Journal of Korean Medical Science最新文献

{"title":"Epidemiological Characteristics and Outcome of Myocarditis and Pericarditis Temporally Associated With BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine in Adolescents: Korean National Surveillance.","authors":"Bin Ahn, Seung Hwan Shin, Myung-Jae Hwang, HyoSug Choi, Sara Na, Sangshin Park, Jue Seong Lee, Young June Choe, Yoonsun Yoon, Kyoungsan Seo, Jong Hee Kim, Hyun Mi Kang","doi":"10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and outcomes of myocarditis/pericarditis after BNT162b2 vaccination in Korean adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective cohort analysis of adolescents aged 12-19 years old diagnosed with myocarditis/pericarditis within 42 days of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination. All reported cases were investigated by city or government epidemiologists and the diagnostic certainty and causality was determined by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency's Adverse Event Following Immunization Expert Advisory Committee according to the modified version of Brighton Collaboration Myocarditis/Pericarditis Working group's case definitions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total 3,709,063 adolescents aged 12-19 received 8,135,240 doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine in South Korea, and 184 cases met the Brighton criteria for the case definition of myocarditis and pericarditis with diagnostic certainty of possible and above. The median age was 17 years old (interquartile range [IQR], 15-18) and boys accounted for 81.5% (n = 150/184) of the cases. The overall incidence was 2.25 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.94-2.60) cases per 100,000 doses and severe cases was 0.25 (95% CI, 0.15-3.80) cases per 100,000 doses. The highest incidence rate was observed in boys after the second dose, with 5.01 (95% CI, 4.12-6.17) cases per 100,000 doses. A total 89.1% (164/184) were classified as mild, and no deaths were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The highest incidence of myocarditis/pericarditis after BNT162b2 immunization was observed in male adolescents after the second dose, with majority of the cases presenting with a mild clinical course and favorable outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":16249,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Medical Science","volume":"39 49","pages":"e317"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing the Gaps in Malaria Treatment in Korea.","authors":"Kyungmin Huh","doi":"10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e331","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16249,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Medical Science","volume":"39 49","pages":"e331"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis at Diagnosis in Korea: Results From a Multicenter, Registry-Based, Inception Cohort Study.","authors":"Jin Gyu Lim, Ben Kang, Seak Hee Oh, Eell Ryoo, Yu Bin Kim, Yon Ho Choe, Yeoun Joo Lee, Minsoo Shin, Hye Ran Yang, Soon Chul Kim, Yoo Min Lee, Hong Koh, Ji Sook Park, So Yoon Choi, Su Jin Jeong, Yoon Lee, Ju Young Chang, Tae Hyeong Kim, Jung Ok Shim, Jin Soo Moon","doi":"10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to investigate the characteristics of pediatric ulcerative colitis (UC) at diagnosis in Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a multicenter, registry-based, inception cohort study conducted in Korea between 2021 and 2023. Children and adolescents newly diagnosed with UC < 18 years were included. Baseline clinicodemographics, results from laboratory, endoscopic exams, and Paris classification factors were collected, and associations between factors at diagnosis were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total 205 patients with UC were included. Male-to-female ratio was 1.59:1, and the median age at diagnosis was 14.7 years (interquartile range 11.9-16.2). Disease extent of E1 comprised 12.2% (25/205), E2 24.9% (51/205), E3 11.2% (23/205), and E4 51.7% (106/205) of the patients. S1 comprised 13.7% (28/205) of the patients. The proportion of patients with a disease severity of S1 was significantly higher in patients with E4 compared to the other groups (E1: 0% vs. E2: 2% vs. E3: 0% vs. E4: 24.5%, <i>P</i> < 0.001). Significant differences between disease extent groups were also observed in Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index (median 25 vs. 35 vs. 40 vs. 45, respectively, <i>P</i> < 0.001), hemoglobin (median 13.5 vs. 13.2 vs. 11.6 vs. 11.4 g/dL, respectively, <i>P</i> < 0.001), platelet count (median 301 vs. 324 vs. 372 vs. 377 × 10³/μL, respectively, <i>P</i> = 0.001), C-reactive protein (median 0.05 vs. 0.10 vs. 0.17 vs. 0.38 mg/dL, respectively, <i>P</i> < 0.001), and Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (median 4 vs. 4 vs. 4 vs. 5, respectively, <i>P</i> = 0.006). No significant differences were observed in factors between groups divided according to sex and diagnosis age.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study represents the largest multicenter pediatric inflammatory bowel disease cohort in Korea. Disease severity was associated with disease extent in pediatric patients with UC at diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinical Research Information Service Identifier: KCT0008723.</p>","PeriodicalId":16249,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Medical Science","volume":"39 49","pages":"e303"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suboptimal Doses of Antimalarials Relative to Increasing Body Weight and the Risk of <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Recurrence in the Republic of Korea Armed Forces, 2012-2021.","authors":"Young Hoon Hwang, Doran Yoon, Suryeong Go, Joon-Sup Yeom, Hong Sang Oh","doi":"10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to analyze the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of malaria caused by <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> among military members of the Republic of Korea (ROK).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed with <i>P. vivax</i> malaria in 16 military hospitals in the ROK between 2012-2021, excluding other types of malaria, as well as imported cases and those treated in civilian hospitals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 653 patients were treated for <i>P. vivax</i> malaria. Their mean age was 22.0 ± 3.8 years, and their mean body weight was 73.4 ± 10.8 kg. Hospitalization occurred in 92.0% (n = 601) of the cases, with 4.4% (n = 29) recurring. The mean administered dose was 20.7 ± 3.4 mg/kg for the chloroquine (CQ) base and 3.5 ± 1.2 mg/kg for the primaquine (PQ) base. Between 2012-2016 and 2017-2021, the mean patient body weight increased (72.9 ± 11.1 vs. 74.3 ± 10.3 kg, <i>P</i> = 0.044). Correspondingly, the total administered doses of CQ (1,476.0 ± 144.0 vs. 1,515.1 ± 155.1 mg, <i>P</i> = 0.010) and PQ (242.6 ± 79.7 vs. 265.7 ± 92.3 mg, <i>P</i> < 0.001) were increased. However, there was no difference in the weight-based dosage of CQ (20.7 ± 3.6 vs. 20.7 ± 3.2 mg/kg, <i>P</i> = 0.580) or PQ (3.33 ± 1.1 vs. 3.64 ± 1.3 mg/kg, <i>P</i> = 0.256), nor in the percentage of patients who received sub-recommended doses. Among the 27 patients who experienced recurrence and had available initial treatment data, the proportion of those prescribed PQ (24 [88.9%] vs. 623 [99.5%], <i>P</i> = 0.001) and the mean PQ dose (2.75 ± 0.7 vs. 3.50 ± 1.2 mg/kg, <i>P</i> = 0.003) were significantly lower in the recurrence group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Over time, as the body weight of patients with <i>P. vivax</i> malaria in the ROK military has increased, the administered dosages of CQ and PQ have correspondingly risen. However, these dosages often remain suboptimal when compared to the body weight-based recommendations by the World Health Organization. Of particular concern is the continued administration of antimalarial drugs at suboptimal doses, which may contribute to an elevated risk of recurrence. Further education may therefore be beneficial to ensuring appropriate dosing for more effective malaria treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16249,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Medical Science","volume":"39 49","pages":"e314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation: A Critical Step in Multi-National Survey Studies.","authors":"Ilke Coskun Benlidayi, Latika Gupta","doi":"10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Survey studies are valuable tools that can quickly and cost-effectively collect data from diverse populations across different cultures and locations. When conducted across multiple countries, careful translation and cross-cultural adaptation are necessary to maintain the validity and reliability of the findings. This point is particularly important for patient-facing questionnaires, especially in fields like psychology and sexual medicine. Translation to other languages also helps the researchers reach a more diverse and broader sample, which enables the generalizability of the findings/conclusions. An accurate translation would ensure higher response rates. Careful and rigorous selection of translators, following a translation guideline, ensuring sufficient time for the translation process, using a checklist, and quality assessment following translation can increase the accuracy of the translation. At each step, the specific field of the questionnaire should be taken in consideration. The objective of this article is to underscore the necessity of translation and cross-cultural adaptation in survey studies, as well as to discuss the methods to combat against challenges experienced in the translation process.</p>","PeriodicalId":16249,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Medical Science","volume":"39 49","pages":"e336"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In This Issue on 16-December-2024.","authors":"Jin-Hong Yoo","doi":"10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e334","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16249,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Medical Science","volume":"39 48","pages":"e334"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142835906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenge of Precautionary Allergen Labeling for Ensuring the Safety of Children With Food Allergies.","authors":"Jeongmin Lee, Sohyeon Kim, Kyunguk Jeong, Jun Hyuk Koo, Sooyoung Lee","doi":"10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Precautionary allergen labeling (PAL) is mandatory and legally regulated in Korea. This study aims to investigate the frequency of PAL use in food products, evaluate its competence, and seek direction for improvement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cow's milk (CM) and hen's egg white (EW) protein concentrations were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results validated PAL using the Voluntary Incidental Trace Allergen Labeling^® 3.0 program. A survey was conducted on guardians to compare preferences and understanding of the current and the arbitrarily revised PAL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PAL was used in 91.8% (280/305) of baby food products. ELISA results using randomly selected baby food products showed that only 16.7% (5/30; No PAL with no contamination, n = 4; PAL with real-contamination risk, n = 1) were validated to PAL. A detectable CM was found in two products (2/26, 7.7%), with one product exceeding the reference dose (10.3 ± 0.17 ppm). EW was not detected at all (0/16). A total of 207 surveys from guardians were collected and categorized into three groups: food allergy (FA, n = 103), diseases other than food allergies (Others, n = 52), and no disease (Control, n = 52). The FA group exhibited the highest frequency of checking food allergen labeling (\"always\": 78.6%, \"often\": 9.7%), with a similar PAL adherence (\"always\": 58.3%, \"often\": 10.4%). None of the groups were satisfied with the current PAL. The 'allergen-free' statement was mostly preferred across all groups. The FA group notably preferred PAL with concentration statements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PAL is excessively prevalent and insufficient in ensuring the safety of children with FAs, necessitating a revision towards a more patient-friendly, evidence-based system for affected individuals and their families.</p>","PeriodicalId":16249,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Medical Science","volume":"39 48","pages":"e307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the Survival of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: Quality Improvement Initiative With a Multidisciplinary Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Team Approach.","authors":"Byong Sop Lee, Euiseok Jung, Heeyoung Kim, Soo Hyun Kim, Jiyoon Jeong, Ha Na Lee, Hyunhee Kwon, Jung-Man Namgoong, Dae Yeon Kim","doi":"10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is the only treatment option that can stabilize patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) with severe pulmonary hypertension. This study assessed the effects of a multidisciplinary ECMO team approach (META) as part of a quality improvement initiative aimed at enhancing the survival rates of neonates with CDH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The medical records of infants with CDH treated at a tertiary center were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were categorized into two groups based on META implementation. The META group (P2) were given key interventions, including on-site ECMO management within the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), use of venoarterial modality, ECMO indication as a priority even before the use of inhaled nitric oxide, and preplanned surgery following ECMO discontinuation. These approaches were compared with standard protocols in the pre-META group (P1) to assess their effects on clinical outcomes, particularly in-hospital mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a 16-year period, 322 patients were included. P2 had a significantly higher incidence of non-isolated CDH and higher rate of cesarean section compared with P1. Moreover, P2 had delayed time to surgical repair (9.4 ± 8.0 days) compared with P1 (6.7 ± 7.3 days) (<i>P</i> = 0.004). The overall survival rate at NICU discharge was 72.7%, with a significant improvement from P1 (66.3%, 132/199) to P2 (82.9%, 102/123) (<i>P</i> = 0.001). Among the 68 patients who received ECMO, P2 had significantly lower baseline oxygenation index and serum lactate levels before ECMO cannulation than P1. The survival rate of patients who received ECMO also remarkably improved from P1 (21.1%, 8/38) to P2 (56.7%, 17/30). Subgroups who could be weaned from ECMO before 2 weeks after cannulation showed the best survival rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>META significantly improved the survival rate of newborn infants with CDH. Further interventions, including prenatal intervention and novel ECMO strategies, may help improve the clinical outcomes and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":16249,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Medical Science","volume":"39 48","pages":"e300"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142835973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Oral Sulfate Tablet and 2 L-Polyethylene Glycol With Ascorbic Acid for Bowel Preparation: A Prospective Randomized KASID Multicenter Trial.","authors":"Yunho Jung, Hyun Gun Kim, Dong-Hoon Yang, Hyoun Woo Kang, Jae Jun Park, Dong Hoon Baek, Jaeyoung Chun, Tae-Geun Gweon, Hyeon Jeong Goong, Min Seob Kwak, Hyun Jung Lee, Soo-Kyung Park, Jong Hoon Lee","doi":"10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e301","DOIUrl":"10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oral sulfate tablets (OSTs) are bowel preparation agents that combine oral sulfate solution and simethicone. This study compared the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of OST compared to 2 L-polyethylene glycol plus ascorbic acid (2 L-PEG/ASC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, randomized, controlled, single-blinded, multicenter, noninferiority trial enrolled 211 healthy adults who underwent colonoscopy between May 2020 and September 2022 at 13 university hospitals. The bowel cleansing rate was assessed using the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) and Harefield Cleansing Scale (HCS), and the preparation agents were administered in split regimens.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total BBPS score (8.2 ± 1.5 vs. 7.8 ± 1.4, <i>p</i> = 0.040) and the high-quality bowel cleansing rates in the right colon (73.2% vs. 50.5), transverse colon (80.6% vs. 68.0%), and left colon (81.5% vs. 67.0%) on the BBPS were significantly higher in the OST group than in the 2 L-PEG/ASC group. However, the rates of successful cleansing according to BBPS (90.7% vs. 91.2%) and HCS (96.3% vs. 94.2%) did not significantly differ between the two groups. The taste, ease, and amount of consumption of the preparation agent; and willingness to repeat colonoscopy with the same agent (89.8% vs. 78.6%, <i>P</i> = 0.026) were significantly better in the OST group compared to the 2 L-PEG/ASC group. Adverse events and clinically significant laboratory changes were not significantly different between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The OST was not inferior to 2 L-PEG/ASC in terms of bowel cleansing efficacy and showed better tolerability when used for bowel preparation for colonoscopy.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinical Research Information Service Identifier: KCT0005017.</p>","PeriodicalId":16249,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Medical Science","volume":"39 48","pages":"e301"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142835774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In This Issue on 09-December-2024.","authors":"Jin-Hong Yoo","doi":"10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e332","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16249,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Medical Science","volume":"39 47","pages":"e332"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}