Jurnal Agro Ekonomi最新文献

{"title":"Penilaian Keberlanjutan Sistem Usaha Kentang dengan Kriteria Multidimensi: Studi Kasus di Dataran Tinggi Dieng, Wonosobo","authors":"Rizka Amalia Nugrahapsari, Rima Setiani, Budi Marwoto, J. Anwarudinsyah, Sulusi Prabawati","doi":"10.21082/JAE.V38N1.2020.1-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/JAE.V38N1.2020.1-13","url":null,"abstract":"EnglishPotato farming systems face stiff changes in strategic environment that is adherence to the sustainable agriculture protocols. This study aims to introduce a practical methodology for assessing multidimension sustainability of potato farming system and its application in some villages in Dieng Plateau, Wonosobo. Primary data obtained by interviewing farmers, extension agents, Regional Agricultural Service officials, seed producers and related stakeholders in October-December 2018. The research used the Rapfish method with multidimensional scaling approach. Research showed that the most sensitive attributes of potato farming system sustainability were mulch, fertilizer and organic utilization, and rotation for ecological dimension; farm production inputs, capital and labor for economic dimension; training, community perception and knowledge on sustainable agriculture, extension institution existence and functions for social-cultural dimension; extension effectiveness, interinstitutional coordination, and farmers’ group effectiveness for law and institution dimension; and irrigation and application of harvest and post-harvest technology for technology dimension. Less sustainable potato farming systems were found in three villages and sufficient sustainable categories were found in 15 villages. Sustainable potato farming system program in Dieng Plateau should be focused on villages with less sustainable categories and on the sensitive attributes. Further research is needed to rigorously review the methodology both theoretically and empirically.IndonesianUsaha tani kentang menghadapi perubahan lingkungan strategis yang menuntut mematuhi protokol pertanian berkelanjutan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan metode penilaian keberkelanjutan sistem usaha tani kentang multidimensi dan menerapkannya di beberapa desa di Dataran Tinggi Dieng, Wonosobo. Data yang digunakan ialah data primer hasil wawancara terhadap petani, penyuluh, staf Dinas Pertanian, penangkar benih dan stakeholder terkait pada Oktober-Desember 2018. Penelitian menggunakan metode Rapfish dengan pendekatan multidimensional scaling. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa atribut yang paling sensitif mempengaruhi keberlanjutan sistem usaha tani kentang adalah mulsa, penggunaan pupuk dan bahan organik serta rotasi untuk dimensi ekologi; sarana produksi pertanian, kapital, dan tenaga kerja untuk dimensi ekonomi; pelatihan, persepsi dan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang pertanian berkelanjutan, keberadaan dan fungsi kelembagaan penyuluhan untuk dimensi sosial budaya, efektifitas lembaga penyuluhan, koordinasi antar lembaga dan efektifitas kelompok tani untuk dimensi hukum dan kelembagaan; serta irigasi dan penggunaan teknologi panen dan pascapanen untuk dimensi teknologi. Sistem usaha tani kentang kurang berkelanjutan ditemukan di tiga desa, sementara di 15 desa lainnya termasuk cukup berkelanjutan. Pengembangan sistem usaha kentang di dataran tinggi Dieng sebaiknya difokuskan di desa-desa deng","PeriodicalId":162864,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Ekonomi","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126178681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Pilihan Petani Atas Pola Tanam di Agroekosistem Lahan Kering","authors":"Rangga Ditya Yofa, Yusman Syaukat, nFN Sumaryanto","doi":"10.21082/JAE.V38N1.2020.55-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/JAE.V38N1.2020.55-76","url":null,"abstract":"EnglishThe condition of agriculture in dry land agroecosystems has many limitations both biophysically and socio-economically. As a result, farmers become less optimal in applying cropping patterns. This study aims to analyze factors that influence cropping patterns in dry land agroecosystems. The main data used for the study is the 2008 and 2017 Panel Petani Nasional (Patanas) PSEKP, Ministry of Agriculture. Descriptive statistics was used to describe cropping patterns association with household characteristics, land types, agroclimate, land tenure, and level of income. The influence of each factor on cropping pattern was measured with the Average Marginal Effect computed from the Random Effect Multinomial Logit estimation. Most respondents are self-land owner smallholders. The vegetable-corn-vegetable cropping is the cropping pattern that produces the highest income. The main factor affecting cropping pattern choice is volatility of water availability. Land type, maize price ratio, and level education of household head also significantly affect the cropping pattern choice. It is recommended that the farmers efficiently use the available rain water by appropriate selection of crops and using water conservation technique. Irrigation tools facilitation should create flexibility for the farmers in choosing the optimal cropping patterns.IndonesianKondisi pertanian pada agroekosistem lahan kering memiliki banyak keterbatasan baik secara biofisik maupun sosial ekonomi. Akibatnya petani menjadi kurang optimal dalam menerapkan pola tanam. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pemilihan pola tanam oleh petani di agroekosistem lahan kering. Data utama yang digunakan adalah Panel Petani Nasional (Patanas) tahun 2008 dan 2017 bersumber dari PSEKP, Kementerian Pertanian. Analisis statistik deskriptif digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan hubungan asosiatif pola tanam dengan faktor-faktor yang diduga berpengaruh seperti karakteristik rumah tangga, jenis lahan, agroklimat, penguasaan lahan, harga, dan tingkat pendapatan. Pengaruh setiap faktor terhadap pola tanam diukur dengan Average Marginal Effect dari hasil estimasi Random Effect Multinomial Logit Model. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa responden didominasi oleh petani gurem dengan lahan milik sendiri. Pola sayur-jagung-sayur merupakan pola tanam yang menghasilkan pendapatan paling tinggi dibandingkan pola tanam lain. Faktor utama yang memengaruhi pola tanam adalah volatilitas ketersediaan air. Jenis lahan, rasio harga jagung, dan tingkat pendidikan kepala keluarga juga berpengaruh signifikan dengan arah dan besaran pengaruh yang berbeda antarpola tanam. Disarankan agar petani melakukan efisiensi pemanfaatan air melalui pemilihan komoditas yang sesuai dan penggunaan teknik konservasi air. Fasilitasi penyediaan sarana pengairan dapat meningkatkan fleksibilitas petani dalam memilih pola tanam optimal.","PeriodicalId":162864,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Ekonomi","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121082045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pemilahan Volatilitas Harga Daging Sapi Menggunakan Metode Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition","authors":"Fitriani Hasanah, Harie Wijayanto, I. M. Sumertajaya","doi":"10.21082/JAE.V38N1.2020.41-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/JAE.V38N1.2020.41-54","url":null,"abstract":"EnglishStaple food prices include the major determinants of households food security and general inflation. Beef is a basic food which its price is controlled by the Government of Indonesia. This study aims to identify the determinants beef price volatility using the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) method. The data was a weekly series of Januari 2006–Desember 2018 obtained from the Ministry of Trade. EEMD extracts data into a number of Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) that are independent which are then used to forecast beef prices with the ARIMA model. EEMD produced 6 IMFs and one residual. The residual contributed 99.85% to beef price volatility. This means that the long-term trend of beef prices is determined by the residual trends. The EEMD results indicate that the high beef price volatility in certain periods is mainly due to high demand during the Ramadhan month and Idul Fitri, import quota policy, and changes in exchange rates and petroleum prices. The IMF and residual based ARIMA forecasting model obtained MAPE value of 0.42% but with contradicting directions. The Government may use the import quota as a policy instrument for stabilizing the beef price.IndonesianHarga pangan pokok termasuk faktor penentu utama ketahanan pangan rumah tangga dan inflasi umum. Daging sapi adalah salah satu bahan pangan pokok yang harganya dikendalikan Pemerintah Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi faktor penentu volatilitas harga daging sapi dengan metode Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD). EEMD menguraikan data menjadi sejumlah Intrinsic Mode Function (IMF) yang saling bebas yang selanjutnya digunakan untuk melakukan peramalan harga daging sapi dengan model ARIMA. Data yang digunakan adalah harga daging sapi mingguan Januari 2006–Desember 2018 yang diperoleh dari Kementerian Perdagangan. EEMD menghasilkan 6 IMF dan satu sisaan. Sisaan IMF memberikan kontribusi sebesar 99,85% terhadap pergerakan harga daging sapi. Artinya bahwa tren jangka panjang harga daging sapi ditentukan oleh tren sisaan. Berdasarkan hasil EEMD, volatilitas harga daging sapi yang tinggi pada periode-periode tertentu dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor terutama tingginya permintaan selama bulan Ramadhan dan Idul Fitri dan kebijakan kuota impor, serta perubahan nilai tukar rupiah dan harga BBM. Model peramalan ARIMA yang diduga berdasarkan IMF dan sisaan IMF menghasilkan nilai MAPE sebesar 0,42%, namun arah perubahannya tidak bersesuaian. Disarankan agar pemerintah menggunakan kuota impor sebagai salah satu instrumen kebijakan stabilisasi harga daging sapi.","PeriodicalId":162864,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Ekonomi","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125594727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dampak Kebijakan Domestik terhadap Ketersediaan Jagung untuk Bahan Baku Industri Pengolahan di Indonesia","authors":"Veralianta Br Sebayang, B. M. Sinaga, Nfn Harianto, I. K. Kariyasa","doi":"10.21082/jae.v37n2.2019.141-155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/jae.v37n2.2019.141-155","url":null,"abstract":"EnglishMaize is a strategic commodity for Indonesia. In line with the consumption pattern, the domestic demand for maize has changed from previously dominated by household consumption to presently dominated by raw material for feed and food processing industries. The maize demand of the processing industry increases rapidly, outpaced   domestic production growth, that makes Indonesia must import maize in an increasing amount. This study aims to determine the impact of government policy on maize production which is the input of the maize processing industry. The analysis was conducted using an econometric simultaneous equation system model which was estimated with the two stages least squares technique using time series data of 1985-2017. The results show that the maize harvest area is negatively related with labor wage and urea price, and is positively related with the maize farm price. Maize productivity is positively related with quantity of urea fertilizer and hybrid seeds. but negatively related with composite seeds. The scenario of subsidizing urea prices and hybrid seed, raising import tariffs can increase the availability maize for processing industries as indicated by increasing domestic production and decreasing maize imports.IndonesianJagung termasuk komoditas strategis untuk Indonesia. Seiring dengan perubahan pola konsumsi, permintaan jagung dalam negeri berubah dari sebelumnya didominasi oleh konsumsi rumah tangga menjadi kini didominasi oleh bahan baku industri pengolahan pakan dan pangan.  Kebutuhan jagung untuk bahan baku industri pengolahan meningkat pesat, bahkan melampaui peningkatan produksi jagung dalam negeri, sehingga Indonesia terpaksa mengimpor jagung dalam jumlah yang terus meningkat. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak kebijakan pemerintah terhadap produksi jagung yang menjadi input industri pengolahan jagung. Metode analisis yang digunakan ialah model ekonometrika sistem persamaan simultan yang diduga dengan teknik two stages least squares memakai data deret waktu 1985-2017. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa luas areal panen jagung berhubungan negatif dengan upah buruh tani dan harga pupuk urea, sebaliknya, berhubungan positif terhadap harga jagung di tingkat petani. Produktivitas jagung berhubungan positif dengan volume penggunaan pupuk urea dan benih hibrida, namun berhubungan negatif dengan benih komposit. Skenario kebijakan subsidi harga pupuk urea, subsidi harga benih hibrida, dan kenaikan tarif impor dapat meningkatkan ketersediaan bahan baku industri pengolahan dan peternak mandiri sebagaimana ditunjukkan oleh kenaikan produksi dalam negeri dan penurunan impor jagung.","PeriodicalId":162864,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Ekonomi","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124291773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dampak Penggunaan Combine Harvester terhadap Kehilangan Hasil Panen Padi di Provinsi Banten","authors":"Eka Rastiyanto Amrullah, Ani Pullaila","doi":"10.21082/jae.v37n2.2019.113-122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/jae.v37n2.2019.113-122","url":null,"abstract":"EnglishCombined Harvester (CH) aid is part of the Indonesian government policy instrument for accelerating rice production and increasing farmers’ income. In addition to reducing harvesting cost and time, CH may also reduce harvest loss. This study intends to quantify rice yield loss reduction if CH is used for harvesting. The study was conducted in Banten Province in 2014 using primary data collected from 119 CH user farmers and 116 non-user farmers selected purposively. Preliminary analysis was conducted using regression which was estimated with the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. Since OLS estimated regression is prone to sample selection bias, subsequent analysis is conducted using the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) estimator with a logistic regression. The PSM analysis support the regression analysis that CH reduces harvest loss. Based on the Stratification Matching, it was found that the CH reduces harvest loss by up to 200.39 kg per hectare or around 3.52% of total yield. It is recommended that the Government facilitates provision of technical assistance and training for CH operator farmers or farmers’ groups particularly the first users aid recipients. The harvest reduction advantage is an additional reason for supporting feasibility of CH scaling out policy in Indonesia.IndonesianBantuan combined harvester (CH) padi adalah salah satu instrumen kebijakan pemerintah Indonesia untuk mendorong peningkatan produksi dan pendapatan petani padi. Walau manfaat utamanya adalah untuk menghemat ongkos dan mempercepat panen, CH juga dapat mengurangi kehilangan panen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung kuantitas pengurangan kehilangan hasil usaha tani padi jika panen dilakukan dengan CH. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan data primer dari 119 petani pengguna dan 116 petani nonpengguna CH yang dipilih sengaja di Provinsi Banten pada tahun 2014. Analisis awal dilakukan dengan regresi yang diduga dengan kwadrat terkecil biasa (OLS). Untuk mengatasi potensi bias sampel pada analisis regresi OLS, selanjutnya digunakan penduga Propensity Score Matching (PSM) dengan mempergunakan regresi logistik. Hasil analisis PSM memverifikasi efek positif penggunaan CH terhadap kehilangan hasil berdasarkan analisis regresi OLS. Berdasarkan Stratification Matching didapatkan bahwa penggunan CH dapat menekan kehilangan hasil sebesar 200,39 kg per hektare atau sekitar 3,52% dari total hasil. Disarankan agar pemerintah memfasilitasi pendampingan dan pelatihan teknis kepada petani atau kelompok tani operator, utamanya pengguna pertama penerima bantuan. Manfaat mengurangi kehilangan panen memperkuat kelayakan kebijakan perluasan penggunaan CH di Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":162864,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Ekonomi","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115570279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volatilitas dan Transmisi Harga Cabai Merah Keriting pada Pasar Vertikal di Provinsi Bengkulu","authors":"nFN Miftahuljanah, Ketut Sukiyono, P. S. Asriani","doi":"10.21082/JAE.V38N1.2020.29-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/JAE.V38N1.2020.29-39","url":null,"abstract":"EnglishRed chili is a commodity of high value for farmers and a significant contribution to general price inflation in aggregate economy. The impacts on farmers’ income and national inflation are related to the chili price volatility due to harvest seasonality. The objective of the study is to analyze curly red chili price volatility and price formation at producers’, wholesales’ and consumers’ market levels. The data used is secondary data of monthly chili prices in Rejang Lebong Regency, the chili production center in Bengkulu, from 2007 to 2017. The price volatility was analyzed using the ARCH-GARCH method and the price transmission was analyzed using the ECM (Error Correction Model) method. The results showed that the price volatilities were high at producers’ and wholesales’ levels but low at consumer level. The price formation at producer level is primarily determined by price at wholesales’ level that contributes 71% and at consumers’ level that contributes 16%. The short run adjustment coefficient toward long run equilibrium is -0.5849. The appropriate strategy to stabilize the curly red chili price at both producers’ and consumers’ levels in Bengkulu is combination of controlling the price at distributors’ level policy and expanding and stabilizing production policy.IndonesianCabai merah adalah komoditas bernilai ekonomis tinggi bagi petani dan penyumbang nyata inflasi harga umum secara agregat. Dampak terhadap pendapatan petani maupun inflasi terutama berkaitan dengan harga cabai yang amat fluktuatif sebagai akibat dari panen musiman. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis volatilitas dan pembentukan harga cabai merah keriting di tingkat produsen, grosir, dan konsumen. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder bulanan harga cabai merah keriting di Kabupaten Rejang Lebong, sentra produksi cabai di Provinsi Bengkulu, pada tahun 2007–2017. Volatilitas harga dianalisis dengan metode ARCH-GARCH sedangkan transmisi harga dianalisis dengan metode ECM (Error Correction Model). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa volatilitas harga di tingkat produsen dan grosir tergolong tinggi sedangkan di tingkat konsumen tergolong rendah. Pasar grosir adalah pemimpin pasar dan pembentuk harga di tingkat produsen maupun konsumen. Faktor utama pembentuk harga cabai di tingkat produsen adalah harga di tingkat grosir sebesar 71% dan harga di tingkat konsumen sebesar 16%. Koefisien penyesuaian harga dalam jangka pendek menuju keseimbangan jangka panjang adalah -0,5849. Strategi yang tepat untuk stabilisasi harga cabai merah keriting baik di tingkat produsen maupun di tingkat konsumen di Provinsi Bengkulu ialah kombinasi kebijakan mengendalikan harga di tingkat grosir dan kebijakan peningkatan dan stabilisasi produksi.","PeriodicalId":162864,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Ekonomi","volume":"184 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114247775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimasi Permintaan Daging Sapi di Provinsi Jawa Timur dengan Model Sistem Pengeluaran Linier","authors":"Lia Rohmatul Maula, Ratya Anindita, N. Syafrial.","doi":"10.21082/JAE.V37N1.2019.47-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/JAE.V37N1.2019.47-60","url":null,"abstract":"EnglishBeef is a basic food for which Indonesian government controls the commodity production and trade. Formulation and socio-economic impact evaluation of the beef production and trade policies requires understanding of the beef demand behavior and parameters. Accordingly, this study aims to analyze the beef demand behavior and estimated elasticities in East Java Province. This study uses primary data Susenas from the 2016 Central Bureau of Statistics, assuming that the beef demand function uses the Linear Expenditure System (LES) with the Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) method. Factors that have a positive and significant effects on the demand for beef are the prices of fresh shrimp, native chicken meat, and processed meat. In aggregate explained that the commodities of beef, fresh shrimp, native chicken meat, and processed meat are elastic in price. Cross elasticities show that fresh shrimp, native chicken and processed meat are substitute commodities of beef. Income elasticities show that all animal protein commodities in urban and rural areas are normal good. Realizing that native chicken meat is a substitute for beef demand, its recommended for the government to facilitate accelerating growth of the native chicken meat production and slowing down the beef demand growth as part of the strategy to achieve beef self-sufficiency, increasing farmers ‘welfare and promoting rural economic development.IndonesianDaging sapi adalah salah satu bahan pangan pokok bagi penduduk Indonesia yang produksi dan perdagangannya diatur pemerintah. Perumusan paket dan analisis dampak sosial ekonomi kebijakan produksi maupun perdagangan daging sapi membutuhkan informasi tentang perilaku dan parameter permintaan daging sapi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perilaku dan mengestimasi elastisitas permintaan daging sapi di Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer Susenas Badan Pusat Statistika 2016 dengan menduga fungsi permintaan daging sapi menggunakan model Sistem Pengeluaran Linier (Linear Expenditure System) yang diestimasi dengan Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR). Faktor yang berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap permintaan daging sapi adalah harga udang segar, daging ayam kampung, dan harga daging olahan. Secara agregat, permintaan daging sapi, udang segar, daging ayam kampung, dan daging olahan bersifat elastis terhadap harga. Elastisitas silang menunjukkan bahwa udang segar, daging ayam kampung, dan daging olahan merupakan komoditas substitusi untuk daging sapi. Elastisitas pendapatan menunjukkan bahwa semua komoditas protein hewani di perkotaan maupun perdesaan merupakan barang normal. Memperhatikan bahwa permintaan daging sapi bersubsitusi dengan daging ayam kampung maka disarankan agar pemerintah memfasilitasi akselerasi peningkatan produksi daging ayam kampung guna mengurangi peningkatan permintaan terhadap daging sapi sebagai bagian dari strategi mewujudkan swasembada daging sapi, peningkatan pendapatan petani dan mendorong per","PeriodicalId":162864,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Ekonomi","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115343430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KEBIJAKAN DUKUNGAN DOMESTIK UNTUK MENETRALISIR DAMPAK NEGATIF PENURUNAN TARIF IMPOR TERHADAP INDUSTRI GULA INDONESIA","authors":"M. E. Rahman, B. M. Sinaga, Nfn Harianto, S. Susilowati","doi":"10.21082/jae.v36n2.2018.91-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/jae.v36n2.2018.91-112","url":null,"abstract":"EnglishReduction toward elimination of import tariffs for all tradable products is a common modality of international trade agreements. Although it may be beneficial for reducing retail prices, import tariff reduction could create some negative impacts on farming, farmers’ welfare, and agro-processing industries. One of the most immediate impacts to anticipate is import tariff reduction on sugar. Accordingly, this study aims to formulate domestic support policy mix for neutralizing the negative impacts of sugar import tariff reduction on the Indonesian sugar industry. The study is conducted by developing an econometric policy simulation model for the Indonesian sugar industry, consisting of 21 structural equations and 15 identities, estimated by the Two-Stage Least Square method using time series data of 1995−2016. The result shows that sugar import tariff reduction, on one hand, is good because it reduces retail sugar price, but on the other hand, it is bad because it reduces sugar farmer price and domestic sugar production, increases sugar import, and reduces molasses export. As a consequence of the international agreements, the policy mix suggested for neutralizing the negative impacts of the sugar import tariff reduction should include increasing the planted area of sugar cane crop and construction of new sugar factories. IndonesianPenurunan hingga penghapusan tarif impor untuk semua produk yang diperdagangkan adalah modalitas utama peningkatan akses pasar pada setiap kesepakatan perdagangan internasional. Walau bermanfaat menurunkan harga eceran, penurunan tarif impor dapat berdampak negatif terhadap kinerja usaha tani, kesejahteraan petani, dan industri pengolahan hasil pertanian. Salah satu yang perlu segera diantisipasi ialah penurunan tarif impor gula. Sejalan dengan itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan bauran kebijakan dukungan domestik yang dapat menetralisasi dampak negatif penurunan tarif impor terhadap industri gula Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membangun model ekononometrik simulasi kebijakan industri gula Indonesia yang terdiri dari 21 persamaan struktural dan 15 persamaan identitas yang diestimasi menggunakan metode Two Stage Least Square dengan data time series periode 1995 hingga 2016. Hasil analisis simulasi menunjukkan bahwa penurunan tarif impor gula, di satu sisi, berdampak baik karena dapat menurunkan harga gula eceran domestik, namun di sisi lain berdampak tidak baik karena menyebabkan penurunan harga gula petani dan menurunkan produksi gula domestik, meningkatkan impor gula, dan menurunkan ekspor molase. Jika sekiranya terpaksa dilakukan sebagai konsekuensi dari pelaksanaan kesepakatan kerja sama perdagangan internasional maka bauran kebijakan yang disarankan untuk menetralisasi dampak negatif penurunan tarif impor gula ialah peningkatan luas areal tanam tebu dan pembangunan pabrik gula baru.","PeriodicalId":162864,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Ekonomi","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121226540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN RANTAI PASOK KENTANG BERKELANJUTAN DI KABUPATEN MAGETAN","authors":"Arum Hidayati, Heru Irianto, nFN Kusnandar","doi":"10.21082/JAE.V36N2.2018.163-182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/JAE.V36N2.2018.163-182","url":null,"abstract":"EnglishThe accelerating demand growth as reflected by significant increase of potato consumption per capita indicates high potential of potato development in Indonesia. Potato production in Magetan Regency in recent years, however, has been fluctuating, perhaps due to some weaknesses in its supply chains. The objective of this study, therefore, is to formulate a sustainable supply chain development strategy for potato in Magetan Regency. The study was conducted using the Sustainable Supply Chain Management perspective and the Analytical Network Process. The study was conducted in 2016. The results show that development of sustainable supply chain is the key for accelerating and stabilization of potato production growth. Although the economic dimension is the highest priority, the social and environmental dimensions are almost equally important as well. While varietal and technological choice should be based on the highest profit, it nevertheless should also be socially acceptable and environmentally friendly, such as the Granola variety in Magetan Regency. The priority actors are farmers, government, and traders (collectors and wholesalers). The priority strategic action programs are increasing potato farming product quality and productivity, increasing potato value added, and empowering of farmers and farmers’ groups.Keywords:  IndonesianAkselerasi pertumbuhan permintaan yang dicerminkan oleh peningkatan nyata konsumsi per kapita mengindikasikan bahwa kentang berpotensi besar untuk dikembangkan di Indonesia. Namun demikian, produksi kentang di Kabupaten Magetan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir ternyata berfluktuasi yang ditengarai akibat dari beberapa kelamahan pada rantai pasok. Sejalan dengan itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan strategi pengembangan kinerja rantai pasok berkelanjutan untuk kentang di Kabupaten Magetan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan perspektif Sustainable Supply Chain Management dan metode analisis the Analytical Network Process. Penelitian dilakukan pada 2016. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan rantai pasok berkelanjutan adalah kunci untuk akselerasi dan stabilisasi produksi. Dimensi ekonomi merupakan prioritas utama, namun dimensi sosial dan lingkungan hampir sama pentingnya. Pemilihan varietas atau teknologi didasarkan pada keuntungan terbesar, namun juga diterima secara sosial dan ramah lingkungan, seperti varietas Granola di Kabupaten Magetan. Aktor terpenting ialah petani, pemerintah, dan pedagang (pengumpul dan pedagang besar). Program aksi strategis diprioritaskan pada peningkatan kualitas dan produktivitas usaha tani, peningkatan nilai tambah kentang, serta pemberdayaan petani dan kelompok tani.","PeriodicalId":162864,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Ekonomi","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121353584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peran Penyuluhan Pertanian dan Preferensi Risiko terhadap Penggunaan Pupuk Berlebih pada Usaha Tani Padi","authors":"Roydatul Zikria, Ariesta Damayanti","doi":"10.21082/jae.v37n1.2019.79-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/jae.v37n1.2019.79-94","url":null,"abstract":"EnglishFertilizer overuse was expected to increase rice production. Yet it might decrease soil fertility in the long term. In Indonesia, there were more than 50% of farm households who used nitrogen fertilizer in excess although government recommendation was 250 kg/ha. In 2010, the average of nitrogen fertilizer overuse was 285 kg/ha and it decreased to 278 kg/ha in 2016. This study was aimed to analyse the impact of agricultural extension and risk preference on fertilizer overuse using Patanas Survey in 2010 and 2016. Those effects were estimated with Tobit model. Risk preference of farm households were estimated with non-parametric model using Just-Pope production function. The empirical results showed that agricultural extension reduced significantly fertilizer overuse in rice farming. Moreover, this study found that degree of risk preference negatively and significantly affected on fertilizer overuse. If degree of risk preference increased by one unit then fertilizer overuse decreased by 1.36 kg/ha, so its efficiency was only Rp2,448/ha. The cost efficiency was small because this study only used nitrogen fertilizer overuse as dependent variable whose dose was recommended by Ministry of Agriculture. Hence, other chemical fertilizer dose should be recommended by creating a regulation so fertilizer overuse could be prevented. IndonesianPenggunaan pupuk berlebih dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produksi padi. Namun dalam jangka panjang penggunaan pupuk yang berlebih dapat menurunkan kesuburan tanah. Lebih dari 50% rumah tangga petani di Indonesia menggunakan urea secara berlebih meskipun pemerintah telah merekomendasikan sebesar 250 kg/ha. Pada tahun 2010 rata-rata penggunaan urea berlebih mencapai 285 kg/ha sedangkan pada tahun 2016 rata-rata penggunaanya menjadi 278 kg/ha. Dengan menggunakan data Survei Panel Petani Nasional (Patanas) Tahun 2010 dan Tahun 2016, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran penyuluhan pertanian dan preferensi risiko terhadap kelebihan penggunaan pupuk. Dampak tersebut diestimasi dengan model tobit. Preferensi risiko rumah tangga petani dihitung dengan model nonparametrik menggunakan fungsi produksi Just-Pope. Hasil empiris menunjukkan bahwa penyuluhan pertanian berperan signifikan dalam mengurangi kelebihan penggunaan pupuk pada usaha tani padi. Selain itu, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa tingkat risk preference berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kelebihan penggunaan pupuk. Kenaikan satu unit tingkat risk preference mengakibatkan rumah tangga petani mengurangi kelebihan penggunaan pupuk sebanyak 1,36 kg/ha sehingga terjadi efisiensi sebesar Rp2.448/ha. Kecilnya efisiensi biaya dalam penelitian dikarenakan penggunaan pupuk yang diukur sebagai variabel dependen hanya urea dengan dosis yang telah ditetapkan oleh Kementan. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya regulasi yang mengatur dosis penggunaan pupuk kimia lain sehingga penggunaan pupuk berlebih dapat dicegah.","PeriodicalId":162864,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Ekonomi","volume":"362 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122818111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}