Journal of Nanomedicine Research最新文献

{"title":"Recent Developments in Nanomedicine Research","authors":"A. Fymat","doi":"10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00096","url":null,"abstract":"J Nanomed Res 2016, 4(4): 00096 Institute; NCL: Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory; NIH: (US) National Institutes of Health; NIST: (US) National Institute of Standards and Technology; NO: Nitric Oxide; NOS: Nitric Oxide Synthase; OPN: Osteopontin; OS: Oxidative Stress; PDT: PhotoDynamic Therapy; PIA-CCNR: Pathways to IndependenceConsortium Cancer Nanotechnology Research; PMIL: Photo activable Multi-Inhibitor Liposome; PS-OCP: Physical SciencesOncology Centers Program; QD: Quantum Dot; QRP: Quantitative Redox Proteomics; ROS: Reactive Oxygen Species; RSNO: NOdonating S-nitrosothiols; TPT: Targeting Photo thermal Therapy; UV: Ultraviolet Light","PeriodicalId":16465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine Research","volume":"30 5 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74607089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano-Communication Propagation Channel Model Using Flow and Diffusion","authors":"A. Azari, S. K. S. Sahbari, A. Fahim","doi":"10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00095","url":null,"abstract":"Inspired by biological communication systems, nano-communication in particular molecular communication has been proposed as a viable scheme to communicate between nano-sized devices separated by a very short distance. Here, molecules are released by the transmitter into the medium, which are then sensed by the receiver .Thus, this has necessitated the research on the potential applications of nanotechnology in a wide range of nano-networking areas. Nano-networking is a new type of networking which can also be applied to the communication theory. In this paper, a well justified channel propagation model for flow-based nano-characteristic communication channel is considered. The signal propagation model based on the advection and diffusion processes is analyzed. Furthermore, a sound mathematical justification for the linearity and time-variance properties of flow and diffusion based nano-communication channel model is investigated.","PeriodicalId":16465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine Research","volume":"110 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80606024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On-Chip Drug Screening and Nanomedicine Applications via (L)SPR","authors":"Nida Demirçak, Ahu Arslan Yildiz","doi":"10.15406/JNMR.2016.4.00094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JNMR.2016.4.00094","url":null,"abstract":"Microfluidic lab-on-a-chip tools have been emerged in recent years as next generation nanomedicine and drug screening platforms. Plasmonic microfluidic systems have shown promising progress over the past years to identify potential drug candidates. These systems allow the study of drug interactions at molecular and cellular level while facilitating fast, sensitive and label-free detection. We foresee that the advancements in Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) coupled microfluidic systems will be an easy to use and cost-effective alternative to identify potential drug candidates for drug development process.","PeriodicalId":16465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78912035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obtainment and Study of the Toxicity of Perillyl Alcohol Nanoemulsion on Zebrafish (Danio rerio)","authors":"G. C. Souza, J. L. Duarte, C. Fern, Es, Josu e Arturo Vel azquez Moyado, A. Navarrete, J. Carvalho","doi":"10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00093","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Perillyl alcohol (POH) is a hydroxylated monocyclic monoterpene found in lemon and lavender essential oils, among others. It’s widely recognized by antitumoral activity. Despite the great potential of nanoformulations for pharmaceutics, to the date the obtainment a perillyl alcohol-nanoemulsion (NPOH) and its toxicity investigation were not previously reported. On this context, the present study aim to evaluate the toxicity of NPOH on zebrafish (Danio rerio). Lethal concentration (LC50), effects on behaviour and acute administrations effects (48h) on histopathological parameters of the gills, liver and kidneys were performed. \u0000 \u0000 Results: Exposure to different concentrations of NPOH (25, 35, 50 e 125 µg/L - expressed as POH content) allowed determination of LC50= 33.4 µg/L. Moreover, NPOH at 50 and 125 µg/L induced 100% of mortality, in addition the alterations of behavior. NPOH at 25 and 35 µg/L induced higher damage to gills tissue when compared to remaining concentrations and control group (surfactant at 125 µg/L) (p < 0.001, p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, Anova, Tukey-Kramer test). NPOH at 25, 35 e 50 µg/L induced significative damage to liver tissue, when compared to control (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05). No significant histopathological alterations were observed in kidneys. Thus, our results suggest that NPOH present toxicity pattern in accordance to nanoformulations and xenobiotics.","PeriodicalId":16465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine Research","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86263182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemo-bio Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles","authors":"Jagpreet Singh, Rajat Bajaj, H. Kaur, Harjot Kaur, N. Kaur, S. Kaur, Mohit Rawat","doi":"10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00092","url":null,"abstract":"Silver nanoparticles have a lot of ways of synthesis like physical and chemical methods; some of these methods use a lot of chemical substances and are very hazardous for humans and environment, so a novel, great, environmental friendly, cheap and easy to use world of green chemistry has been used. A number of characterization techniques such as UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction study and scanning electron microscopy revealed that silver nanoparticles have been used. Thus the different response of the functional groups and the difference in the peaks and UV-visible data was studied and then compared to understand and know the way these different reducing agents react to the same starting material. The green synthesis had a UV-visible peak at 446 nm while the one with chemical synthesis had a peak at 395 nm. FTIR results of silver nanoparticles synthesis by trisodium citrate (TSC) showed a peak at 1505 cm-1 which shows that the compound has a stretching of the -C=C – bond. In another case, which was done by using Sodium borohydride (NaBH4) a peak at 1695 cm-1 showed a –C=O- bond indicating stretching and a weak absorption intensity. Another peak was present which indicates a –O-H bond formation and presence which is a strong bond are found to exist. A notable peak came for synthesis by orange peel at 1517 cm-1 which represents a –C=C- bond stretching as in aromatic compounds. Another peak at 1732 cm-1 indicates the –C=O- bond. The XRD results on one of the silver sample prepared by green methods showed silver nanomaterials formed which had a average particle size of around 42 nm. FE-SEM results revealed that silver nanomaterials were formed and had a flake like appearance in one of the results. All the overall comparison showed that different modes of synthesis of silver nanomaterials and different reducing agents give same materials but with different peaks and intensities. All this data provided knowledge about the fact that an alternative method can be used to create new nanoparticles if one of the previously considered to tried method fails thus helping in extending the broadways for research.","PeriodicalId":16465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82988715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Nonrelativistic Investigation for Interactions in One-Electron Atoms With Modified Inverse-Square Potential: Noncommutative Two and Three Dimensional Space Phase Solutions at Planck’s and Nano-Scales","authors":"A. Maireche","doi":"10.15406/JNMR.2016.4.00090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JNMR.2016.4.00090","url":null,"abstract":"It is well-known, that, the modern quantum mechanics, satisfied a big successful in the last few years, for describing atoms, nuclei, and molecules and their spectral behaviors based on three fundamental equations: Schrödinger, Klein-Gordon and Dirac. Schrödinger equation rest the first and the latest in terms of interest, it is playing a crucial role in devising well-behaved physical models in different fields of physics and chemists, many potentials are treated within the framework of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics based on this equation in two, three and D generalized spaces [1-30], the quantum structure based to the ordinary canonical commutations relations (CCRs) in both Schrödinger and Heisenberg (the operators are depended on time) pictures (CCRs), respectively, as:","PeriodicalId":16465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84396211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesoporous Materials in Drug Delivery","authors":"N. A. Aval","doi":"10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00091","url":null,"abstract":"As discussed formerly, pore size is very determinative in adsorption of drug molecules inside the mesoporous structure. The size of porosity can be changed in a broad range (2-50 nm) with altering the chain length of polymeric micelles which make the mesostructured appropriate for delivery of different size of bioactive molecules concluding small drug molecules and large proteins [7]. The size of pores is determinant not only on adsorption of diverse drug molecules but also on the rate of release [8]. Vallet-Regi and co-workers [9] synthesized two silica mesoporous structure (MCM-41 and SBA-15) with different surface area in application as a vehicle for alendronate as drug model in which the one with higher surface yielded to more loading efficacy. Some efforts have been done to have a controlled release of drug such as surface functionalization with chemical groups resulted in strong bindings with drug molecules and a controlled rate in release [10]. As illustrated by Song and co-workers [11], functionalization of MCM-41 and SBA-15 with amino groups was a very operative method in controlling the release rate of ibuprofen. In this research, the ionic binding between carboxyl groups of ibuprofen and amino groups of functionalized surface of mesopores has a very effective impact on controlled release. Another method in controlling the rate of release is functionalization of surface with hydrophobic groups. Some researchers [12] functionalized the surface of SBA-15 with hydrophobic groups like octyl and octadecyl resulted in declining the pore size and hydrophilicity of the surface, the parameters which are so effective in controlling the release rate of erythromycin as a drug model.","PeriodicalId":16465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine Research","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77689386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Nano-Biology with Atomic Force Microscopy","authors":"K. Takeyasu, Katashi Deguchi, Jamie L. Gilmore, J. Hejna","doi":"10.15406/jnmr.2016.04.00089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jnmr.2016.04.00089","url":null,"abstract":"The first observation of double-stranded DNA by atomic force microscopy in the late 1980’s greatly encouraged many biological researchers to jump into the nano-world. Here we briefly review the history of how AFM has been utilized to reveal nanometer-scale structures of DNA-protein complexes, and we highlight key technical developments that have accelerated applications of AFM to molecular biology, physiology, biophysics, and cell biology. \u0000 \u0000 Biology is a visual science. Understanding the ‘biological events’ around us through visualization and observation has always been a fundamental part of biological scientific inquiry. Since the early days in the 17th century, biological investigations of the fundamental components of biological systems have relied on microscopes, the resolution of which is limited to one half the wavelength of light. Electron microscopy (EM), invented in the 1920-1930’s, brought a hundred times greater resolution than the light microscope, and it continues to enable us to visualize biological materials in the nanometer range [1]. However, EM requires special specimen preparation and operational constraints, e.g., coating the sample with a fine layer of gold and observing it under vacuum. These limitations were in large part circumvented in the 1980’s by an altogether new concept. \u0000 \u0000 Shortly after Binnig invented atomic force microscopy (AFM) [2], Hansma [3] proposed many possible uses for AFM in biology [3]. However it took almost 20 years for it to become an indispensable technique in biological research that allows observations in solution without fixation of the specimen. Commercially available instruments equipped with a scanning method known as the tapping mode [4,5], have yielded unprecedented views of biological materials such as DNA and proteins in their native state. The subsequent invention of high-speed AFM [6], which can scan biological samples in solution with sub-second temporal resolution, was a landmark accomplishment that has contributed greatly to the establishment of nanobiology as a major field in bioscience [7].","PeriodicalId":16465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77280161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Applications of Lanthanide-Doped Nanocrystals","authors":"Di Liu, Guofeng Wang","doi":"10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00087","url":null,"abstract":"Lanthanide (Ln3+)-doped nanocrystals continue to receive significant interest due to the large number of applications in display devices, optical communication, solid-state lasers, catalysis, and biological labeling. It is well known that the Ln3+-doped nanocrystals can exhibit unique optical properties such as long fluorescence lifetime, large Stokes shift, single to multicolor emission and good luminescence efficiency combined with high photochemical stability of the hosts. Nano-sized phosphorescent or optoelectronic devices usually exhibit novel properties, depending on their structures, shapes, and sizes, such as tunable wavelengths, rapid responses, and high efficiencies. In terms of the mechanism of luminescence, the luminescence of Ln3+ ions can be divided into down-conversion and up-conversion emission processes. The down-conversion process is the conversion of higher-energy photons into lower-energy photons, which often requires two main components, an inorganic matrix (known as the host) and activated Ln3+ doping ions (activators). Among all the Ln3+-based host materials observed to date including oxides, phosphates, vanadates, oxides, and so on. The optical properties of Ln3+-doped nanocrystals depend critically on the hosts in which the Ln3+ reside, and thus it is important to seek for suitable host matrices to achieve desirable luminescence of Ln3+. In this review, we focus on the most recent advances in the development of the synthesis and applications of Ln3+-doped nanocrystals.","PeriodicalId":16465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91359361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoscale metal particles as nanocarriers in targeted drug delivery system","authors":"N. A. C. Lah, M. Samykano, S. Trigueros","doi":"10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JNMR.2016.04.00086","url":null,"abstract":"In the recent years, noble metal particles such as gold (Au) and silver (Ag) have been used progressively as efficient and safe nanoscale drug carriers in treating malignant as cites of cancerous cells. These single crystal structures of functionalised thearapeutic particles with the size less than 100 nm in diameter had proven offered an excellent function to modulate the oxidative stress and toxicity at affected membrane cells particularly to achieve the site-specific delivery of drugs. This mini-review will highlight the current advances of Au and Ag nanoscale particles as smart chemotherapeutic molecule carriers to these malignancies in impeding cancer cell activities locally. The paper also reviewed valuable insights of their efficacy in maintaining and precisely control the drugs \u0000release level within the therapeutic windows.","PeriodicalId":16465,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanomedicine Research","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86888228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}