Journal of Lipids最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Starvation on the Levels of Triglycerides, Diacylglycerol, and Activity of Lipase in Male and Female Drosophila Melanogaster.","authors":"Ved Chauhan,&nbsp;Asaba Anis,&nbsp;Abha Chauhan","doi":"10.1155/2021/5583114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5583114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We studied the effects of starvation on changes in neutral lipids in male and female <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> (fruit fly) at different ages. When flies were subjected to starvation, the mortality rate was observed to be age- and gender-dependent: male flies died earlier as compared to female flies, and older flies died earlier than younger flies. There was an increase in the number of dead flies and the levels of diacylglycerol (DG) with starvation time. This increase in DG was observed much earlier in male flies as compared to female flies, which correlated with earlier death in male flies during starvation in comparison to female flies. We also analyzed the levels of triglycerides (TG) and lipase activity during starvation of flies. The levels of TG decreased depending upon the duration of starvation in both male and female flies. Interestingly, we observed that like DG, there was also an increase in lipase activity due to starvation, which also correlated with earlier death in male flies as compared to female flies. Our results suggest that increase in DG levels and lipase activity due to starvation may be the main cause of death in the flies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16274,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipids","volume":"2021 ","pages":"5583114"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8018841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25574797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors Associated with Statin-Associated Muscle Symptoms in Patients Attending a Specialized Regional Lipid Clinic.","authors":"M K Saeed,&nbsp;J Shah,&nbsp;R Damani,&nbsp;F Rahman,&nbsp;P Patel,&nbsp;P Gupta","doi":"10.1155/2021/8882706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8882706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) are the major side effects reported for statins. Data from previous studies suggest that 7-29% of patients on statin had associated muscle symptoms. In the UK, there is a lack of corresponding data on SAMS and factors associated with the development of SAMS.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This analysis is aimed at establishing the prevalence of SAMS and identifying major contributory risk factors in patients attending a lipid clinic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical records of 535 consecutive patients, who visited the lipid clinic in the University Hospitals of Leicester, were studied retrospectively between 2009 and 2012. SAMS were defined by the presence of muscle symptoms with two or more different statins. Patients who reported muscle symptoms to statin with one or no rechallenge were excluded. The association of SAMS with clinical characteristics such as age and BMI, sex, smoking, excess alcohol, comorbidities, and medications was tested for statistical significance. A binomial logistic regression model was applied to adjust for risk factors significantly associated with SAMS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of SAMS was found to be 11%. On unadjusted analysis, the mean age of patients who had SAMS was significantly higher than those without SAMS (59.4 ± 10.5 years vs. 50.3 ± 13.4 years, respectively, <i>P</i> < 0.001). Nonsmokers were more likely to develop SAMS in comparison to active smokers (<i>P</i> = 0.037). Patients taking antihypertensive medications were more likely to develop SAMS (<i>P</i> = 0.010). In binomial logistic regression analysis, only age was positively and significantly associated with SAMS after adjusting for other risk factors (<i>β</i> = 0.054, <i>P</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To the best of our knowledge, this study is the largest cohort of patients with SAMS in the United Kingdom. Our data suggest that the prevalence of SAMS is 11% and increased age is a risk factor associated with the development of SAMS in our cohort of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16274,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipids","volume":"2021 ","pages":"8882706"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7997746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25536641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overconsumption of Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) versus Deficiency of Omega-3 PUFAs in Modern-Day Diets: The Disturbing Factor for Their \"Balanced Antagonistic Metabolic Functions\" in the Human Body.","authors":"Abeba Haile Mariamenatu, Emebet Mohammed Abdu","doi":"10.1155/2021/8848161","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2021/8848161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) contain ≥2 double-bond desaturations within the acyl chain. Omega-3 (n-3) and Omega-6 (n-6) PUFAs are the two known important families in human health and nutrition. In both Omega families, many forms of PUFAs exist: <i>α</i>-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from the n-3 family and linoleic acid (LA), dihomo-<i>γ</i>-linolenic acid (DGLA), and arachidonic acid (AA) from the n-6 family are the important PUFAs for human health. Omega-3 and Omega-6 PUFAs are competitively metabolized by the same set of desaturation, elongation, and oxygenase enzymes. The lipid mediators produced from their oxidative metabolism perform opposing (antagonistic) functions in the human body. Except for DGLA, n-6 PUFA-derived lipid mediators enhance inflammation, platelet aggregation, and vasoconstriction, while those of n-3 inhibit inflammation and platelet aggregation and enhance vasodilation. Overconsumption of n-6 PUFAs with low intake of n-3 PUFAs is highly associated with the pathogenesis of many modern diet-related chronic diseases. The volume of n-6 PUFAs is largely exceeding the volume of n-3PUFAs. The current n-6/n-3 ratio is 20-50/1. Due to higher ratios of n-6/n-3 in modern diets, larger quantities of LA- and AA-derived lipid mediators are produced, becoming the main causes of the formation of thrombus and atheroma, the allergic and inflammatory disorders, and the proliferation of cells, as well as the hyperactive endocannabinoid system. Therefore, in order to reduce all of these risks which are due to overconsumption of n-6 PUFAs, individuals are required to take both PUFAs in the highly recommended n-6/n-3 ratio which is 4-5/1.</p>","PeriodicalId":16274,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipids","volume":"2021 ","pages":"8848161"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7990530/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25558801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of Lipids and Prevalence of Dyslipidemia among Indian Expatriates in Qatar.","authors":"R Nirwan,&nbsp;D Singh","doi":"10.1155/2021/8866784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8866784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dyslipidemia is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). If detected and managed in the early stages of life, can reduce morbidity and mortality associated with CVD in a vulnerable population. Out of the 94 expatriate nationalities in Qatar, Indians constitute the most prominent single nationality, accounting for 21.8% of the total population (2,773,885 in 2019). This study aims to determine the status of the lipid profile among Indians in Qatar. <i>Study Design</i>. We conducted an observational retrospective study on lipid profile test data of Indian expatriates visiting a private healthcare facility in Qatar from Oct 17 to Oct 2018 to evaluate the gender and age-specific distribution of lipids and the prevalence of dyslipidemia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the total 4483 Indian expatriates (3891 men and 592 women), the mean (SD) mg/dL levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were higher in men TC 196.9 (40.6), TG 168.9 (114.6), and LDL-C 122.9 (37.2) mg/dL compared to women TC 185 (38.1), TG 117.7 (78.2), and LDL-C 114.1 (31.1) mg/dL, <i>p</i> value < 0.0001. Utilizing predefined National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) limits to categorize dyslipidemias; the greater prevalence of elevated TC, TG, and LDL-C was noted in men 44.7%, 45.8%, and 40.9% than women 31.6%, 22%, and 28.7%, respectively. However, women had higher levels of mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) as 47.1 (9.8) mg/dL vs. 40.6 (8.3) mg/dL in men, <i>p</i> value < 0.05, the prevalence of dyslipidemia, low HDL-C was also more 65.7% vs. 48.9% in women than men. With age, men showed a declining trend while women showed a rising trend for mean lipid levels as well as for the prevalence of dyslipidemia, high TC, TG, and LDL-C (<i>p</i> value < 0.0001). The mean HDL-C cholesterol increased, and the prevalence of dyslipidemia, low HDL-C decreased with age in both the genders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results demonstrate the higher mean lipid levels and prevalence of atherogenic dyslipidemia among Indian expatriate men than women counterparts at the younger age group. The screening programs and awareness campaigns must be initiated to prevent the early onset of dyslipidemia induced atherosclerosis leading to CVD. Future controlled studies are needed to estimate the prevalence of dyslipidemias among Indian migrants in Qatar.</p>","PeriodicalId":16274,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipids","volume":"2021 ","pages":"8866784"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7960024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25501176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dyslipidemia and Associated Risk Factors in the Elderly Population in Asmara, Eritrea: Results from a Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Oliver Okoth Achila, Mathewos Araya, Arsiema Brhane Berhe, Niat Habteab Haile, Luwam Kahsai Tsige, Bethelihem Yemane Shifare, Tesfalem Abel Bitew, Israel Eyob Berhe, S. Mengistu, E. Yohaness","doi":"10.1155/2021/6155304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6155304","url":null,"abstract":"Background The ultimate goal of the study was to approximate the burden and patterns of dyslipidemia in a subset of the elderly population (≥60–85 years) living in Asmara, Eritrea, and to identify modifiable risk drivers. Methods A total of 319 (145 (45.5%) male vs. 174 (54.5%) female, mean age ± SD (68.06 ± 6.16 years), participants from randomly selected estates within Asmara were enrolled. Demographic and medical information was collected using a standardized questionnaire. Anthropometric, lipid panel, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and blood pressure (BP) measurements were subsequently taken. Results The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 70.5%. The proportions of dyslipidemias were (in order of decreasing frequency) high TC (51.2%), LDL-C (43.7%), low HDL-C (28.2%), and TG (27.6%). The average (±SD) concentrations in mg/dL of TC, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, TG, HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, and TG/HDL-C were 202.2 ± 40.63, 125.95 ± 33.16, 151.72 ± 37.19, 129 ± 57.16, 50.48 ± 10.91, 4.11 ± 0.91, and 2.72 ± 1.49, respectively. Furthermore, 17.5%, 21.6%, 11.0%, and 5.0% had abnormalities in 1, 2, 3, and 4 lipid disorders with the copresence of TC+LDL-C abnormalities dominating. Regarding National Cholesterol Education Program Third Adult Treatment Panel risk strata, 18.5%, 14.5%, 28.2%, and 12.9% were in high or very high-risk categories for TC, LDL-C, TG, and HDL-C, respectively. The high burden of dyslipidemia coexisted with an equally high burden of abdominal obesity (43.1%), FPG ≥ 100 mg/dL (16%), hypertension (28.5%), and physical inactivity. Overall, dyslipidemia was associated with sex (females: aOR = 2.6, 95%CI = 1.1–6.1, p = 0.017) and daily physical activity—higher in individuals undertaking physical activity for <1 hour (aOR = 2.6, 95%CI = 1.1–6.1, p = 0.029), 1-2 hours (aOR = 3.2, 95%CI = 1.24–8.5, p = 0.016), and 2-3 hours (aOR = 2.0, 95%CI = 0.7–5.8, p = 0.192) (Ref: >3 hours). Additional associations included increasing FPG (aOR = 1.02, 95%CI = 1.0–1.04, p = 0.039), and BMI (aOR = 1.19, 95%CI = 1.09–1.3, p < 0.001). These factors, along with waist circumference (WC), consumption of traditional foods, systolic BP, and diastolic BP, were, with some variations, associated with disparate dyslipidemias. Conclusions The burden of dyslipidemia in the elderly population in Asmara is high. Modifiable risk drivers included FPG, WC, physical inactivity, and low consumption of traditional food. Overall, efforts directed at scaling up early recognition and treatment, including optimal pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapy, at all levels of care, should be instituted.","PeriodicalId":16274,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipids","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90224783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Novelty of Icosapent Ethyl in the Management of Hypertriglyceridemia and Alleviating Cardiovascular Risk.","authors":"Muhammad Shoaib Khan, Muhammad Ishaq, Muhammad Talha Ayub, Ateeq U Rehman, John J Hayes, Mohammad Mortada, Robert W W Biederman","doi":"10.1155/2021/6696915","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2021/6696915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertriglyceridemia is believed to be independently associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. Lifestyle changes and dietary modifications are recommended for individuals with high serum triglyceride (TG) levels (150-499 mg/dl), and pharmacological therapy in addition to lifestyle modification is recommended when serum TG levels ≥ 500 mg/dl. A residual cardiovascular risk remains even in statin appropriate treated patients with CVD risk factors, and in this patient population, hypertriglyceridemia poses an independent and increased risk of ischemic events. In December 2019, the US FDA approved icosapent ethyl (IPE) as an adjunct to a maximally tolerated statin to reduce the risk of CVD events in adults with serum triglycerides > 150 mg/dl and have either established cardiovascular disease or diabetes and two or more additional CVD risk factors. Since IPE significantly decreases total ischemic events in the aforementioned patient population, it would be intriguing to know whether IPE alone added an advantage to lifestyle modification in the low-risk population, who has serum triglyceride between 150 mg/dl and 499 mg/dl.</p>","PeriodicalId":16274,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipids","volume":"2021 ","pages":"6696915"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2021-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7815393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38869661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Fatty Acid Profiles of Stipe and Blade from the Norwegian Brown Macroalgae Laminaria Hyperborea with Special Reference to Acyl Glycerides, Polar Lipids, and Free Fatty Acids\".","authors":"Lena Foseid,&nbsp;Hanne Devle,&nbsp;Yngve Stenstrøm,&nbsp;Carl Fredrik Naess-Andresen,&nbsp;Dag Ekeberg","doi":"10.1155/2021/1207139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/1207139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2017/1029702.].</p>","PeriodicalId":16274,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipids","volume":"2021 ","pages":"1207139"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7826238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38878660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Protective Effects of Simvastatin, a Lipid Lowering Agent, Against Oxidative Damage in Experimental Diabetic Rats\".","authors":"Ahmed M Mohamadin,&nbsp;Ahmed A Elberry,&nbsp;Hala S Abdel Gawad,&nbsp;Gehan M Morsy,&nbsp;Fahad A Al-Abbasi","doi":"10.1155/2020/4536827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4536827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2011/167958.].</p>","PeriodicalId":16274,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipids","volume":"2020 ","pages":"4536827"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7769670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38794615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicochemical Properties, Fatty Acid Composition, and the Effect of Heating on the Reduction of Cyclopropenoid Fatty Acids on Baobab (<i>Adansonia digitata</i> L.) Crude Seed Oil.","authors":"Upendo L Msalilwa,&nbsp;Edna E Makule,&nbsp;Linus K Munishi,&nbsp;Patrick A Ndakidemi","doi":"10.1155/2020/6691298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6691298","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The baobab seed oil has been consumed by humans due to its medicinal and nutrient values for many years. However, the consumption of baobab seed oil has been perceived by different communities as a health risk caused by cyclopropenoid fatty acids (CPFAs), which are carcinogenic ingredients present in the oil. This study investigated the physicochemical properties and fatty acid profile of baobab crude seed oil collected from semiarid areas in Tanzania and determined the effects of heating on the reduction of CPFAs. The baobab seed crude oil was extracted by Soxhlet using n-hexane, and the fatty acid composition of the baobab seed crude oil was determined by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC). Since CPFAs are resistant to lower temperatures, the effect of heating on the CPFA content of baobab crude seed oil was studied at 150°C, 200°C, and 250°C. The <i>A. digitata</i> crude seed oil was found to contain mainly twelve essential fatty acids and two different CPFAs. The most abundant fatty acids were palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid in all the baobab population hotspots occurring in Tanzania. There was no significant difference in most physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition across the different semiarid areas in Tanzania. The major breakdown of CPFAs occurs at 200°C, and that would be the optimal temperature recommended for the refining process of the baobab crude oil. The study recommended refining of the baobab oil at higher temperatures ranging from 200 - 250°C as the best way of reducing CPFAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16274,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipids","volume":"2020 ","pages":"6691298"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/6691298","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38878659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Palm Oil-Fried Street Kokor on Liver and Kidney Biomarkers of Swiss Albino Mice.","authors":"Hailemariam Amsalu,&nbsp;Tesaka Wondimnew,&nbsp;Tigist Mateos,&nbsp;Minale Fekadie,&nbsp;Gesese Bogale","doi":"10.1155/2020/8819749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8819749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Foods fried with oils at streets contain many harmful substances for health. Locally fried foods are consumed commonly in our society, yet their health effect is not studied.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the effect of palm oil-fried street kokor on liver and kidney biomarkers of Swiss Albino mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-two male and female Swiss Albino mice with the age of 10-12 weeks old were divided randomly into four groups of eight members with equal male and female subgroups. The control group (group I) received only a standard pellet, and the experimental groups (group II, group III, and group IV) received 10%, 20%, and 30% kokor of their daily food consumption, respectively. At the end of the 6^th week, they were sacrificed by thoracoabdominal incision after anesthetizing by diethyl ether. Blood was taken from each mouse by cardiac puncture and analyzed for liver and kidney function tests.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The serum levels of liver damage biomarkers (alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST)) and kidney damage biomarkers (urea and creatinine) of experimental groups were increased significantly relative to the control groups (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Level of biochemical profiles increased as the dose of kokor increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Palm oil-fried street kokor damaged the liver and kidney of the mice, and the damage was exacerbated as the dose of kokor increased.</p>","PeriodicalId":16274,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipids","volume":"2020 ","pages":"8819749"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/8819749","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38854579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}