Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice最新文献

{"title":"Quality of life, depression, anxiety, stress symptoms, and its association with vitiligo extent and distribution: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Shefali Singla, Yogender Kumar Malik, Surabhi Dayal, Rajiv Gupta","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_477_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_477_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Vitiligo, a globally prevalent psychocutaneous disorder (incidence: 0.1–2%), profoundly affects mental health. It often leads to depression and anxiety, particularly when more body surface area (BSA) is involved. Lesions appear on both exposed and unexposed skin, significantly impairing patients’ quality of life (QOL). The objectives of the study are to assess depression, anxiety, stress, QOL, and their relationship with BSA in vitiligo patients. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 50 vitiligo patients, gathering sociodemographic data using a self-designed form. BSA affected was calculated using the “rule of nines.” Depression, anxiety, and stress were measured using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 42. QOL was assessed using the Dermatology Life Quality Index and the World Health Organization QOL questionnaire BREF. Data analysis utilized SPSS version 20.0, adhering to ethical guidelines. Depression, anxiety, and stress rates were 36%, 38%, and 32%, respectively. Depression prevalence was 21.7% in patients with <10% BSA affected and 100% in those with >80% involvement. Vitiligo significantly impacts mental health, particularly with greater BSA involvement, leading to heightened depression rates. It is a psychodermatological condition, adversely affecting QOL, highlighting the importance of holistic care in collaboration with mental health professionals.","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":"527 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139247848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time to treat the climate and nature crisis as one indivisible global health emergency","authors":"Kamran Abbasi, Parveen Ali, Virginia Barbour, Thomas Benfield, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Stephen Hancocks, Richard Horton, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Bob Mash, Peush Sahni, Sharief Mohammad Wadeia, Paul Yonga, Chris Zielinski","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_533_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_533_2023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":" 1053","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135186192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A striking mimic: Severe cytomegalovirus polyradiculitis resembling anterior horn cell disease in an immunocompetent woman","authors":"Divya Rani, Deepshikha Singla, Ayush Agarwal, Divyani Garg","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_466_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_466_2023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":"9 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135875708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pain outcome of non-instrumented lumbar decompressive surgery for degenerative lumbar spine disease using patient-reported pain outcome instruments","authors":"Moses Osaodion Inojie, Chika Anele Ndubuisi, Okwuoma Okwunodulu, Okiemute Vanita Inojie, Ned Micheal Ndafia, Samuel Chwukwunoyerem Ohaegbulam","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_80_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_80_2022","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: A clinical disorder known as degenerative lumbar spine disease (DLSD) is characterized by persistent low back pain (LBP) coupled with radiculopathy and other signs of neurologic impairment. Using patient-reported pain outcome assessment tools, this study evaluated the pain outcome of non-instrumented lumbar decompressive surgery for DLSD. Materials and Methods: A prospective longitudinal research was conducted. Using the metric visual analog scale (VAS) score and the Oswestry disability index (ODI), consenting patients who underwent non-instrumented lumbar decompressive surgery for symptomatic DLSD were evaluated for radicular pain and LBP. The evaluation was conducted both immediately before surgery and 6 months after surgery. Data generated by comparing the pre-operative and post-operative VAS and ODI scores were then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Sixty-seven patients in total completed the study. Thirty-six (54%) males and 31 (46%) females, with a mean age and body mass index of 55.28 years and 29.5 k/m 2 , respectively. At 6 months postoperatively, there was significant pain reduction from the pre-operative baseline VAS for LBP (67.12–32.74) with P < 0.001, VAS for radicular pain (75.39–32.75) with P < 0.001, and ODI (65.30–27.66) with P < 0.001. There was a greater decrease in radicular pain than in LBP following lumbar decompressive only surgery ( P = 0.03). Conclusion: Patients with symptomatic DLSD and high pre-operative back pain scores without considerable listhesis should anticipate a significant reduction in radicular and back pain intensity, as well as pain-related functional disability, 6 months after non-instrumented lumbar decompressive surgery.","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":"16 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135876267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reverse Y stenting in the management of vertebrobasilar junction fenestrated aneurysm: A novel technique","authors":"Manoj Kumar Nayak, Biswajit Sahoo, Anshu Mahajan, Suprava Naik, Nerbadyswari Deep (Bag), Biswamohan Mishra, Chinmaya Dash","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_423_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_423_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Fenestrated aneurysm at vertebrobasilar junction (VBJ) is very rare and can occur due to non-fusion of longitudinal neural axis forming basilar artery in the early stage of embryonic life. Due to defects in tunica media and weakness in its wall, these fenestrations are more likely to develop an aneurysm. Various treatment strategies are required for the management of these types of aneurysms including simple coiling, stent-assisted coiling, balloon remodeling technique, and more recently kissing flow diverters. Herein, we report the case of ruptured fenestrated VBJ aneurysm which was managed successfully with novel reverse Y stenting with coiling.","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135928594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scrub typhus with opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia-seizure as primary presentations","authors":"Sumirini Puppala, Abhijit Acharya, Surjyaprakash S. Choudhury","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_314_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_314_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Scrub typhus is a simple acute febrile illness with rash or an eschar, with up to one-fifth of the patients complicated with the nervous system. Hence, certain cases present to physicians with rather a different systemic manifestation and incidentally have been diagnosed with scrub typhus. We present two such cases of scrub typhus with neurological manifestations. The first case was of a 14-year-old boy with no previous history of any comorbidities who presented with bilateral opsoclonus with multifocal spontaneous myoclonus with cerebellar ataxia with a preceding history of fever and acute gastroenteritis. The second case of a 30-year-old gentleman with no previous history of any comorbidities presented to us with generalized tonic-clonic seizures and spontaneous multifocal myoclonus with a preceding history of fever. Both cases had no motor, sensory, cerebellar, or autonomic involvement. The pathophysiology of central nervous system (CNS) infections in scrub typhus is attributed to three major mechanisms of vasculitis, direct invasion, and immune-mediated. CNS involvement in scrub typhus is a significant marker for risk of mortality or morbidity. The most common CNS manifestations in scrub include meningitis, encephalitis, and seizures. Opsoclonus, myoclonus, and parkinsonism are comparatively rare manifestations.Scrub typhus infection must be considered in the differential diagnosis of clinical neurological features with even a remote history of acute febrile illnesses in endemic regions like ours, despite the absence of any eschar, rashes, and unremarkable neuroimaging.","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136105075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between multilingualism and cognitive performance among older adults in rural southern India","authors":"Anjana Jayakumar Menon, Palash Kumar Malo, Shubham Jain, Sandhya Gandhi, Jonas S. Sundarakumar, Pooja Rai, Thomas Gregor Issac","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_376_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_376_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Recent studies have shown that multilingualism may play an important role in enhancing cognitive health. The process of language acquisition constitutes a form of natural brain training, which in turn is hypothesized to increase neuroplasticity and hence, maintains the cognitive reserve. The study aimed to analyze the relationship between the number of languages known to an individual and its effect on cognitive functioning in both healthy and cognitively impaired study participants. Materials and Methods: This study utilized cross-sectional (baseline) data from Srinivasapura Aging, Neuro Senescence and COGnition study, which is an ongoing community-based, longitudinal aging cohort study conducted in a rural setting in southern India. A total of 3725 participants were considered for the study. The participants were separated into two groups, namely, monolinguals (participants knowing one language) and multilingual (participants knowing more than one language). The cognitive performance of the participants was assessed using the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) Scale. In addition, bivariate analyses and binary logistic regression analyses were carried out. Results: The result of CDR scores with respect to language category shows that, among the monolingual participants, 86.5% were healthy individuals and 13.5% were with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Similarly, among the multilingual, 94.3% were healthy and 5.7% were with MCI. The odds ratio value derived from logistic regression (0.69 95% CI (0.5-0.9)) that an individual has a higher chance of developing cognitive impairment if he/she is a monolingual. Conclusion: This study highlights that knowing more than one language might have a profound positive impact on cognitive health, thereby reducing the likelihood of developing cognitive decline.","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":"56 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136105877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic features of epilepsy due to sodium channelopathies – A single center experience from India","authors":"Lakshminarayanapuram Gopal Viswanathan, Sandhya Alapati, Madhu Nagappa, Ravindranadh Mundlamuri, Raghavendra Kenchaiah, Ajay Asranna, Hansashree Padmanabha, Doniparthi V. Seshagiri, Sanjib Sinha","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_329_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_329_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Nearly 40% of pediatric epilepsies have a genetic basis. There is significant phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity, especially in epilepsy syndromes caused by sodium channelopathies. Sodium channel subunit 1A (SCN1A)-related epilepsy represents the archetypical channel-associated gene that has been linked to a wide spectrum of epilepsies of varying severity. Subsequently, other sodium channels have also been implicated in epilepsy and other neurodevelopmental disorders. This study aims to describe the phenotypes in children with sodium channelopathies from a center in Southern India. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive, and single-center study. Out of 112 children presenting with epilepsy who underwent genetic testing between 2017 and 2021, 23 probands (M: F = 12:11) were identified to have clinically significant sodium channel mutations. Clinical presentation, electroencephalography, and imaging features of these patients were recorded. The utility of genetic test results (e.g., in planning another child, withdrawal of medications, or change in treatment) was also recorded. Results: Age at onset of seizures ranged from day 4 of life to 3.5 years. Clinical epilepsy syndromes included generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus ( n = 3), Dravet syndrome ( n = 5), early infantile epileptic encephalopathy ( n = 7), drug-resistant epilepsy ( n = 5), and epilepsy with associated movement disorders ( n = 3). The most common type of seizure was focal with impaired awareness ( n = 18, 78.2%), followed by myoclonic jerks ( n = 8, 34.78%), epileptic spasms ( n = 7, 30.4%), bilateral tonic-clonic seizures/generalized tonic–clonic seizures ( n = 3, 13%), and atonic seizures ( n = 5, 23.8%). In addition to epilepsy, other phenotypic features that were discerned were microcephaly ( n = 1), cerebellar ataxia ( n = 2), and chorea and dystonia ( n = 1). Conclusion: Sodium channelopathies may present with seizure phenotypes that vary in severity. In addition to epilepsy, patients may also have other clinical features such as movement disorders. Early clinical diagnosis may aid in tailoring treatment for the given patient.","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136231751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered behavior with an altered cell line","authors":"Nikitha Elizabeth Mathews, Sowmya Gopalan, S. B. Prashanth Reddy","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_175_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_175_2023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":"139 3-4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136316856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does indirect decompression by oblique lateral interbody fusion produce similar clinical and radiological outcomes to direct decompression by open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion","authors":"Auroshish Sahoo, Mantu Jain, Suprava Naik, Gurudip Das, Pankaj Kumar, Sujit Kumar Tripathy, Harish V. K. Ratna, Mathan Kumar Ramasubbu","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_322_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_322_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (O-TLIF) remains the most popular and widely practiced lumbar fusion method even today, providing direct decompression. Oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) is a novel retroperitoneal approach that allows placement of a large interbody cage which provides an indirect neural decompression, and screws can be placed minimal invasively or through the Wiltse OLIF (W-OLIF) approach. We aim to find out the short-term efficacy of W-OLIF to O-TLIF in terms of radiological and clinical outcomes in patients of lumbar degenerative diseases. Materials and Methods: Fifty-two patients were divided equally into two groups (group O-TLIF and group W-OLIF). Several parameters were measured, such as the spinal cord cross-sectional area (SC-CSA), foraminal cross-sectional area (F-CSA), disc height (DH), foraminal height (FH), Schizas grade for stenosis, and Meyerding’s grading for olisthesis. Functional scores were measured using the visual analog scale (VAS) for low back pain (LBP) and lower limbs, Oswestry Disability Index. All parameters were repeat measured at 3 months follow-up. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. Results: Both groups were similar in composition preoperatively. There was significant improvement in all clinical and radiological parameters post-surgery in either group. However, at 3 months, The DH, FH, FSA, and VAS (LBP) were better in the W-OLIF group than in O-TLIF. Procedure-related complications were seen in both groups (15% in the O-TLIF group and 19% in the W-TLIF group), but only one patient in O-TLIF required revision due to cage migration. Conclusion: Similar improvement occurs in most of the clinical and radiological parameters in the W-OLIF group compared to the O-TLIF group. Few radiological parameters such as the DH, FH, and F-CSA and the VAS (LBP) correction are superior in the W-OLIF group in the short-term follow-up. We conclude that indirect decompression by W-OLIF provides equivalent, if not better, results than the traditional O-TLIF lumbar fusion.","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":"476 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136318951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}