Journal of The Brazilian Society of Ecotoxicology最新文献

{"title":"Influência do fenarimol no desenvolvimento animal e reprodução em ratos.","authors":"V. Castro, S. Scramin, M. M. Melo","doi":"10.5132/jbse.2006.01.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5132/jbse.2006.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"A busca de indicadores de efeitos devido a exposicao de organismos nao-alvo a fungicidas vem se intensificando. Atualmente, as alteracoes bioquimicas e as relacionadas a parâmetros do desenvolvimento estao entre as medidas de eventos mais estudados como possiveis indicadores na dependencia da ocorrencia de periodos criticos no desenvolvimento, ja que muitos desses produtos alteram varios aspectos do sistema reprodutivo. Aos indicadores usados tradicionalmente como porcentagem de fertilidade, abortos e natimortos, foram acrescentados outros parâmetros relativos ao desenvolvimento fisico reprodutivo (dia medio de descida do testiculo e abertura de vagina), alem do estabelecimento de metodo in vitro para avaliacao da possivel interferencia dos pesticidas na atividade da CYP19 aromatase, que catalisa a conversao de androgenos em estrogenos. Neste trabalho procurou-se avaliar os possiveis efeitos do fungicida Fenarimol apos exposicao perinatal, uma vez que o transporte placentario do Fenarimol aumenta a partir do 18o dia da prenhez e e excretado pelo leite materno. As femeas de ratos Wistar foram expostas a 150 ou 300 mg.kg?1 de Fenarimol (S.C.) durante o periodo inicial ou final da prenhez ou durante os seis primeiros dias da lactacao. As taxas de viabilidade ao nascimento (VA) e ao desmame (VD) foram observadas conforme: VA = 100 × (numero de filhotes natimortos/nascidos vivos) e VD = 100 × (numero de filhotes desmamados/nascidos vivos). Todos os filhotes tiveram seu desenvolvimento fisico reprodutivo acompanhado ate o 26o dia de vida. As duas doses estudadas, apesar de terem afetado de forma pontual os parâmetros fisicos observados, nao demonstraram clara evidencia de efeito dose-resposta ao Fenarimol dentro da mesma fase (prenhez e lactacao). Tais observacoes enfatizam a importância de estudos prospectivos desses produtos, com o uso de indicadores que evidenciem alteracoes sutis. A obtencao de dados de alvos mais sensiveis podera contribuir para o aprimoramento dos instrumentos com os quais os riscos possam ser minimizados em relacao a saude ambiental. Assim e que, para a avaliacao da provavel interferencia do fungicida na atividade da aromatase, esta sendo adaptado o metodo no qual sao utilizados microssomos de figado de ratos como fonte da enzima a ser avaliada em presenca do Fenarimol.","PeriodicalId":163251,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Brazilian Society of Ecotoxicology","volume":"2019 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128058706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avaliação da Toxicidade Aguda de Piraclostrobin, Epoxiconazol e sua Mistura em Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui)","authors":"Elizabeth Biagioni Prestes, Z. Clemente, V. Castro, C. M. Jonsson","doi":"10.5132/EEC.2013.01.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5132/EEC.2013.01.018","url":null,"abstract":"O presente trabalho avaliou o efeito toxicologico de formulacoes fungicidas a base de piraclostrobin e epoxiconazol, isoladamente e em formulacao conjugada sobre Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui) por 96 horas atraves da determinacao da Concentracao Letal Media (CL50-96h) de cada uma das formulacoes. Foram encontrados valores de CL50-96h equivalentes a 0,018 mg L-1 para o piraclostrobin, 2,28 mg L-1 para o epoxiconazol e 0,021 mg L-1 para sua formulacao conjugada. Das tres formulacoes utilizadas, o piraclostrobin isoladamente mostrou-se o mais toxico para os organismos estudados e o uso conjugado das duas substâncias nas concentracoes estudadas apresentou um fraco efeito sinergico.","PeriodicalId":163251,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Brazilian Society of Ecotoxicology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114542067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Susceptibility of Freshwater Fish Species to Metals from Ultramafic Soils","authors":"E. Oliveira-Filho, D. H. F. Muniz, Ingrid Souza Freire, F. G. Aquino, L. R. Andrade","doi":"10.5132/EEC.2013.01.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5132/EEC.2013.01.017","url":null,"abstract":"Soils derived from ultramafic rocks have a mineralogy rich in metals like Co, Cr, Fe and Ni, and the process of extracting these metals from soil generates highly metallic waste. When disposed near of water bodies these residues pose a risk on the aquatic environment. Two fish species are used in ecotoxicity tests worldwide: Danio rerio (zebrafish), an Asian species, and Oreochromis niloticus (tilapia), an African one. However, Hyphessobrycon eques (mato grosso), a native of South America and found in Brazilian rivers, is as yet little used in ecotoxicity tests. The aims of this study were to evaluate the acute toxicity of the metals Co, Cr, Fe and Ni to the fish D. rerio, O. niloticus and H. eques, and compare its susceptibility. Tests were conducted following the recommendations of the Brazilian Association for Technical Standardization (ABNT). Stock solutions were prepared with the analytical reagents CoCl2.6H2O; K2Cr2O7; FeCl3.6H2O e NiCl2.6H2O. The quantification of metals was carried out in the stock solutions by ICP-AES. The dilution water used was synthetic softwater pH 7.3±0.1, hardness 43 mg L-1; DO 95% and temperature 25±1°C. To perform static tests 10 fish from each species were exposed for 96 hours, in duplicate, to different concentrations of the metals tested. The measured 96-hr initial lethal concentrations LC(I)50 of metals Co, Cr, Fe and Ni, calculated by the Trimmed Spearman Karber method, were 35.7, 35.9, 5.6 and 15.0 mg L-1 for D. rerio, 79.8, 32.6, 8.8 and 49.7 mg L-1 for O. niloticus and 104.1, 23.7, 8.5 and 34.5 mg L-1 for H. eques, respectively. The data showed that D. rerio has greater susceptibility to the metals tested, which justifies its increased use as a test species, except concerning Cr, for which H. eques was the most sensitive species.","PeriodicalId":163251,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Brazilian Society of Ecotoxicology","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114343357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytotoxicity of Soil Contaminated with Petroleum Derivatives and Biodiesel","authors":"Jaqueline Matos Cruz, P. R. M. Lopes, R. Montagnolli, I. S. Tamada, Natália Maria Maciel Guerra Silva, E. D. Bidoia","doi":"10.5132/EEC.2013.01.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5132/EEC.2013.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"The inhibition of root and hypocotyl elongation may reflect toxic substances in low concentrations, which are not sufficient to prevent germination, but may delay or inhibit root and hypocotyl growth. The objective of this study was to evaluate root and hypocotyl growth inhibition in Cucumis sativus, Brassica oleracea and Barbarea verna as a parameter for assessing soils toxicity when contaminated with diesel, lubricant oil and biodiesel. Thus, potential toxicity of contaminants was evaluated according to biodegradation time in soil by examining root and hypocotyl elongation inhibition. Results show that C. sativus root is the best indicator for diesel and lubricant oil reduced toxicity after biodegradation. It was also observed that biodiesel increases its toxicity after two months of biodegradation.","PeriodicalId":163251,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Brazilian Society of Ecotoxicology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129335128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinação de metais pesados nos camarões (Farfantepenaeus paulensis) consumidos na cidade de Pelotas-RS","authors":"Ane Martiele Taborda Parodes Pinto, Inês Moraes Hirdes, P. J. S. Filho","doi":"10.5132/EEC.2013.01.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5132/EEC.2013.01.019","url":null,"abstract":"O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a contaminacao por metais pesados em camaroes da especie Farfantepenaeus paulensis, consumidos na cidade de Pelotas-RS, obtidos dos locais onde sao usualmente pescados: Oceano Atlântico e a Laguna dos Patos. As analises foram realizadas no tecido muscular e no exoesqueleto, em duas epocas distintas. As amostras sofreram digestao acida Nitrico/Perclorica, sendo a determinacao de cadmio, chumbo, cobre, cromo e zinco realizada por espectrometria de absorcao atomica por chama. Para controle da exatidao e recuperacao foi analisado material de referencia certificado DORM-3 apresentando recuperacoes de 71,2 a 98.8%. Somente o Pb, o Cu, e o Zn apresentaram concentracoes acima do limiar de deteccao da metodologia utilizada. Em uma das amostras a concentracao de Pb no exoesqueleto acusou valor acima do permitido pela legislacao. Os camaroes coletados na Laguna dos Patos apresentaram maiores niveis de contaminacao, ainda comprova-se que o exoesqueleto concentra niveis maiores de metais. Os resultados tambem sugerem que a regiao da Laguna dos Patos apresenta maior disponibilidade de zinco e chumbo.","PeriodicalId":163251,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Brazilian Society of Ecotoxicology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122523879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avaliação da toxicidade crônica de piraclostrobin, epoxiconazol e sua mistura em Daphnia similis","authors":"Elizabeth Biagioni Prestes, C. M. Jonsson, V. Castro, Carolina Costa Mota Paraíba","doi":"10.5132/EEC.2013.01.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5132/EEC.2013.01.016","url":null,"abstract":"O presente trabalho avaliou o efeito toxicologico de formulacoes fungicidas a base de piraclostrobin e epoxiconazol, isoladamente e em formulacao conjugada sobre Daphnia similis por 21 dias, atraves da determinacao da Concentracao de Efeito Nao Observado (CENO) de cada uma das formulacoes. Em relacao a mortalidade de D. similis, foram encontrados valores CENO de 0,098 μg L-1 para a formulacao a base de piraclostrobin; 1,324 μg L-1 para a formulacao a base de epoxiconazol e 0,341 μg L-1 para a formulacao conjugada. Em relacao a alteracao na relacao neonatos/adulto foram encontrados valores CENO de 0,579 μg L-1 para a formulacao a base de piraclostrobin; 3,599 μg L-1 para a formulacao a base de epoxiconazol e 0,623 μg L-1 para a formulacao conjugada. Das tres formulacoes utilizadas, o piraclostrobin isoladamente mostrou-se o mais toxico para os organismos estudados.","PeriodicalId":163251,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Brazilian Society of Ecotoxicology","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131909435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Cholinesterase Enzyme Activity in Rineloricaria kronei from Coastal Rivers in Southern Brazil","authors":"S. Carvalho, M. S. Menezes, A. T. B. Guimarães","doi":"10.5132/EEC.2013.01.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5132/EEC.2013.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"Levels of environmental pollution are commonly assessed via biomarkers, one of which is the activity of the cholinesterase enzyme. This study analyzed activity of cholinesterase in muscles samples of Rineloricaria kronei fish in order to assess levels of anticholinesterasic pollution in coastal rivers of the Serra do Mar mountain range in southern Brazil. A total of 93 specimens were collected at six sites along the Caiuru, Pinto and Sambaqui rivers between August and November 2007. Specimens were collected via electrofishing, with a sampling effort of 50m/hour. Cholinesterase enzyme (ChE) activity was measured in extracted muscles in the laboratory and the results analyzed using one-factor ANOVA, followed by Dunnett’s test. ChE activity at sites 2, 3 and 4 was similar to that observed in control specimens. Mean activity was lower than the control (p<0.05) at Site 1 (4.6+1.5) and highest at Site 5 (98.7±16.2). Site 5 appears likely to be contaminated with heavy metals, based on the increased activity of the cholinesterase enzyme. This study suggests that the cholinesterase biomarker can be used not only to demonstrate the presence of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides, but also to indicate the presence of heavy metals.","PeriodicalId":163251,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Brazilian Society of Ecotoxicology","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123809111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of the cell quota and chlorophyll content for normalization of cylindropermopsin produced by two Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii strains grown under different light intensities","authors":"R. L. Carneiro, A. P. R. D. Silva, V. Magalhães, S. Azevedo","doi":"10.5132/EEC.2013.01.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5132/EEC.2013.01.013","url":null,"abstract":"The production of cylindrospermopsin (CYN) by Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Woloszynska) Seenaya and Subba Raju (Cyanobacteria) was already shown to be changed by variations in light intensities. Influences of light intensity on CYN production by two different C. raciborskii strains (CYP011K and CYP030A) were studied in batch culture conditions. The strains were grown under photon light intensities from 40 to 348 μmol photons m-2 s-1. The growth rates were measured by exponential regression of cell number variation along the time. The concentration of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) was measured by spectrophotometric methods and the CYN concentration was measured by high-performance liquid chromatographic methods. Data from these CYN analyses were evaluated as cell quota (ng CYN 10-6 cells) or as the relative proportion between toxin concentration and chlorophyll-a concentration (CYN Chl-a-1). The CYP011K showed higher growth rates than the CYP030A strains. According to the cell quota results, the production of CYN by these two strains of C. raciborskii is not affected by the intensity of the surrounding light during growth. However, analysis of the relative proportion of CYN Chl-a-1 led to different interpretations, as a negative relation between light intensity and CYN production.","PeriodicalId":163251,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Brazilian Society of Ecotoxicology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133703293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water toxicity assessment in the Suape estuarine complex (PE-Brazil)","authors":"L. P. Souza-Santos, R. Araújo","doi":"10.5132/EEC.2013.01.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5132/EEC.2013.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"The Suape estuarine complex (PE, Brazil) is located close to an industrial port complex of Suape which has been responsible for altering the geomorphologic and hydrological conditions of the area. As the industrial port of Suape represents a possible source of pollution through the use and transport of chemical substances, the present research aimed to evaluate if the surface water of the estuarine complex in Suape shows chronic toxicity based on the embryo larval development of the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus. Six sampling points were established between the estuaries of the rivers Massangana and Tatuoca. Samples of surface water from the area were collected on May, August, October and December of 2007. Chronic toxicity was observed in the six points and it varied depending on the month. The highest level of toxicity was on October when it was detected at all six points. The results showed that the water of the river Massangana was the most probable source of pollution in the area studied during this period.","PeriodicalId":163251,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Brazilian Society of Ecotoxicology","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123029096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micronucleus test for monitoring the genotoxic potential of the surface water of Luján River (Argentina) using erythrocytes of Lithobates catesbeianus tadpoles","authors":"N. Ossana, A. Salibián","doi":"10.5132/EEC.2013.01.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5132/EEC.2013.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"Lujan river is a peri-urban ecosystem dominated by urban, industrial and agricultural discharges, receiving contributions from about one hundred streams along its path. The toxicological quality of the surface water in the middle course of the river was monitored by means of the micronucleus (MN) test, using peripheral erythrocytes of Lithobates catesbeianus premetamorphic tadpoles. This cytogenetic assay was performed to evaluate the effects of a particular domestic/industrial effluent poured continuously into the river, by incubating the larvae for 6 days to water samples from two sites: upstream and downstream the point where the effluent is dumped. The positive control was a cyclophosphamide solution. Five seasonal samplings were conducted between 2007 and 2008. The physicochemical analyses and the values of three water quality indices showed a highly polluted condition of the river. The MN frequency in the erythrocytes of the larvae exposed to the river samples was significantly higher than that of negative controls in all the cases and, in most samples, without differences with respect to the positive controls or even higher. There were no significant differences in the frequency of MN between the two environmental samples. The results allowed showing the genotoxic potential of the Lujan river water.","PeriodicalId":163251,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Brazilian Society of Ecotoxicology","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123692764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}