukacs, Michael B Miller, Mel B Feany, David A Silbersweig, Kirk R Daffner, Seth A Gale","doi":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20250048","DOIUrl":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20250048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16559,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"5-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145033563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Neurological Disorder: State-of-the-Art Advances Published in the <i>Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences</i>.","authors":"Caitlin Adams, Chadrick E Lane, David L Perez, David B Arciniegas","doi":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20263802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20263802","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16559,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":"38 2","pages":"209-211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147698867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased Prevalence of an Oxytocin Receptor Gene Variant in Functional Neurological Disorder: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Samantha Weber, Lucía Trinidad Rey Álvarez, Natascha Stoffel, Juan Ansede-Bermejo, Raquel Cruz, Álvaro Del Real Bolt, Janine Bühler, Ángel Carracedo, Selma Aybek","doi":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20250031","DOIUrl":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20250031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-five patients with mixed FND symptoms and 76 healthy control (HC) individuals were genotyped for 10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in seven genes associated with the brain's stress response system. For genetic variants that were found to be linked to FND, associations with structural brain alterations were investigated by using a region-of-interest approach in a subset of FND patients with complete genotyping and neuroimaging data (N=82). Regions had been previously selected on the basis of their biological involvement and being a factor in vulnerability to FND.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant association between FND and a SNP, rs53576, in the oxytocin receptor (<i>OXTR</i>) gene was observed, and a significant association between decreased right insular volumes and rs53576 was also identified. Among female FND patients (N=60), the rs53576 SNP in <i>OXTR</i> was associated with significantly reduced bilateral amygdalar volume.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These preliminary results suggest that genetic factors in the oxytocinergic system and sex-specific structural changes in the insula and amygdala contribute to vulnerability to FND. Because oxytocin is a regulatory factor in stress responses, decreased activity of some FND-associated <i>OXTR</i> gene variants might affect stress responses and regulation in FND in a sex-dependent manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":16559,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"283-288"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers, Biosensors, and Wearables: Overview of Current Uses in Medicine and Challenges for Application to Mental Health.","authors":"Wilfredo López-Ojeda, Robin A Hurley","doi":"10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20260183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20260183","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16559,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":"38 4","pages":"310-315"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}