Journal of Medical and Health Studies最新文献

{"title":"The Effect of Endovascular Management of Arteriovenous Fistulae the Stenosis A Review of Local Experience: A Review of Local Experience","authors":"Ahmed Afandi, Nasser M Al-Barakati","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.6.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.6.6","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to determine the success of Endovascular procedures (Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty) as an initial procedure to treat dialysis arteriovenous fistula (AVF) stenosis. There were fifty one patients who under­went fifty four vascular access surgeries from May 2009 to February 2011 at the Rangueil Hospital. They were retrospectively evaluated on the base of a duplex ultrasound study and insufficient hemodialysis. Among the fifty four vascular access surgeries, thirteen (24%) were documented as having arteriovenous fistula stenosis, and among them, seven patients (53.8% of the 13 patients) required percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) as an initial procedure for treatment. Among the accesses that were documented to have arteriovenous fistula stenosis, 71% of lesions were in the juxta-anastomotic area, while 29% were in the venous limb (draining limb). The results of the study revealed that the initial success rate of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in the treatment of stenotic lesions was 86% of the cases and saved the vascular access site. In these patients, the post-intervention patency at one, three and six months was 86%, 85% and 66%, respectively. It can be concluded that this method is thus a promising form of semi-invasive treatment for sympto­matic arteriovenous fistula stenosis.","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"129 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139237140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Effect of Silymarin on Attenuating of Rhabdomyolysis -induced Acute Kidney Injury in Animal Models","authors":"Naseer Mohammed, H. F. Al-Saedi, M. A. Ramadhan, Uday Abdul-Reda Hussein, Ali Hamid Abdul-Hussein, Hassan Thoulfikar A. Alameer","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.6.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.6.5","url":null,"abstract":"Acute kidney injury is one of the most serious complications of rhabdomyolysis characterized by an acute loss of renal function. The study aims to investigate the renoprotective effect of silymarin against rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury in rats. Twenty-four healthy rats were equally divided into three groups: control, induction, and treatment groups. Rats in the control and induction groups received distilled water, while rats in the treatment group received silymarin (50 mg /kg/day p.o) for three consecutive days. On the first day, all rats (except rats of control group) received a single intramuscular injection of glycerol (10 mL/kg, 50% v/v in sterile saline) divided equally into each hind leg for induction of acute kidney injury. On the fourth day of experiment, blood and kidney,s were collected from all rats for biochemical and histopathological assay. Silymarin efficiently attenuated acute kidney injury caused by rhabdomyolysis evidenced by a significant decrease in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen(BUN), along with a significant reduction in renal homogenate levels of TNF-α, IL-6, NF-κB, caspase-3, and MDA with a significant increase in GSH level, which was further confirmed by improving renal histological changes when compared to that of induction group. This study found that silymarin has a potential attenuating effect on acute kidney injury due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic actions.","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139277234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Incidental Finding of Chilaiditi's Sign: A Case Report","authors":"Lana Dardari, Maher Taha, Ali Haider, Fatima Faqihi, Omar Sharif","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.5.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.5.1","url":null,"abstract":"Chilaiditi’s Sign is a rare radiographic finding in which there is an interposition of the colon between the diaphragm and the liver. The etiology is multifactorial and can be divided into diaphragmatic, hepatic, and colonic causes. Chilaiditi’s sign is considered a cause of pseudo-pneumoperitoneum. On imaging, the sign can easily be misdiagnosed as a ‘true’ pneumoperitoneum, causing the patient to undergo unnecessary investigations and interventions. This case report presents an 88-year-old male with a past medical history of Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) and Hypertension (HTN) who presented to the Emergency Department (ED) with a clinical picture of obstructive jaundice and was admitted for an Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Post-ERCP, the patient complained of chest pain, in which a chest X-ray was done, and Chilaiditi’s sign was found.","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130303033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skin Adverse Effects of Face Mask Use during COVID-19 Pandemic among Primary Health Care Workers, Qassim, Saudi Arabia","authors":"M. Alharbi, S. Jahan","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.4.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.4.22","url":null,"abstract":"During the COVID-19 pandemic, frequent facemask use resulted in skin adverse effects among some health care workers. The aim of this study is to investigate the skin adverse effects among primary healthcare workers who have been using face masks in Qassim, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered online questionnaire containing 17 questions. The survey was conducted online by sending an invitation link to primary health care workers in Qassim, Saudi Arabia. The survey was carried out between June 2023 and July 2023. A total of 220 healthcare workers (166 physicians and 54 nurses), having a mean age of 36.7 (± 8.9) years, participated in the study. Seventy-one percent of the participants were males. The majority (75%) used surgical face masks; 67.7% reported using the face mask 4-6 days per week. A total of 71 (32%) participants reported skin adverse effects due to face mask use. The most commonly reported complaint was dryness (61.7%), while dry skin and nasal bridge scars were the common skin lesions. The cheek (56.9 %) and nose (55.9 %) were the location of most skin lesions. Gender (p<0.0001), specialty (p =0.031), number of days per week of face mask use (p<0.0001), and the design of face mask (p=0.041) had statistically significant association with skin adverse effects due to use of face mask. Skin adverse effects due to face mask use were common among the study participants. Primary healthcare workers must employ preventive measures and appropriate skincare practices.","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115249950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Explanatory Factors of Hypertension in People Aged 30 to 64 in Benin","authors":"André Houndjo, David Doe Fiergbor, Alexander Owiredu","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.4.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.4.17","url":null,"abstract":"In Benin, hypertension is a leading cause of death and a significant contributor to the disease burden. This study aims to determine the explanatory factors of high blood pressure among people aged 30 to 64 years in Benin. We used data from Benin's 2017-2018 Demographic Health Survey to analyse hypertension determinants. Based on the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) score, the Probit model (5922.56) is a better fit for the data than the Logit model (5924.997). The probit estimate indicates that the likelihood of having high blood pressure increases, with odds ratios ranging from 1.1453 for the age group of 35-39 years to 1.9572 for the age group of 50-54. Being female, living in the South or Centre region, having higher education levels, and having diabetes also increase the likelihood of having high blood pressure. These findings provide insight into the factors that contribute to the prevalence of high blood pressure and may help inform public health interventions aimed at reducing its incidence.","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114996345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Infographics in Saudi Arabia","authors":"F. Alshammari, S. Jahan","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.4.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.4.19","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to evaluate the usage of social media platforms and infographics during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. The study focuses on the infographics posted on Twitter accounts, including the official Saudi Ministry of Health and other governmental and private healthcare sectors. The aim of the study is to assess the response to COVID-19 infographics by analyzing their engagement metrics and to explore the topics and contents of COVID-19 infographics. A total of 166 infographics posted between January and June 2022 were analyzed using a cross-sectional design. The study explores various variables, including infographic characteristics, stand-alone effectiveness, initiation of actions, direct references to COVID-19, graphic representations, and text density. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software, and frequencies and percentages were used to describe categorical variables. The mean and standard deviation were used for continuous quantitative variables. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were employed to compare outcomes between the official MOH account and other health sectors. The results showed that 77.7% of infographics mentioned references or sources, and 56% were text heavy. Graphics were present in 56% of infographics, and 31.3% were structured. The majority (86.8%) of infographics were stand-alone entities. Moreover, 83.1% included data or information, and 57.8% focused on COVID-19 prevention aspects, with vaccination being the predominant topic (69.8%). Infographics with quotes had a statistically significant association with the number of likes, retweets, and quotes. Graphic representation and text density were also significantly associated with the number of likes and retweets for the infographics. The study underscores the importance of social media platforms and infographics in effective crisis communication during the pandemic and highlights areas for improving information dissemination and engagement with the public.","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116396385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Diabetes Management: Focus on HbA1c Levels, Weight Loss and Genetic Variation","authors":"P. Kaur, Sushil Kotru, Leena Tuteja, Abhilash Ludhiadch, A. Munshi","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.4.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.4.20","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium Glucose Co-transporters-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are the recent addition to treatment strategies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). It is a non-insulin dependent anti-diabetic therapeutic approach that eliminates plasma glucose by urination. The study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on HbA1c levels and weight loss in responders and non-responders. In addition, the role of two significant variants, SLC5A2 (rs9934336) and UGT1A9 (rs72551330), affecting the inter-individual variation in response to SGLT2 inhibitors was evaluated in the study population. 200 confirmed T2DM patients on SGLT2 inhibitors were enrolled for the study. Patients with decreased HbA1c levels and body weight were categorized as responders, whereas the ones who did not show a significant decrease in these two parameters after treatment were categorised as non-responders. Association of HbA1c levels and weight loss before as well as after treatment with responders and non-responders was evaluated. Patients were screened for two significant variants, SLC5A2 (rs9934336) and UGT1A9 (rs72551330), affecting the inter-individual variation in response to SGLT2 inhibitors by Sanger Sequencing. A significant difference in HbA1c levels and weight was found in responders and non-responders before and after the treatment. However, both of the variants, SLC5A2 (rs9934336) and UGT1A9 (rs72551330), were not found to be significantly associated with the drug response. In conclusion, SGLT2 inhibitors reduced HbA1c levels and weight effectively in responders. However, the targeted gene variants need not to be involved in genetic testing before prescribing this class of drugs to T2DM patients from Malwa region of Punjab. Highlights:\u0000\u0000Treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with Sodium Glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors is an insulin-independent method of reducing blood glucose levels by lowering renal tubular glucose reabsorption.\u0000Significant decrease in HbA1c levels and weight loss in responders was observed after the treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors.\u0000Pharmacogenetic analysis was carried out for two gene variants, SLC5A2 (rs9934336) and UGT1A9 (rs72551330), reported to be involved in inter-individual response to SGLT2 inhibitors.\u0000None of the tested variants were found to be significantly associated with inter-individual response to SGLT2 inhibitors.\u0000Pharmacogenetic testing for the two most commonly reported variants is not required for the T2DM patients on SGLT2 inhibitors from the Malwa region of Punjab.\u0000","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127909499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Health App for Booking Primary Health Care appointments in Buraidah, Qassim Province","authors":"Turki Khalaf Al-Harbi, S. Jahan, Turki Khalaf","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.4.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.4.18","url":null,"abstract":"The pattern of booking Primary Health Care appointments and use of Health apps for this purpose has not been evaluated in Qassim Province, Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the proportion of patients who booked appointments before attending primary health care centers (PHCCs), the magnitude of Health App usage for appointment booking, reasons for not taking appointments, ease of use and the level of satisfaction with the Health App, and the association of demographic factors with Health App usage. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey. The data were collected from the patients attending PHCCs in Buraidah City, Qassim province, Saudi Arabia. Overall, 282 respondents (164 males and 118 females) completed the survey. A total of 154 (54.6%) participants had booked their appointments on the day of the survey. Regarding Health App, 220 (78%) respondents had ‘ever used’ it for booking appointments at PHCCs. Reasons for not booking appointments included a lack of awareness about the app and ignorance of the importance of booking an appointment. Overall, participants expressed a high level of satisfaction with the Health Apps, particularly in terms of well-organized information and ease of learning to use the app. Factors associated with adherence to appointment booking included age (p<0.0001) and marital status(p<0.0001), with participants younger than 25 and older than 50 years being less adherent. Educational level (p<0.0001) and income (p<0.0001) also significantly influenced appointment booking. Similarly, factors associated with Health App usage included age(p<0.0001), marital status (p<0.0001), education level (p<0.0001), income (p<0.0001), and occupation (p<0.0001). The insights gathered from this study can inform healthcare providers and policymakers in enhancing the user experience of the Health App, ultimately leading to improved healthcare service delivery and patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125181031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Diabetic Nephropathy-Based Hypertension Treatment for Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and CKD Patients: A Mini Review","authors":"F. Josse, Pasca Pradana, S. Tuba","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.4.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.4.21","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus is known to result in persistent renal impairment among individuals with the condition and is presently the primary aetiology of terminal-stage renal disease, with more than fifty percent of dialysis patients being affected. The prevalence of diabetes continues to rise, resulting in a decline in individuals' health status and imposing significant financial burdens on healthcare systems. Accurately distinguishing between the various types of diabetes is crucial in order to provide appropriate treatment that mitigates the severity of associated complications and their significant consequences. The co-occurrence of diabetes and renal disease has been found to be linked with a significant fourfold rise in both the frequency and fatality of cardiovascular disease. Pharmacological interventions aimed at reducing blood pressure have been a crucial component in the management of diabetic nephropathy for several decades. The past decade has witnessed a decline in the occurrence of end-stage renal disease, owing to enhanced care measures such as the administration of hypertension medication. It is assumed in clinical practice recommendations that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor antagonists hold an equivalent status. The efficacy of low doses of ACEI and ARB in reducing proteinuria was found to be superior to that of high doses. The co-administration of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) has been observed to elicit a more pronounced reduction in 24-hour proteinuria and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) in comparison to the singular administration of either ACEI or ARB.","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131554464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Training Programme on the Quality of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation among Health Care Providers in Critical Care Units at Governmental Hospitals in Gaza Strip","authors":"Madleen Abu Aser, Hijazi Abdullah, A. El-Jedi","doi":"10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.4.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2023.4.4.16","url":null,"abstract":"Rescuers' ability to properly administer cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) depends on their ability to learn, remember, and apply the necessary cognitive, behavioural, and psychomotor abilities. In order to provide HCPs with the knowledge and abilities needed to do CPR in circumstances where life is at risk, such as cardiac or respiratory arrest, the researcher used CPR training classes. The training sessions will also include lectures on the theories underlying as well as skill teaching sessions, and a final exam. This study used baseline data to show the improvement in effective training program quality and comprehension. Given guidelines on how to make it better and general guidelines for applying them across all hospitals in GS. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a training program for healthcare professionals working in critical care units at governmental hospitals in the Gaza Strip. In order to assess the quality and knowledge of CPR among HCPs in these institutions, researchers employed a pre-post quasi-experimental design before and after education intervention studies (Al-Shifa). The training program's efficacy effect size was calculated using partial eta squared; the average score in the pre- and post-tests, paired t-test, P value, and MD with 95% CI were as follows: total score (0.360.10 vs 0.880.06, t = 43.05, P0.001, MD = 0.519, 95% CI =0.495-0.543), and effect size by Partial eta squared were 0.980. Specialists from all over the world who advice stakeholders on how to improve the standard of HCPs (Doctors and Nurses) offered in the ICU, ER, and CCU in the Gaza Strip are in a heated debate on CRP. Governmental hospitals with continuing education committees implement rigorous strategies to improve the knowledge and clinical proficiency of nurses and doctors, Urging HCPs to put in more effort and carry out more research in order to enhance the standard of their profession, save patients, and strengthen their areas of weakness in order to become more proficient and effective from a scientific and practical perspective (HCPs). Guidelines and suggestions were made to stakeholders that might improve the standard of CPR provided for critical care in ERs, ICUs, and CCUs.","PeriodicalId":162243,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Health Studies","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121266296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}