Journal of invertebrate pathology最新文献

{"title":"The sandwich feeding assay for use with first instar nymphs of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri confirms the high susceptibility of this life stage to bacterial pesticidal proteins","authors":"Clebson S. Tavares ,&nbsp;Lukasz L. Stelinski ,&nbsp;Bryony C. Bonning","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2024.108208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2024.108208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Citrus greening or huanglongbing is the most important disease of citrus and threatens citrus production worldwide. As nymphs of <em>Diaphorina citri</em> play a crucial role in the acquisition and transmission of the citrus greening bacterium, suppression of this life stage is particularly important. However, the lack of a tractable feeding assay for use with first instar <em>D. citri</em> nymphs has impeded assessment of the toxicity of bioactives. Of several bacterial pesticidal proteins (BPP) that are toxic to <em>D. citri</em> adults, Mpp51Aa1 and Cry1Ba1, which have LC₅₀ values of 110 and 120 µg/mL respectively in adults, were fed to 1st instar nymphs in a newly developed assay. For this new sandwich feeding assay, parafilm layers containing feeding solution were placed on top of two 35 mm Petri dishes, with a concave surface created on each. Fifty nymphs were transferred to the membrane on one Petri dish, and the second Petri dish placed on the top to create a “sandwich” with the 1st instar nymphs in the middle. Nymphs were fed for four days and the LC₅₀ values for Mpp51Aa1 and Cry1Ba1 were calculated at 6.7 and 41.6 µg/mL respectively. Bioassays with bioengineered plants expressing Cry1Ba1 confirmed that the majority of <em>D. citri</em> mortality occurs during the 1st instar nymph stage, while egg laying adults are much less susceptible. Taken together, these results confirm that 1st instar <em>D. citri</em> nymphs are more susceptible to BPP than adults and demonstrate the utility of the sandwich feeding assay for effective screening of BPPs prior to investment into production of transgenic plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 108208"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative genomic analysis of copepod humoral immunity genes with sex-biased expression in Labidocera rotunda","authors":"Jimoon Jun ,&nbsp;Eun-Jeong Kim ,&nbsp;Donggu Jeon ,&nbsp;Jihye Yang ,&nbsp;Hyeon Gyeong Jeong ,&nbsp;Hyungtaek Jung ,&nbsp;Taeho Kim ,&nbsp;Seong-il Eyun","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2024.108198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2024.108198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies of innate immune system function in invertebrates have contributed significantly to our understanding of the mammalian innate immune system. However, in-depth research on innate immunity in marine invertebrates remains sparse. We generated the first <em>de novo</em> genome and transcriptome sequences of copepod <em>Labidocera rotunda</em> using Illumina paired-end data and conducted a comparative genome analysis including five crustaceans (four copepods and one branchiopod species). We cataloged the presence of Toll, Imd, JAK/STAT, and JNK pathway components among them and compared them with 17 previously reported diverse arthropod species representative of insects, myriapods, chelicerates, and malacostracans. Our results indicated that copepod Gram-negative binding proteins may function in direct digestion or pathogen killing. The phylogenetic analysis of arthropod TEP and copepod-specific GCGEQ motif patterns suggested that the evolutionary history of copepod TEPs may have diverged from that of other arthropods. We classified the copepod Toll-like receptors identified in our analysis as either vertebrate or protostome types based on their cysteine motifs and the tree built with their Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domains. LrotCrustin, the first copepod AMP, was identified based on the structure of its WAP domain and deep-learning AMP predictors. Gene expression level analysis of <em>L. rotunda</em> innate immunity-related transcripts in each sex showed higher Toll pathway-related expression in male <em>L. rotunda</em> than in females, which may reflect an inverse correlation between allocation of reproductive investment and elevated immune response in males. Taken together, the results of our study provide insight into copepod innate immunity-related gene families and illuminate the evolutionary potential of copepods relative to other crustaceans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 108198"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entomopathogenic nematodes in insect pest biocontrol: Diversity and function of excretory/secretory proteins","authors":"Yixuan Li,&nbsp;Sheng-Yen Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2024.108205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2024.108205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are obligate parasitic “biopesticides” that play a vital role in pest management. A thorough understanding of their pathogenic mechanisms is essential for promoting their widespread use in agricultural pest control. The pathogenicity of EPNs arises from two key factors: the pathogenicity of their symbiotic bacteria and the nematodes’ intrinsic pathogenic mechanisms. This review concentrates on the latter, offering an exploration of the excretory/secretory products of EPNs, along with their pathogenic mechanisms and key components. Particular attention is given to specific excretory/secretory proteins (ESPs) identified in various EPN species. The aim is to provide a foundational reference for comprehending the role of these ESPs in pest control. Furthermore, the review discusses the potential of these findings to advance the development of eco-friendly biopesticides, thereby supporting sustainable agricultural practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 108205"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MaEng1, an endo-1,3-glucanase, contributes to the conidiation pattern shift through changing the cell wall structure in Metarhizium acridum","authors":"Hongfen Dai,&nbsp;Yuneng Zou,&nbsp;Yuxian Xia,&nbsp;Kai Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2024.108204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2024.108204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microcycle conidiation has displayed the greater potential than normal conidiation in large-scale production of mycopesticides. Fungi require partial hydrolysis of the cell wall to achieve the necessary plasticity during their morphological changes. Therefore, various cell wall-associated hydrolases are crucial for fungal morphogenesis. Eng1, as an endo-β-1,3-glucanase, is involved in the cell separation of fungi, but its role in morphological changes of entomopathogenic fungi is not yet clear. Here, the endo-β-1,3-glucanase gene <em>MaEng1</em> was characterized in the model entomopathogenic fungi <em>M. acridum</em>. MaEng1 possesses a typical carbohydrate hydrolase domain and belongs to the GH81 family. The functions of <em>MaEng1</em> in fungal growth, stress tolerance, pathogenicity, and conidiation capacity were analyzed using targeted gene disruption. The results displayed that the absence of <em>MaEng1</em> does not affect the fungal growth, stress tolerances, and pathogenicity in <em>M. acridum</em>. However, the knockout of <em>MaEng1</em> led to the normal conidiation of <em>M. acridum</em> on the SYA medium, which can induce the microcycle conidiation. Moreover, the content of β-1,3-glucan in the cell wall of the <em>MaEng1</em>-disruption strain were significantly reduced and the exposures of β-1,3-glucan on the surface of the mature conidia and mycelia in Δ<em>MaEng1</em> were declined, indicating that MaEng1 contributes to the conversion of conidiation mode in <em>M. acridum</em> by affecting the cell wall structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 108204"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and population genetic analyses of parasites in invasive Vespa velutina and native Hymenoptera","authors":"Carolina Bartolomé ,&nbsp;Damian Dasilva-Martíns ,&nbsp;Rosa Valiñas ,&nbsp;Luís B. Gabín-García ,&nbsp;Anabela Nave ,&nbsp;Ana L. García-Pérez ,&nbsp;Karine Monceau ,&nbsp;Denis Thiéry ,&nbsp;Alastair Christie ,&nbsp;Moon Bo Choi ,&nbsp;Beatriz Sobrino ,&nbsp;Jorge Amigo ,&nbsp;Xulio Maside","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2024.108203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2024.108203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Invasive species pose a threat to the ecological balance of the ecosystems they invade by altering local host-pathogen dynamics. To investigate these relationships and their potential consequences, we examined the prevalence and genetic diversity patterns of Trypanosomatidae, Lipotrophidae, and Nosematidae in a collection of sympatric isolates of the invasive hornet <em>Vespa velutina</em> and local Hymenoptera from two recently colonized areas: Europe and South Korea. Data were gathered through PCR amplification and massive parallel sequencing, and analyses were conducted using population genetics tools. Parasite prevalences showed substantial variation depending on (i) the parasite family (Trypanosomatidae and Nosematidae were the most and less prevalent, respectively), (ii) location (e.g. Galicia displayed the highest pooled values), (iii) the season (highest in spring for Trypanosomatidae and Lipotrophidae), and (iv) the host. <em>V. velutina</em> exhibited significantly lower parasite occurrence than native Hymenoptera across all parasite families (consistent with the enemy release hypothesis), although this difference was less pronounced during the periods of heightened predatory activity, suggestive of trophic transmission. Parasite species displayed significant genetic differentiation between European and South Korean isolates, yet no differentiation was observed across hosts, suggesting that all Hymenoptera are exposed to a common local pathogen population. There was no indication that <em>V. velutina</em> acted as a carrier of foreign parasites to the invaded territories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 108203"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel fungal sensor (Ngs1) of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) mediates the fungal response to GlcNAc in the interaction between entomopathogenic Beauveria bassiana and insect host","authors":"Long-Bin Zhang,&nbsp;Zhi-Hao Yang,&nbsp;Wu-Wei-Jie Yang,&nbsp;Yi Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2024.108206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2024.108206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As <em>N</em>-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) ubiquitously exists in both insect cuticle and fungal cell walls, the GlcNAc sensor (Ngs1) potentially plays important roles in the interactions between entomopathogenic fungi and their insect hosts. However, the roles of the Ngs1 derived from the entomopathogens in response to the host’s cuticle remain completely unexplored. In this study, a putative Ngs1 homolog was identified in the entomopathogenic fungus <em>Beauveria bassiana</em>. Deletion of <em>Ngs1</em> significantly reduced virulence towards <em>Galleria mellonella</em> larvae either through cuticle infection (by 23%) or by bypassing the cuticle (by 44%). To investigate the role of <em>Ngs1</em> in fungal virulence, an analysis of the transcriptome induced by <em>Locusta migratoria</em> exoskeleton was conducted, highlighting the regulatory mechanism of <em>Ngs1</em> in carbohydrate metabolic process, particularly chitin metabolism and GlcNAc metabolism. Consistent with the transcriptomic data, <em>Ngs1</em>-deletion mutants showed reduced activities of both secreted chitinase (17% reduction) and Pr1 protease (35% reduction). Loss of <em>Ngs1</em> down-regulated the transcript levels of GlcNAc-catabolism genes, resulting in a 17% decrease in fungal growth on GlcNAc-supported media. Furthermore, <em>Ngs1</em> deficiency attenuated the fungal response to GlcNAc, leading to the alteration of fungal resistance to diverse stress cues. All of these changes contribute to the reduction in virulence in <em>Ngs1</em>-deficient <em>B. bassiana</em>. These findings support that Ngs1 plays a critical role in responding to insect-derived GlcNAc, affecting the production of cuticle-degrading enzymes to penetrate insect epidermis, GlcNAc-induced changes of stress resistance, and contribute to the fungal virulence against insects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 108206"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Representative honey bee viruses do not replicate in the small hive beetle, Aethina tumida Murray","authors":"Emily D. Vu ,&nbsp;Benjamin E. Chiavini ,&nbsp;Elena M. Gratton ,&nbsp;Adam G. Dolezal ,&nbsp;Bryony C. Bonning","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2024.108207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2024.108207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The small hive beetle (SHB), <em>Aethina tumida</em> Murray, is an invasive pest of the honey bee and causes significant damage through the consumption of colony resources and brood. Two assumptions related to honey bee virus transmission have been made about SHB: first, that SHB vectors honey bee viruses and second, that these viruses replicate in SHB based on the detection of both positive and negative strand viral genomic RNA within SHB. To clarify the role of SHB in virus transmission, we sought to address whether selected honey bee viruses replicate in SHB. Sequences derived from five honey bee viruses were identified in the transcriptomes of field-caught SHB from the U.S., but not in those of lab-reared SHB, suggesting that these viruses do not replicate in SHB. To elucidate whether the representative viruses, <em>Israeli acute paralysis virus</em> (IAPV; <em>Dicistroviridae</em>) and <em>Deformed wing virus</em> (DWV; <em>Iflaviridae</em>) replicate in SHB, we tested for replication <em>in vitro</em> in an SHB-derived cell line (BCIRL-AtumEN-1129-D6). Following treatment of the cell line with viral particles or viral RNA, the number of virus genomes was monitored by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). In contrast to the positive control, IAPV and DWV RNA levels steadily decreased over a period of 8 days. Collectively, these results from bioinformatic observations and <em>in vitro</em> experiments indicate that IAPV and DWV do not replicate in SHB. These results are consistent with the host specificity of most insect viruses within a single insect order and indicate that while SHB may serve as a mechanical vector of honey bee viruses within and between hives, this insect does not serve as a biological vector for these honey bee viruses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 108207"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathology of tissue loss in three key gorgonian species in the Mediterranean Sea","authors":"Jacopo Gobbato ,&nbsp;Thierry M. Work ,&nbsp;Martina P. Facchinelli ,&nbsp;Federica M. Siena ,&nbsp;Enrico Montalbetti ,&nbsp;Davide Seveso ,&nbsp;Yohan D. Louis ,&nbsp;Paolo Galli ,&nbsp;Simone Montano","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2024.108197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2024.108197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Mediterranean is known for its marine biodiversity, especially gorgonian forests. Unfortunately, these are experiencing rapid declines due to climate change, manifested by repeated marine heat waves resulting in mass mortality events since the early 1990 s. To better understand why gorgonians are declining, more systematic approaches to investigate the exact causes are needed, and pathology may aid in this goal.</p><p>We described gross and microscopic pathology of tissue loss in three key gorgonian species in the Mediterranean region, <em>Paramuricea clavata</em>, <em>Eunicella cavolini</em>, and <em>Leptogorgia sarmentosa</em>, that were all experiencing various degrees of acute to subacute tissue loss characterized by exposed axial skeleton sometimes partly colonized by epibionts and thinning of adjacent tissues. The most significant variety of lesions was seen in <em>P. clavata</em> followed by <em>L. sarmentosa</em> and <em>E. cavolini.</em> For all species, dissociation of gastrodermal cells was the dominant microscopic lesion followed by necrosis of the gastrodermis. Ciliates invading gastrodermis and associated with necrosis of polyps were seen only in <em>E. cavolini.</em> Epidermal tissue loss was seen only in <em>L. sarmentosa</em>, while <em>P. clavata</em> was distinguished by a prominent inflammatory response and unidentified dark round structures within the tentacle epidermis and gastrodermis with no host response. Further work to understand the cause of death in gorgonians is needed, particularly to elucidate the role of ciliates and environmental co-factors or infectious agents not visible on light microscopy, as well as applications of additional tools such as cytology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 108197"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002220112400140X/pdfft?md5=77460c2bd409cc4f0ca2a2cad1d9e95b&pid=1-s2.0-S002220112400140X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142228485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microsporidia-cypovirus interactions during simultaneous infection of the tree defoliator Dendrolimus sibiricus (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae)","authors":"Arina S. Rumiantseva ,&nbsp;Aleksander A. Ageev ,&nbsp;Anastasia N. Ignatieva ,&nbsp;Maria E. Yakimova ,&nbsp;Daria D. Kharlamova ,&nbsp;Vyacheslav V. Martemyanov ,&nbsp;Yuri S. Tokarev","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2024.108199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2024.108199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Siberian moth, <em>Dendrolimus sibiricus</em> is a dangerous forest defoliator, the number one pest of boreal forests in Asia. Search for effective and ecologically friendly control measures drives attention to microbial pathogens. Viruses and microsporidia are obligate intracellular parasites widespread in insect populations causing either chronic or acute infections. Interactions of these pathogens vary from antagonistic to synergistic. The goal of the work was to test a recently discovered cytoplasmatic polyhedrosis virus (cypovirus) strain DsCPV-1 isolated from <em>D.sibiricus</em>, combined with a microsporidium, against <em>D. sibiricus,</em> by feeding the inoculum (viral polyhedral and microsporidian spores)<em>.</em> Three different microsporidian parasites of lepidopterans were tested against <em>D. sibiricus</em> as monoinfection: <em>Nosema bombycis</em> from silkworm<em>, N. pyrausta</em> from corn borer<em>,</em> and <em>Tubulinosema loxostegi</em> from beet webworm. <em>Nosema bombycis</em> was the most virulent, with a median lethal time of 7 days in the first and second instars treated with 100,000 and 1 million spores/larva, respectively. <em>Nosema bombycis</em> (dose 100,000 spores/larva) was chosen to test it as mixed infection in combination with an extremely low dose of DsCPV-1 (1 polyhedron/larva) against two races of <em>D. sibiricus</em> second instar larvae (the fir-feeding race and the larch-feeding race). The mixed infection demonstrated the most prominent negative effect on larval lethal time and weight for the both tested races. Mixed infections showed a synergistic effect for the fir-feeding larvae but additive effect only for the larch feeding larvae. Both pathogens co-developed successfully in the larvae with equal ratio of producing inoculum. The combination of these entomopathogens is therefore promising for forest protection against the Siberian moth and could be the way to significantly decrease the amount of pathogens applied in field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 108199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entomopathogenic nematode detection and counting model developed based on A-star algorithm","authors":"Hilal Erdoğan","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2024.108196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2024.108196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Entomopathogenic nematodes are soil-dwelling living organisms widely employed in the biological control of agricultural insect pests, serving as a significant alternative to pesticides. In laboratory procedures, the counting process remains the most common, labor-intensive, time-consuming, and approximate aspect of studies related to entomopathogenic nematodes. In this context, a novel method has been proposed for the detection and quantification of <em>Steinernema feltiae</em> isolate using computer vision on microscope images. The proposed method involves two primary algorithmic steps: framing and isolation. Compared to YOLO-V5m, YOLO-V7m, and YOLO-V8m, the A-<em>star</em>-based developed network demonstrates significantly improved detection accuracy compared to other networks. The novel method is particularly effective in facilitating the detection of overlapping nematodes. The developed algorithm excludes processes that increase space and time complexity, such as the weight document, which contains the learned parameters of the deep learning model, model integration, and prediction time, resulting in more efficient operation. The results indicate the feasibility of the proposed method for detecting and counting entomopathogenic nematodes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 108196"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}