{"title":"A study of tourism market for Chinese citizens travelling to the USA","authors":"Jinxia Zhang, Yanbin Tu","doi":"10.1504/IJLTM.2018.10009966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLTM.2018.10009966","url":null,"abstract":"Since China and the USA signed the travel memorandum in 2007, the tourism market for Chinese citizens travelling to the USA grew very rapidly. The USA has become China's the fifth largest tourist destination country, and there is still a huge space for market expansion. This paper summarises the basic characteristics of tourism market for Chinese citizens travelling to the USA. It also analyses the purposes for Chinese citizens for travelling to the USA such as the attractiveness of American nature, the rising of Chinese personal income and the change of American tourism visa policy to Chinese. It addresses potential concerns the market for Chinese citizen travelling to the USA. We discuss the market's trends and consumers' evolution in the future. Finally, we offer our recommendations on promoting the tourism market at both macro- and micro-levels.","PeriodicalId":162328,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Leisure and Tourism Marketing","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123406150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Cucato, F. Bizarrias, Jussara Goulart da Silva, Andre Torres Urdan
{"title":"The influence of perceptions of other consumers on consumer responses and the mediation of crowding tolerance: a study on tourism, hotels and the Olympics","authors":"J. Cucato, F. Bizarrias, Jussara Goulart da Silva, Andre Torres Urdan","doi":"10.1504/IJLTM.2018.10009967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLTM.2018.10009967","url":null,"abstract":"During service encounters, consumers perceive each other. This includes at sporting events where many human interactions occur. Large crowds of people tend to arouse negative emotions, even if the experience promotes positive emotions. This paper investigates the influence of consumer's perceptions of each other and the mediating role of crowding tolerance in consumer responses. Research is lacking to demonstrate the effect of interactions between consumers and findings are even scarcer for tourism. This study addresses the global sports entertainment industry and the hotel environment for tourists. A survey targeting the Rio de Janeiro Olympics in 2016 was conducted with students and then we applied structural equation modelling (SEM). The results indicate that the perception that a consumer has of other consumers (in a hotel) has a strong relationship with word of mouth and satisfaction and that such a relationship is mediated by the negative perception generated by the agglomeration.","PeriodicalId":162328,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Leisure and Tourism Marketing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132381353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inter-stakeholder collaboration in event management: a case study of Kerala Travel Mart","authors":"Shobha A. Menon, M. Edward, Babu George","doi":"10.1504/IJLTM.2017.10008335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLTM.2017.10008335","url":null,"abstract":"Employing the framework of inter-stakeholder collaboration in tourism proposed by Wang and Xiang (2007), this study reviews a highly successful international travel trade event that has been happening annually for the last several years in Kerala, India. In the Kerala Travel Mart, the collaboration brings together a large number of tourism firms in the Indian state of Kerala, the local state government, the tourism non-profits, the media, among others. This case study discusses the circumstances, motivations, processes, and results of the collaboration. It also introduces a new outcome, i.e., sustainable tourism, as a desired outcome of event partnerships.","PeriodicalId":162328,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Leisure and Tourism Marketing","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126265413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Complexity, change and the restaurant business: a case study from Montevideo, Uruguay","authors":"A. Alonso, S. Mariani","doi":"10.1504/IJLTM.2017.087515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLTM.2017.087515","url":null,"abstract":"In adopting complexity theory, this study examines the complexity and changes occurring in the restaurant sector, and strategies needed to achieve long-term sustainability, based on the perceptions of Uruguayan restaurateurs. The overall findings align with several characteristics of the theory, including complexity, globalisation, technology and change. Participants identify customers' stronger demands for credit card payment, higher product/service quality and online reservations; in contrast, least demands are placed on availability of local products and origin of foods. The findings underline the strategic importance for restaurateurs to scan their environment, identify emerging trends and grow awareness of the changes occurring in their industry.","PeriodicalId":162328,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Leisure and Tourism Marketing","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116544140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tourist motivations for visiting heritage attractions: new insights from a large US study","authors":"J. McGrath, David Primm, William Lafe","doi":"10.1504/IJLTM.2017.10008336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLTM.2017.10008336","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes the results of a large study measuring tourist motivations for visiting heritage-related attractions in a major state in the US. The study used a quantitative survey method with a sample size of more than 3,500 collected at dozens of diverse heritage tourism attractions in a geography spanning hundreds of miles. The methodology used a blended paper and online technique using QR image technology to assist respondents in completing surveys on any mobile device. The study also used GIS software to map survey data points. 'Seeing heritage attractions' was the top motivation cited by respondents for their visit (39%) followed by 'outdoor recreation' (22%), 'visiting friends and family' (13%) and 'just passing through' (8%). Eighteen percent of visitors reported that they visited because the lived nearby. Conclusions and limitations of the study as well as implications for future research are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":162328,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Leisure and Tourism Marketing","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125444029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identifying tourist satisfaction in cultural heritage destinations - a factor analysis approach","authors":"J. Sharmiladevi, S. Rameshraj","doi":"10.1504/IJLTM.2017.10008339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLTM.2017.10008339","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding tourist satisfaction is one of the major concerns in the area of tourism service providers, stakeholders and government. Destination attribute plays an important role in tourists' evaluation of the attractiveness, image, and satisfaction of a particular destination. Different destinations have different intrinsic attributes. Intrinsic attributes of destinations are different which significantly influence satisfaction. Visitor satisfaction is determined by a combination of perceived value and quality, consumer expectations and actual experience. A visitor's overall satisfaction will influence the likelihood of repeat visitation, extended length of stay, increased expenditure, enhanced yield and word-of-mouth referrals. ConceptualiSing tourist satisfaction based on the destination image is purely individualistic and will vary and may change with many other associated parameters, such as tourist' age, difference between actual and perceived expectations, add-on services, taking part in events, funs and fairs associated to that destination, food and rejuvenation services offered and many such variables. This study tries to identify the most significant factor which influences tourist satisfaction in a cultural heritage destination in the temple city of Madurai. A random sample study with a structured questionnaire was conducted. Results of the study indicate that quiet atmosphere and cultural richness were found to be the most significant factors which attract tourists to this particular destination.","PeriodicalId":162328,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Leisure and Tourism Marketing","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115524397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tourist's motivation and behavioural intention between sun and sand destinations","authors":"S. Hashemi, S. Kiumarsi, A. Marzuki","doi":"10.1504/IJLTM.2017.10008338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLTM.2017.10008338","url":null,"abstract":"Beaches in Malaysia are becoming attractive destinations for tourists all over the world because of their tranquil beauty. Previous research indicated the impact of motivation on behaviour intentions. Thus, the mediating role of tourists' satisfaction conceptualised as tourists' motivation on behavioural intention in the tourism industry was investigated in this study. Participants of this study constituted 165 international tourists. Smart- Partial Least Squares (PLS) was performed by the Variance Based-Structural Equation Modeling (VB-SEM) to test the hypothesis. The mediating role of tourist satisfaction on the relationship between tourist motivation and behaviour intentions was highlighted in this study. The path relationship revealed that the mediating variable has a highly significant indirect effect. It was also shown that tourists are attracted by sun and sand destinations. It further suggests that researchers should conduct more studies to know more about what information travellers will tell to their significant persons such as friends, family, colleagues, etc. about their tourism experience.","PeriodicalId":162328,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Leisure and Tourism Marketing","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115616646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Demand-based pricing in the US theme park industry","authors":"Martin Lewison","doi":"10.1504/IJLTM.2017.086451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLTM.2017.086451","url":null,"abstract":"Even as revenue management practices spread from the travel sector to other industries, the US theme park industry practiced static pricing. Highly visible demand-based pricing introduced by Disney and Universal highlights the relative lack of research on theme park pricing. We surveyed the research and gathered pricing information from 70 different US theme park websites in 2012 and 2016 and found that US theme parks in our sample added online ticket sales, discounts for advance sales and differential daily pricing during that period. We also report the proportion of US theme parks offering queue products and meal plans as ticket add-ons. Characteristics of theme parks may prevent true dynamic pricing, but the US theme park industry has begun moving away from its traditional static pricing model towards demand-based pricing.","PeriodicalId":162328,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Leisure and Tourism Marketing","volume":"213 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121348367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Malaysia's medical tourism destination personality: an international cosmetic surgery patients' perspective","authors":"M. Guiry","doi":"10.1504/IJLTM.2017.10007465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLTM.2017.10007465","url":null,"abstract":"This research examines the medical tourism destination personality perceptions of Malaysia, a leading medical tourism destination country. A content analysis of international cosmetic surgery patients' online testimonials from a medical tourism facilitator's website shows that medical tourists have discrete medical tourism destination personality perceptions of Malaysia, with the brand personality dimensions competence and sincerity being stated most frequently. Brand personality perceptions differed depending on the length of the testimonial (story versus short testimony), patients' home country, whether patients had one cosmetic surgery procedure or multiple procedures during their stay in Malaysia, and if physical facilities were mentioned in the testimonials. Marketing implications of the findings are discussed, and suggestions for future research are proposed. The study serves as a starting point for further research on Malaysia's medical tourism destination personality.","PeriodicalId":162328,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Leisure and Tourism Marketing","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130224815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhiyong Li, Ying Hu, R. Ranasinghe, J. Li, Rui Cui
{"title":"Structural relationships between inertia, satisfaction, loyalty and revisit behaviour: empirical evidence from local tourists in Chengdu","authors":"Zhiyong Li, Ying Hu, R. Ranasinghe, J. Li, Rui Cui","doi":"10.1504/IJLTM.2017.10007471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLTM.2017.10007471","url":null,"abstract":"Satisfaction and loyalty are linked intimately with repurchase behavioural although a complex nexus between satisfaction, loyalty and repurchase behaviour remains questionable. Inertia could provide sufficient and necessary conditions for promoting repurchasing behaviour. Contrarily, satisfaction and loyalty may not necessarily do the same. Researchers postulate that development of inertia goes through three stages, namely affective/cognitive, conative and action inertia (AFFI/COGI, CONI and ACTI), which could be employed to predict tourists' revisit behaviour. A pretested questionnaire was field tested and 518 valid responses were obtained to test the hypothesised model, with the results indicating great support. Findings confirmed that AFFI and COGI are antecedents of satisfaction and CONI. Satisfaction and loyalty showed a mediation effect over the relationship between AFFI and CONI, while satisfaction indicated a mediation effect over COGI and CONI. CONI is an antecedent of ACTI. Theoretical and empirical implications and future research directions are discussed.","PeriodicalId":162328,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Leisure and Tourism Marketing","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123790795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}