Journal of Non-crystalline Solids最新文献

{"title":"Viscosity and structure of low basicity CaO-SiO2–10wt.% FeOx-10wt.% P2O5 slag system","authors":"Yong Lin ,&nbsp;Ziyou Yu ,&nbsp;Xiao Liu ,&nbsp;Baijun Yan ,&nbsp;Timo Fabritius ,&nbsp;Qifeng Shu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123796","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123796","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Slag viscosity is a crucial factor affecting the dissolution of silica modifiers in molten basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag, particularly during the online modification process. In this work, the viscosity of low basicity CaO-SiO₂–10 wt.% Fe₂O₃–10 wt.% P₂O₅ slag was measured by the rotating cylinder method. The structure of glassy slag samples was analyzed by multiple spectroscopic techniques to offer a better understanding of the relationship between slag viscosity and structure. It is concluded that the slag viscosity increases with decreasing binary basicity (CaO wt.%/SiO₂ wt.%) from 1.46 to 1.16, and the calculated apparent activation energy increases slightly from 147.57 to 161.78 kJ·mol⁻¹. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transformation infrared (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, and ²⁹Si solid-state magic angular spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR) reveal that the degree of polymerization (DOP) of slag increases with decreasing the slag basicity, which is consistent with the viscosity variation with basicity. Therefore, the dissolution of silica modifier would be deteriorated as silica content in slag increases. In addition, the ³¹P solid-state MAS-NMR demonstrates that phosphorous exists in isolated orthophosphate (Q⁰(P)) structural unit. It was shown that ²⁹Si solid-state MAS-NMR is limited in the structural quantification of Fe-bearing silicate glasses due to the paramagnetic effect of iron ions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"668 ","pages":"Article 123796"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production and characterization of glasses that develop microporous structures through acid treatment","authors":"R. Watanabe ,&nbsp;I. Akazaki","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the formation of porosity in glass of specific compositions when stirred in an acid solution. Glass samples were either obtained from commercial sources or prepared via the traditional melt-quenching method. After acid treatment, the samples were characterized using nitrogen adsorption measurements, revealing that 13 out of 20 samples developed porosity. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of these samples ranged from 283.1 to 605.6 m²/g. The elemental composition of the glass was analyzed using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF), which indicated that the development of porosity was associated with a high content of acid-sensitive elements, such as Na, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, B, Al, Pb, and Fe. The elution of these elements occurred in samples where the total molar ratio of acid-sensitive elements exceeded that of Si, resulting in a silica-rich structure (&gt;93.7%). The pore formation rates varied among the samples with different elemental compositions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"668 ","pages":"Article 123786"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of K2O on the crystallization behavior and hardness properties of Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2 transparent glass-ceramics","authors":"Hen Wu ,&nbsp;Hao Huang ,&nbsp;Yu Rao ,&nbsp;Shisheng Lin ,&nbsp;Ping Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amid advancing commercialization of glass-ceramics, developing novel high-performance Na₂O-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ (NAS) glass-ceramics is vital to expand industrial applications and mitigate resource supply risks. As such, this study developed a novel K₂O-substituted NAS transparent glass-ceramic through controlled precipitation of a (Na, K)AlSiO₄ solid solution. The effects of K₂O substitution on phase selection, as well as the resulting hardness and optical properties, were systematically investigated. Increasing K₂O concentration progressively enhances network connectivity and accelerates the carnegieite-to-nepheline transformation, while high-connectivity regions and site-selective nepheline precipitation further elevates Vickers hardness of both precursor glass and derived glass-ceramics (precursor glass: from 6.29 to 6.73 GPa; glass-ceramics: from 6.62 to 7.52 GPa), while high optical transmittance (∼90 %) was maintained. These findings offer a scalable and effective strategy for tailoring crystallization behavior and synergistically enhancing optical transparency and hardness properties of NAS-based transparent glass-ceramics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"668 ","pages":"Article 123787"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel TiAl/GH4099 joining strategy utilizing the superplasticity of undercooled bulk metallic glass","authors":"K.W. Dong ,&nbsp;J. Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) exhibit unique properties, including ultra-high strength, exceptional hardness, and superplasticity in the supercooled liquid region, due to their defect-free atomic structure. In this study, the superplasticity of BMGs was exploited to achieve high-strength bonding between high-temperature alloys. A 0.5 mm-thick Ni₆₂Nb₃₈ amorphous interlayer was fabricated using vacuum die-casting technology and employed for joining TiAl and GH4099 alloys. The results demonstrated that the interlayer produced via vacuum pressing exhibited superior stability and performance consistency compared to the amorphous ribbon solder prepared by conventional single-roll melt spinning. The shrinkage behavior of interfacial pores in the supercooled liquid region, along with the subsequent atomic diffusion and microstructural evolution at elevated temperatures, was analyzed via X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) techniques. The findings revealed the formation of a robust metallurgical bond, where the joint consists of the γ-TiAl/Ti₃Al/AlNi₂Ti/NiNb and Ni₃Nb/γ-Ni phases. Shear tests performed at room temperature and 750 °C were employed to assess the bonding strength, revealing that the joint achieved shear strengths of up to 315 MPa at room temperature and 250 MPa at 750 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"668 ","pages":"Article 123792"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat treatment of silica aerogel for enhanced mechanical properties, heat insulation, oil-water separation and self-cleaning","authors":"Ruirui Zhang ,&nbsp;Junru Yao ,&nbsp;Jinlong Lv ,&nbsp;Tantan Liu ,&nbsp;Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Dongchuang Wu ,&nbsp;Lei Zhang ,&nbsp;Youyi Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Against the backdrop of the increasingly severe global energy crisis and environmental issues, coupled with the vigorous development of emerging fields such as flexible electronic devices and wearable equipment, multifunctional aerogel materials with mechanical flexibility have become a key research focus and challenge. Addressing the critical issues of high brittleness and poor mechanical properties in traditional silica aerogels, this work successfully developed a novel material with both excellent mechanical performance and multifunctional characteristics by thermally modifying silica aerogels derived from organosilicon sources. Using methyl triethoxysilane and dimethyl diethoxysilane as precursors, the aerogel prepared via the sol-gel method underwent heat treatment at 200°C, resulting in significantly enhanced neck fusion within its three-dimensional network skeleton. This led to a 57% increase in compressive strength to 166.2 kPa (at 80% strain) while maintaining good elasticity. The heat treatment also optimized the pore structure, enabling the material to retain 84% of its mass at 800°C and exhibit a low thermal conductivity of 0.0424 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹. Infrared thermal imaging demonstrated that it could maintain a temperature difference of 148°C under heating at 200°C. Additionally, the aerogel exhibited superhydrophobicity (water contact angle<span><math><mo>&gt;</mo></math></span>144°) and superoleophilicity, with an adsorption capacity for various oils exceeding 15 times its own weight and stable performance over multiple cycles. Through innovative heat treatment processes, we achieved synergistic optimization of aerogel performance, providing a promising new multifunctional material for applications in building energy efficiency, environmental remediation, and flexible electronics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"668 ","pages":"Article 123788"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scintillation properties of Eu2+ activated Lu2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 glasses and effect of heat treatment on light yield","authors":"Akihiro Nishikawa ,&nbsp;Kenji Shinozaki ,&nbsp;Daiki Shiratori ,&nbsp;Takumi Kato ,&nbsp;Daisuke Nakauchi ,&nbsp;Noriaki Kawaguchi ,&nbsp;Takayuki Yanagida","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Eu-doped Lu₂O₃-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ glasses with Eu concentrations (0.1, 0.3, 1.0, and 3.0 %) were synthesized by a melt quenching method, and their optical and scintillation properties were investigated. These samples exhibited luminescence of Eu²⁺ at approximately 450 nm in both photoluminescence (PL) and scintillation, with lifetimes of several hundred ns and several μs. As a result of the pulse height spectra, all the samples showed the photoabsorption peak under irradiation with γ-rays of ¹³⁷Cs, and the 1.0 % Eu sample exhibited the highest light yield (<em>LY</em>) of 680 photons/MeV. In addition, the 1.0 % Eu sample was divided into four parts, and each part was heat treated at 800, 1000, 1100, and 1200 °C. Samples other than those heat-treated at 1200°C remained amorphous, while those heat-treated at 1200 °C crystallized. The increase in <em>LY</em> due to heat treatment up to 1100°C was confirmed. The <em>LY</em> of the 1.0 % Eu sample was increased to 910 photons/MeV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"668 ","pages":"Article 123785"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of sub-Tg thermal cycling on the mechanical properties of CuZr metallic glasses: a molecular dynamics study","authors":"Arbaz Khan ,&nbsp;Si-Jin Zhao ,&nbsp;Ji-Chao Qiao ,&nbsp;Bing Wang ,&nbsp;Laurent Chazeau ,&nbsp;Claudio Fusco ,&nbsp;Meng Liang ,&nbsp;Guo-Jian Lyu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123781","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of sub-<span><math><msub><mi>T</mi><mi>g</mi></msub></math></span> thermal-cycle treatment on the atomistic structure and mechanical properties of Cu₆₄Zr₃₆ metallic glass (MG) were studied using molecular dynamic simulations. The MG sample was prepared by rapidly quenching to 100 K with different rates, and then subjected to thermal cycling between 100 K and 600 K. The sub-<span><math><msub><mi>T</mi><mi>g</mi></msub></math></span> thermal cycling leads to a decrease in potential energy for samples quenched with higher rates, indicating that the amorphous structural state has been altered while it remains same for samples quenched with slower rates. It was found that both tensile and shear strength increase due to thermal cycles. Creep simulations revealed a significant enhancement in creep resistance due to thermal cycles, particularly for samples quenched with higher rates. Furthermore, an increasing fraction of icosahedral clusters was observed during thermal cycles for sample quenched at higher rates. The activation energy distribution was found to shift towards higher values after thermal cycling, indicating a more stable atomic configuration and greater resistance to deformation. These findings highlight the profound impact of sub-<span><math><msub><mi>T</mi><mi>g</mi></msub></math></span> thermal cycling on the structural and mechanical behaviours of MGs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"668 ","pages":"Article 123781"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of cooling process on gas bubbles in high-purity quartz glass","authors":"Panting Wang ,&nbsp;Zechen Hu ,&nbsp;Guiyuan Zheng ,&nbsp;Yiting Tao ,&nbsp;Huili Zhou ,&nbsp;Jie Huang ,&nbsp;Deren Yang ,&nbsp;Xuegong Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123783","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123783","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the gas bubble evolution in the cooling process of the fabrication of electrically melted high-purity quartz glass. The experiment proves that the cooling rate regulates the quantity and size of gas bubbles in quartz glass. Using an appropriate cooling rate can effectively reduce the number of gas bubbles and decrease the gas bubble size in quartz glass, which is proposed to stem from the dissolution of SiO gas and CO gas into glass substrate. As the temperature decreases, the solubility of the gas in the glass increases, while the slow cooling process allows the gas in the gas bubbles have more sufficient time to dissolve. The dissolution of gas in the gas bubbles further reduces the size of gas bubbles and macroscopically, the number of gas bubbles within the visible size range of glass decreases. In addition, a two-stage cooling process was demonstrated to be able to further reduce the gas bubble volume in quartz glass, which is combined with a rapid cooling in the higher temperature range to reduce the generation of gas bubbles and a slow cooling in the lower temperature range to promote the dissolution of gas bubbles. The research on the gas bubble evolution in the cooling process in this paper is of great significance and value for the preparation of high-purity quartz glass.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"668 ","pages":"Article 123783"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cobalt in Co-Zn metaphosphate and pyrophosphate glasses: Structure, coordination and thermal properties","authors":"Jana Holubová,&nbsp;Zdeněk Černošek","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123782","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123782","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The interaction of cobalt in a wide compositional range was studied in Co-Zn phosphate glasses. Metaphosphate glasses xCoO-(50-x)ZnO-50P₂O₅, i.e. glasses with the same anion, and glasses in which the anion simultaneously changes from metaphosphate to pyrophosphate with increasing cobalt concentration, <em>meta-pyro</em> series, yCoO-(50–0.75y)ZnO-(50–0.25y)P₂O₅, were prepared. XRF, Raman spectra and ³¹P MAS NMR confirmed the desired chemical composition of all the prepared glasses. The electronic spectra demonstrated both the tetrahedral and octahedral coordination of the Co(+II). The combination with Raman spectroscopy showed a predominant tetrahedral coordination. A simple chemical model of <em>meta-pyro</em> series was proposed. The Co-O(P) bond was found to be considerably polar, thereby increasing the density of weak interactions in the glass network, which in turn caused an increase in T_g with increasing Co content in both series. It was determined that the coefficient of thermal expansion increases with rising cobalt concentration. This is related to the assumption of a higher amplitude of vibrations of the Co-O(P) bond compared to the Zn-O(P) bond, indicating the increasing asymmetry of the Morse potential. The compositional dependence of density and molar volume indicates the increasing compactness of the glass structure with increasing cobalt content.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"668 ","pages":"Article 123782"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailoring magnetic properties of Fe74B20Nb2Hf2Si2 soft magnetic amorphous alloy: Insights into partial annealing and crystallization","authors":"Parisa Rezaei-Shahreza ,&nbsp;Saeed Hasani ,&nbsp;Amir Seifoddini ,&nbsp;Paweł Pietrusiewicz ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Bloch ,&nbsp;Marcin Nabiałek","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123784","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the structural and magnetic evolution of Fe₇₄B₂₀Nb₂Hf₂Si₂ amorphous alloy across the as-cast state and three distinct crystallization stages. Mössbauer spectroscopy of the as-cast state revealed ferromagnetic amorphous phases characterized by broad, asymmetric spectral lines and hyperfine magnetic field distribution peaks in the 5–30 T range, with an average hyperfine field (<em>P</em>(<em>B_hf</em>)<em>_avg</em>) of 19.9 T, lower than Fe₈₀B₂₀ (28.2 T) and FINEMET (22.8 T). It indicated that the magnetic ordering stabilized can be reduced by Nb and Hf through increased atomic spacing and structural disorder. Annealing promotes the formation of nanocrystalline phases such as α-Fe, Fe₂B, Fe₂₃B₆, and Fe₂(Hf, Nb), with <em>P</em>(<em>B_hf</em>)<em>_avg</em> increasing to 29.9 T in the third stage, reflecting enhanced magnetic ordering due to the growth of α-Fe. Simultaneously, saturation magnetization (<em>M_s</em>) increased from 1.14 to 1.71 T, while coercivity (<em>H_c</em>) increased from 1.5 to 40 A/m owing to phase boundaries and domain wall pinning. The exchange stiffness (<em>A_ex</em>) and spin-wave stiffness (<em>D_sp</em>) also increase, indicating stronger ferromagnetic coupling. Alongside, the total magnetic loss (<em>P</em>) increases significantly during crystallization due to domain wall pinning and a decrease in electrical resistivity. The Curie temperature (<em>T_c</em>) elevates from 622 to 653 K, attributed to Fe depletion and B and Si enrichment, intensifying Fe–Fe exchange interactions. Overall, the alloy exhibits superior magnetic properties (such as high <em>M_s, A_ex</em>, and permeability) during the crystallization process. Therefore, this alloy can be a promising candidate for high-frequency magnetic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"668 ","pages":"Article 123784"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}