Trends of Urinary Catheterization in Korea From 2010 to 2021: Population Based Data Analysis.

Background: This study aimed to investigate temporal changes in urinary catheterization practices by analyzing prescription patterns over the past decade.

Methods: Using nationwide claims data from the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service between 2010 and 2021, we examined the total number of prescriptions and their distribution by catheterization method (Foley catheterization, Nelaton catheterization, and suprapubic cystostomy), sex, type of medical institution, and age group (5-year intervals).

Results: The overall number of catheterization prescriptions steadily increased during the study period. Foley catheterization was most frequently performed, followed by Nelaton catheterization, while percutaneous and open cystostomy accounted for a negligible proportion. The relative distribution remained stable over 12 years, with Foley catheterization comprising ~70%, Nelaton catheterization ~30%, and cystostomy ~0.2%. Catheterization rates rose sharply after age 60 in both sexes, with an additional modest increase among females aged 24-44. Most procedures were performed in tertiary and general hospitals, with minimal use in primary care. On a per-patient basis, Foley catheterization was more common in females, whereas Nelaton catheterization predominated in males. Cystostomy was prescribed over four times more frequently in males than in females.

Conclusions: Despite evolving recommendations and clinical guidelines, the relative proportions of catheterization methods have remained largely unchanged over the past 12 years. Age and sex exert significant influence on catheterization patterns. Strategies to expand the use of intermittent catheterization relative to indwelling catheters appear warranted.