Journal of Non-crystalline Solids最新文献

{"title":"Thermochemistry of Y, Yb, and Gd CMAS glasses and melts","authors":"Gustavo Costa ,&nbsp;Rebekah Bogle ,&nbsp;Blaine Aberra ,&nbsp;Rebekah Webster ,&nbsp;Michael Presby ,&nbsp;Narottam Bansal","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Calcium-magnesium-aluminosilicate (CMAS) glasses with and without yttrium (Y), ytterbium (Yb), and gadolinium (Gd) oxides were synthesized by a laser-beam heating and melt quenching technique and characterized by X-ray diffraction, simultaneous thermal analysis, and electron probe microanalysis. The formation enthalpies of the rare-earth CMAS have been investigated using high-temperature oxide melt calorimetry in molten lead borate solvent at 1073 K. The glass transition and crystallization temperatures increase with the decreasing ionic radius of the rare-earth cations. The enthalpy of formation of the CMAS glasses with higher rare-earth content becomes more exothermic with increasing ionic radius of the cations, which indicates increasing stability in this order. The free Gibbs energy of formation of the molten glasses was used to calculate the free Gibbs energy of corrosion of rare-earth silicate coatings. Rare-earth disilicates exhibited more negative free Gibbs energy of corrosion when compared to the monosilicates, indicating higher reactivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"658 ","pages":"Article 123518"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on structure, properties and physical tempering of La2O3/Y2O3 containing aluminosilicate glass","authors":"Penghui Yang,&nbsp;Yanhang Wang,&nbsp;Xianzi Li,&nbsp;Xianyin Yin,&nbsp;Jiayu Liu,&nbsp;Kun He","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In view of the increasingly harsh service conditions of glass materials, to strengthen the traditional aluminosilicate glass and further improve its performance, rare earth oxides such as Y₂O₃ and La₂O₃ were introduced into aluminosilicate glass. The structure, properties and physical tempering of La₂O₃/Y₂O₃ containing aluminosilicate glass were studied. The result showed that Y³⁺ or La³⁺ generally does not participate in the formation process of the glass network structure. The mechanical properties of the rare earth containing aluminosilicate glass obtained a maximum value at La₂O₃ of 3.6 mol % and Y₂O₃ of 10.2 mol %, the elastic modulus reached 127 GPa, the bending strength reached 190 MPa, and the Vickers hardness reached 886 Hv. Meanwhile, the bending strength was increased from 190 MPa to 379 MPa after physical tempering with tempering temperature of 960 °C, tempering time of 5 min and cooling wind pressure of 0.24 kPa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"658 ","pages":"Article 123525"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143783136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sliding wear behavior and mechanism of Zr-based bulk metallic glasses and metallic glass matrix composites","authors":"Jiaxiang Wu ,&nbsp;Zhong Wang ,&nbsp;Huijun Yang ,&nbsp;Junwei Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cross-scale tribological mechanism of Zr-based bulk metallic glasses and its composites was studied. It is found that the wear rate of Zr-based bulk metallic glasses is lower than that of Zr-based metallic glass matrix composite, which is due to the high hardness characteristics of Zr-based bulk metallic glasses and the protection of the wear oxide layer, while the Zr-based metallic glass matrix composite is due to the toughening phase (55 % volume fraction). The hardness mismatch (Δ<em>H</em> = 2.56 GPa) of the matrix causes interfacial stress concentration and increases the wear rate. The wear mechanism of Zr-based metallic glass matrix composites gradually changes from plastic deformation to oxidation-fatigue composite mechanism with the increase of the load. Nano-scratch experiments show that the Zr-based bulk metallic glasses exhibits sawtooth friction fluctuation due to shear band activation, while the Zr-based metallic glass matrix composite produces friction oscillation due to the biphase heterogeneous structure. This study provides a theoretical framework for interface regulation and multiphase synergistic strengthening for the design of wear-resistant bulk metallic glasses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"658 ","pages":"Article 123520"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnesium and calcium mixed effect on thermal conductivity in a borosilicate glass","authors":"Shenglin Chen ,&nbsp;Qing Zhang ,&nbsp;Yingting Cai ,&nbsp;Chao Huang ,&nbsp;Ang Qiao ,&nbsp;Haizheng Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the mixed effect of magnesium and calcium on thermal conductivity, a series of borosilicate glasses with varying molar ratios <em>R</em> (<em>R</em> = [MgO]/([MgO]+[CaO])), specifically 65.0SiO₂·5.0B₂O₃·17.4Na₂O·0.5K₂O·(12.1-<em>x</em>)CaO·<em>x</em>MgO, were synthesized. As MgO content increased, thermal conductivity exhibited a near-linear rise for <em>R</em> values from 0.0 to 0.6, followed by a negative deviation up to <em>R</em> = 1.0. Utilizing the phonon gas model, key factors influencing thermal conductivity—volumetric heat capacity (<em>C</em>), phonon mean free path (<em>l</em>), and Debye sound velocity—were analyzed. Given the minimal variations in <em>C</em> and <em>l</em>, Debye sound velocity emerged as the predominant factor governing thermal conductivity in these glasses. Furthermore, by examining the dual roles of Mg cations as either network modifiers or formers, alongside the evolution of Si-O tetrahedra-related clusters through Raman and NMR spectra, we elucidated the atomic-scale structural origins driving the linear and nonlinear dependencies of thermal conductivity on <em>R</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"658 ","pages":"Article 123522"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectral analysis study on the UV photosensitive properties and mechanisms of photo-thermo-refractive glass","authors":"Ziyi Ge ,&nbsp;Baoxing Xiong ,&nbsp;Qiannan Li ,&nbsp;Xiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cerium element co-exists in the forms of Ce⁴⁺and Ce³⁺in the photo-thermo-refractive (PTR) glass matrix, with the concentration of the photosensitive factor Ce³⁺ determining the photosensitive properties of PTR glass. This study investigates the effects of various fundamental and doping components on the Ce³⁺ content and photo-sensitivity of PTR glass, offering a detailed discussion on the photosensitive mechanism of PTR glass under continuous and femtosecond UV laser irradiation, as well as the dynamic transformation process of internal particles. The results reveal that an increase in Na₂O content slightly decreases the Ce³⁺ content in PTR glass, while an increase in CeO₂ content simultaneously elevates the Ce³⁺/Ce⁴⁺ content. Sb₂O₃/SnO₂ doping significantly enhances the Ce³⁺ content in PTR glass at the constant CeO₂ content. Under continuous UV laser irradiation at 325 nm, most of the Ce³⁺ ions converted to [Ce³⁺]⁺accompanied by absorbing photon energy and releasing electrons. An increase in irradiation dose facilitates the formation of more Ag⁰ atoms, while variations in irradiation power primarily augment the number of free electrons within the glass matrix. In terms of the photosensitive mechanism during irradiation with a 343 nm femtosecond laser, once the single pulse energy surpasses the nonlinear threshold of the material (&gt;0.3 μJ), PTR glass releases free electrons through two ways: two-photon absorption by Ce³⁺and multiphoton absorption by the glass matrix. Meanwhile, the high temperature field generated by femtosecond laser irradiation can induce the formation of silver nanopraticles (Ag-NPs) in PTR glass directly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"658 ","pages":"Article 123508"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Linking the ring-morphology of (Li2O)x(B2O3)100-x and (Na2O)x(B2O3)100-x borate glasses with topological phases and melt dynamics” [Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids Volume 654, (2025), 1-26/ 123450]","authors":"Kandasamy Vignarooban,&nbsp;Charles Skipper,&nbsp;Aaron Welton,&nbsp;Punit Boolchand","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123502","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"657 ","pages":"Article 123502"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hertzian fracture of a borosilicate glass at room temperature and at 77 K","authors":"M. Munawar Chaudhri","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hertzian fracture tests on 10 mm thick plates of Borofloat® 33 glass (Schott, Germany) have been carried out at room temperature and at 77 K using smooth tungsten carbide (WC) spheres of radii 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.57, and 4 mm as indenters. Cooling of the test samples down to 77 K has had a marked effect on the Hertzian fracture loads, which are up to at least 5 times higher than the corresponding loads determined at room temperature. It is suggested that this increase in the fracture loads occurs because at 77 K there is no static fatigue of the glass. Since most of the Hertzian fracture tests from 1880s to date have been carried out under ambient conditions involving static fatigue, the results obtained are flawed and conclusions drawn from them are unreliable. Our experimental results obtained from Hertzian fracture tests at 77 K are more reliable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"657 ","pages":"Article 123452"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vanadate glasses: A review of structure, properties, and applications","authors":"Adam Shearer,&nbsp;John C. Mauro","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glasses based on vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅) are a unique family of materials with interesting structural motifs and properties leading to several different industrial applications. The electronic structure of vanadate glasses enables semiconducting and nonlinear optical properties, while the atomic structure of these glasses leads to a unique combination of thermal and mechanical properties. The low melting point of vanadates is appealing for glass sealant applications but requires mixing with other glass formers to suppress crystallization. In this review, sources of vanadium, solution chemistry, and crystal structures are discussed to provide important context for V₂O₅ based glasses. Current structural understanding of different vanadate compositions is critically examined, along with the impact of glass structure on properties and practical applications. Future research directions and commercial applications are discussed with consideration of the previously discussed topics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"657 ","pages":"Article 123516"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic behavior of atomic clusters during structural relaxation in metallic glasses","authors":"Siyuan Zha ,&nbsp;Akihiko Hirata","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To understand the relationship between static structures, characterized by the well-known Voronoi polyhedra, and the structural relaxation process of metallic glasses, the structural changes associated with different atomic clusters during isothermal processes at 300 and 900 K in Zr₈₀Pt₂₀ are investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. These two temperatures are characterized by plateau and slope regions in the self-intermediate scattering function profiles. Atomic clusters are tracked based on their Voronoi polyhedra, and the fraction of atomic clusters that maintain their original structure during the relaxation processes is calculated to determine their structural persistence. Particularly at 300 K, the structural persistence of each atomic cluster follows a power law when the caging effect is strong, despite the total fraction of each atomic cluster being largely unchanged. Moreover, the structural persistence of the major atomic clusters is closely related to the number of pentagonal faces in the Voronoi polyhedra.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"657 ","pages":"Article 123509"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between viscosity, foaming, and structure of tundish fluxes for plasma heating with addition of alkali metal carbonates","authors":"Ye Sun ,&nbsp;Jiangtao Chen ,&nbsp;Wei Liu ,&nbsp;Cun Wang ,&nbsp;Shufeng Yang ,&nbsp;Jingshe Li ,&nbsp;Feilong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optimizing the foaming characteristics of tundish coating agent is a challenging task, which affects the heating efficiency of plasma and increases the smelting cost. In this work, the foaming behavior of CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂₋MgO-Fe₂O₃ slag systems modified with Li₂CO₃, Na₂CO₃, K₂CO₃, Rb₂CO₃, and Cs₂CO₃ was systematically investigated using the electrical current method. Additionally, the continuous cooling viscosity of the slags was monitored to evaluate their temperature-dependent rheological properties. The structural characteristics of the slags were analyzed using Raman spectroscopy and ²⁷Al magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR). The results demonstrate that the addition of Li₂CO₃, Na₂CO₃, K₂CO₃, Rb₂CO₃, and Cs₂CO₃ significantly enhances slag foaming performance. The stable bubble volume fraction increases from 17.93 % to 85.92 %, while viscosity rises from 0.1174 Pa·s to 0.2054 Pa·s. The BO/Si ratio increases from 0.739 to 2.215, indicating enhanced polymerization of the [SiO₄]^4- tetrahedral network and a higher degree of polymerization (DOP). Concurrently, the area fraction of AlO₄ decreases from 71 % to 34 %, while that of AlO₅ increases from 27 % to 64 %. This shift reflects greater polymerization of the aluminosilicate network, improving thermal stability and effectively enhancing slag foaming performance. Among the studied systems, the K₂CO₃-modified slag exhibits optimal industrial applicability, achieving a maximum foaming efficiency of 30.33 %/min at 1600 °C, an average bubble volume fraction of 80.87 % during defoaming, and a viscosity of 0.1765 Pa·s. Combined with its favorable raw material costs, this system is well-suited for industrial applications. The findings of this study may provide a viable pathway to improve the efficiency of plasma heating technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"657 ","pages":"Article 123507"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}