Journal of Non-crystalline Solids最新文献

{"title":"Dynamic behavior of atomic clusters during structural relaxation in metallic glasses","authors":"Siyuan Zha ,&nbsp;Akihiko Hirata","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To understand the relationship between static structures, characterized by the well-known Voronoi polyhedra, and the structural relaxation process of metallic glasses, the structural changes associated with different atomic clusters during isothermal processes at 300 and 900 K in Zr₈₀Pt₂₀ are investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. These two temperatures are characterized by plateau and slope regions in the self-intermediate scattering function profiles. Atomic clusters are tracked based on their Voronoi polyhedra, and the fraction of atomic clusters that maintain their original structure during the relaxation processes is calculated to determine their structural persistence. Particularly at 300 K, the structural persistence of each atomic cluster follows a power law when the caging effect is strong, despite the total fraction of each atomic cluster being largely unchanged. Moreover, the structural persistence of the major atomic clusters is closely related to the number of pentagonal faces in the Voronoi polyhedra.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"657 ","pages":"Article 123509"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between viscosity, foaming, and structure of tundish fluxes for plasma heating with addition of alkali metal carbonates","authors":"Ye Sun ,&nbsp;Jiangtao Chen ,&nbsp;Wei Liu ,&nbsp;Cun Wang ,&nbsp;Shufeng Yang ,&nbsp;Jingshe Li ,&nbsp;Feilong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optimizing the foaming characteristics of tundish coating agent is a challenging task, which affects the heating efficiency of plasma and increases the smelting cost. In this work, the foaming behavior of CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂₋MgO-Fe₂O₃ slag systems modified with Li₂CO₃, Na₂CO₃, K₂CO₃, Rb₂CO₃, and Cs₂CO₃ was systematically investigated using the electrical current method. Additionally, the continuous cooling viscosity of the slags was monitored to evaluate their temperature-dependent rheological properties. The structural characteristics of the slags were analyzed using Raman spectroscopy and ²⁷Al magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR). The results demonstrate that the addition of Li₂CO₃, Na₂CO₃, K₂CO₃, Rb₂CO₃, and Cs₂CO₃ significantly enhances slag foaming performance. The stable bubble volume fraction increases from 17.93 % to 85.92 %, while viscosity rises from 0.1174 Pa·s to 0.2054 Pa·s. The BO/Si ratio increases from 0.739 to 2.215, indicating enhanced polymerization of the [SiO₄]^4- tetrahedral network and a higher degree of polymerization (DOP). Concurrently, the area fraction of AlO₄ decreases from 71 % to 34 %, while that of AlO₅ increases from 27 % to 64 %. This shift reflects greater polymerization of the aluminosilicate network, improving thermal stability and effectively enhancing slag foaming performance. Among the studied systems, the K₂CO₃-modified slag exhibits optimal industrial applicability, achieving a maximum foaming efficiency of 30.33 %/min at 1600 °C, an average bubble volume fraction of 80.87 % during defoaming, and a viscosity of 0.1765 Pa·s. Combined with its favorable raw material costs, this system is well-suited for industrial applications. The findings of this study may provide a viable pathway to improve the efficiency of plasma heating technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"657 ","pages":"Article 123507"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of phosphorus on the structural nonhomogeneity and dielectric properties of alkaline earth aluminoborosilicate glasses","authors":"Maoyuan Yang ,&nbsp;Chunyu Chen ,&nbsp;Rui Yang ,&nbsp;Qun Zu ,&nbsp;Sanxi Huang ,&nbsp;Yan Zhang ,&nbsp;Huidan Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alkaline earth borosilicate glass with excellent dielectric properties and matching coefficient of thermal expansion is a promising material for glass core substrates. It is vital to understand the effect of P₂O₅ on the network structure and dielectronic properties of alkaline earth aluminoborosilicate glasses (nP₂O₅-(1-n)[9.4CaO-4.9MgO-11.6Al₂O₃–21.7B₂O₃–52.5SiO₂] mol%, <em>n</em> = 0–0.06) for development of the next generation of dielectric glass substrates for electronics. Interestingly, our data indicate that when P₂​O₅​ &lt; 3 mol%, both the dielectric constant (ε_r) and dielectric loss (tanδ) decrease, whereas both ε_r​ and tanδ increase with P₂​O_5<!--> &gt; 3 mol%. These results suggest that the moderate loading of P₂​O₅​ induces inhomogeneity in the network, ultimately leading to changes in the trends of both the dielectric constant and dielectric loss in the system. The former results in the inhomogeneity of silicate network structure due to the formation of P-O-Al bonds, while the latter results in loose structure due to the appearance of pyrophosphate structure. The sample with 3 mol% P₂O₅ exhibits optimal dielectric properties, ε_r 4.10 and tanδ 1.60 × 10⁻⁴ at 1MHz, CTE 3.4 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ at 300K matching with the silicon wafer, plus excellent VH 567 kgf/mm². The thermal expansion coefficient and microhardness are mainly affected by the oxygen environment in the glass network. Our research provides a theoretical basis for the development of low-dielectric glasses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"657 ","pages":"Article 123503"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of magnesia and lime on the durability of synthetic basaltic glasses","authors":"James T Mansfield ,&nbsp;CT Tang ,&nbsp;Clare L. Thorpe ,&nbsp;Claire L. Corkhill ,&nbsp;Mike T. Harrison ,&nbsp;Russell J Hand","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of varying <span><math><mfrac><mrow><mo>[</mo><mtext>MgO</mtext><mo>]</mo></mrow><mrow><mo>[</mo><mtext>MgO</mtext><mo>]</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>[</mo><mtext>CaO</mtext><mo>]</mo></mrow></mfrac></math></span> ratios on the chemical durability of a series of synthetic basaltic glasses is examined via monolith (MCC-1) and powder (PCT-B) tests for times up to 1800 days (MCC-1) or 224 days (PCT-B). It is demonstrated that the magnesium-rich compositions generally have a lower durability than the calcium rich ones. For the shorter MCC-1 tests the normalised losses of all elements increase with time but at longer times both Mg and Al are removed from solution. Higher Mg content basaltic glasses developed thicker alteration layers with reduced Al and Mg contents along with secondary precipitates (potentially aluminous hectorite clays). The laboratory assessed alteration rates, based on alteration layer thicknesses from the accelerated MCC-1 tests at 90 °C, are demonstrated to be at least 2 orders of magnitude greater than the alteration rates reported for natural basalts in a range of continental and oceanic settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"656 ","pages":"Article 123500"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143636336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of performance and crystallization behavior of glass-ceramics from industrial solid waste using response surface methodology","authors":"Jiaqi Xu ,&nbsp;Pan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the development of high-value added glass-ceramics from low-value industrial solid waste, employing response surface method (RSM) for optimization and evaluation. The effects of CaF₂, MgO, CaO content and Si/Al ratio on key properties — water absorption, acid resistance, alkali resistance and density were systematically investigated. The optimal composition was determined to comprise 25 wt.% CaF₂, 8 wt.% MgO, 9 wt.% CaO and a Si/Al ratio of 1.8. Predicted value for water absorption, acid resistance, alkali resistance and density were 0.02863 %, 100.014 %, 100.015 % and 2.927 g/cm³, respectively. The corresponding experimental values were 0.029 %, 99.97 %, 99.98 % and 2.94 g/cm³, showing excellent agreement with the model predictions and validating the reliability of the RSM approach. The microscopic mechanism underlying the optimal composition were explored through Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The parent glass exhibited volume crystallization, characterized by crystal growth and formed, precipitation through a three-dimensional interface. At 700 °C, CaF₂ crystals formed as small, well-dispersed particles. As the heat treatment temperature increased, the crystalline phased evolved, with the formation of anorthite and calcium aluminum fluoride silicate, which led to significant grain growth and crystal aggregation. This research provides a theoretical basis for the efficient utilization of industrial solid waste, demonstrating for conversion into high-value glass-ceramics, thereby contributing to sustainable resource development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"657 ","pages":"Article 123506"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-step microwave synthesis of high-yield silica nanoparticles and the quenching mechanism of Fe and Hg ions","authors":"Ziyao Zhao ,&nbsp;Kuixian Wei ,&nbsp;Hui Wu ,&nbsp;Ning Tan ,&nbsp;Wenhui Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fluorescent silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) have application prospects in cell imaging, optoelectronic devices, and ion detection due to their excellent optical properties, low cytotoxicity, and diverse array of surface modification methods. However, their low product yield using current preparation processes limits their further development. In this study, a high-yield one-step microwave hydrothermal synthesis method of fluorescent silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) was developed using 3-thiocyanopropyl triethoxysilane (3-TCPTES) as the silicon source and sodium citrate as the reductant. The product yield was 91.1 %, and the quantum yield (QY) was 49.1 %. In addition, the mechanism of SiNPs fluorescence quenching by different ions was analyzed, and the quenching contribution ratio of different mechanisms was estimated. The results showed that this method greatly improved the yield of SiNPs while maintaining their excellent luminescent properties and low cytotoxicity, which provides a new method for the large-scale production of high-quality SiNPs. The unique functional group structure on the surface of SiNPs realized fluorescence quenching by changing the proportion of Fe³⁺ and Hg²⁺ ions via static quenching, fluorescence resonance energy transfer, and aggregation-caused quenching, giving them potential applications as fluorescent probes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"657 ","pages":"Article 123504"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transparent glass-ceramics achieved by inward orientational growth of single crystals","authors":"Qingshuang Zheng ,&nbsp;Lu Deng ,&nbsp;Feimei Wang ,&nbsp;Ang Qiao ,&nbsp;Haizheng Tao ,&nbsp;Yuanzheng Yue","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is known that surface crystallization usually lowers the transparency of oxide glasses. Here, we report a different scenario, where high transparency can be realized in surface-crystallized oxide glasses by proper composition design and optimized control over thermal treatment. Specifically, the composition of the glass system is designed as ZnO⋅Al₂O₃⋅2.5SiO₂ (molar ratio). The derived glass is subjected to an optimized heat-treatment protocol, which is determined through calorimetric measurements. The mechanism of the underlying surface crystallization is unraveled through morphological and kinetic analyses. The crystals in the surface layer are characterized as micrometer-sized single crystalline rods, identified as Zn-β quartz solid solution, which grow inward. The high transparency of the derived glass ceramics is attributed to the orientation of crystalline rods. This work offers a new way for the design and fabrication of transparent glass-ceramics with excellent optical performances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"657 ","pages":"Article 123505"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced nanomechanical properties of fused silica surface by wet etching and its implication on laser induced damage","authors":"Qiuju Zheng ,&nbsp;Youze Ma ,&nbsp;Shuang Ni ,&nbsp;Laixi Sun ,&nbsp;Jun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yucai Su ,&nbsp;Kangfeng Yi ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Yu ,&nbsp;Xiaobo Liao ,&nbsp;Hui Ye ,&nbsp;Hongtu He","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wet etching of fused silica is known to alter its surface quality and optical performance, but its correlation with nanomechanical properties remains unclear. In this study, the effect of typical wet etching (KOH and HF) on nanomechanical and surface quality of fused silica is investigated with nanoindentation, water contact angle measurments, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). Experiment results show that as the wet etching depth increases from 1 μm to 5 μm, the concentration and depth of metallic contamination in fused silica surface decreases significantly, and the water contact angle of fused silica surface also decreases. In contrast, the elastic modulus and nanohardness of fused silica surface increases with etching depth. Further analyses indicate the reduced concentration and depth of metallic contamination, along with the increased densification in fused silica surface, are responsible for the enhanced nanomechanical properties. Moreover, the correlation between the densification and laser induced damage threshold of fused silica is discussed. These findings advance the understanding the nanomechanical properties of fused silica and provide insights for optimizing the optical fabrication process and extending the lifespan of fused silica optics used in intense laser systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"656 ","pages":"Article 123501"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of electrical and impedance spectroscopic properties of Na2O modified lead-bismuth borate glasses","authors":"Divya Yadav ,&nbsp;Rajni Bala ,&nbsp;Sumit Chauhan ,&nbsp;Saroj Rani","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sodium-substituted lead-bismuth borate glasses, prepared using the melt-quench technique, have been investigated for their AC conductivity, modulus formulation, and impedance spectroscopy analysis. The direct current conductivity <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mi>σ</mi><mrow><mi>d</mi><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>, crossover frequency <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mi>ω</mi><mi>H</mi></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>, and frequency exponent (<em>s</em>), derived from fitting AC conductivity data with the Almond–West power law, gives information about the conduction mechanisms of the glasses. All samples exhibit AC conduction via the correlated barrier hopping (CBH) model. As the Na₂O content increases, the AC conductivity also increases. The imaginary part of the electric modulus (<span><math><mrow><mi>M</mi><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>″</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>) follows the non-exponential Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts (KWW) function, highlighting composition-dependent and temperature-independent behavior. Impedance investigations were conducted using equivalent circuit models to accurately fit the Nyquist and Bode plots for each sample across the temperature range under consideration. Activation energy values obtained from conductivity (1.155–0.891 eV), electric modulus (1.255–0.899 eV), and impedance (1.206–0.931eV) measurements were found to be nearly identical.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"656 ","pages":"Article 123498"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143620858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature width, liquid fragility, and onset crystallization viscosity for supercooled liquid of metallic glasses","authors":"Caiyun Liu ,&nbsp;Binbin Liu ,&nbsp;Fangjun Wang ,&nbsp;Feng Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123499","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The correlation of supercooled liquid region width (<em>∆T</em>_x) with the reduced glass transition temperature (<em>T</em>_rg), critical cooling rate (<em>R</em>_c) and liquid fragility index (m) for metallic glasses (MGs) are analyzed, the negative correlation between <em>∆T</em>_x and m is demonstrated for the summarized MGs. To deeply study the underlying nature, the onset crystallization viscosity (<em>η</em>^M(<em>T</em>_x)) for a variety of glass forming systems are calculated and compared. The results show that <em>η</em>^M(<em>T</em>_x) displays system-specific, and each system crystallizes at one neighboring viscosity except a few cases which is attributed to crystallization process. Moreover, <em>η</em>^M(<em>T</em>_x) is found to be related to the stability and glass forming ability of different MGs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"657 ","pages":"Article 123499"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}