Journal of Magnesium and Alloys最新文献

{"title":"The role of rare earth additions on low cycle fatigue behavior of a Mg-2Nd-1Y-0.1Zr-0.1Ca alloy","authors":"Justin Smith,&nbsp;Jiashi Miao,&nbsp;Aeriel D. Murphy-Leonard","doi":"10.1016/j.jma.2026.102151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jma.2026.102151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The low-cycle fatigue behavior of an extruded, solution-treated Mg–2Nd–1Y–0.1Zr–0.1Ca alloy was investigated under fully reversed, strain-controlled loading at amplitudes of 0.4–0.8%. A multimodal characterization approach combining SEM, EBSD, FIB nanofabrication, STEM, and STEM-EDS was used to elucidate the influence of rare-earth (RE) elements on deformation mechanisms. The initial microstructure exhibited a RE texture with basal (0001) poles tilted ∼30–45° from the loading direction, promoting non-basal slip activity. Cyclic hardening was observed across all strain amplitudes, accompanied by increases in plastic strain amplitude and energy with increasing total strain. Site-specific STEM revealed that deformation was accommodated by basal ⟨a⟩ and pyramidal ⟨c + a⟩ slip. HAADF-STEM and center-of-symmetry analysis identified I₁ intrinsic stacking faults arising from ⟨c + a⟩ dislocation dissociation, along with dense fault aggregates in the postmortem microstructure. These findings provide new insight into the role of complex dislocation mechanisms in governing the cyclic response of rare-earth Mg alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnesium and Alloys","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 102151"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149211352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnesium/aluminum laminates with ultra-strong transition interfaces fabricated by “cold spraying interlayer—roll-bonding” hybrid process","authors":"Xiaobao Ma,&nbsp;Peng Li,&nbsp;Tao Wang,&nbsp;Zhongkai Ren,&nbsp;Peng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jma.2026.102122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jma.2026.102122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The interface is pivotal to the deformation behavior of heterogeneous laminates, yet traditional stationary interfaces suffer from stress concentration and inadequate strength in the interface affected zone (IAZ), severely limiting laminate performance. Herein, we propose an innovative “cold spraying interlayer + roll-bonding” (CSIR) process to fabricate magnesium/aluminum (Mg/Al) laminates with simultaneously enhanced interfacial strength and toughness. The average interfacial shear strength reaches 113.6 MPa, nearly doubling the ∼60 MPa of traditional processes. This exceptional performance originates from three core factors: a microscopic three-dimensional (3D) non-stationary interface, sufficient atomic diffusion in the IAZ, and a heterogeneous lamellar transition layer. The high-velocity impact of cold sprayed Al-Al₂O₃ hybrid particles constructs a microscopic 3D interface between substrates and coating, expanding the bonding area and promoting the diffusion of atoms in the IAZ. The transition layer features low porosity and a tri-modal structure (discrete hard Al₂O₃ particles, strong Al nanograins, ductile coarse Al laths with small-angle grain boundaries). Here, equiaxed fine intermetallic compound grains surround the coarse Al laths, Al nanograins form around Al₂O₃ particles, and this structure enhances strain delocalization. The CSIR process enables large-scale, low-cost fabrication of heterogeneous lamellar transitional structures, offering a novel strategy for high-performance Mg/Al laminates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnesium and Alloys","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 102122"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149211353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced creep resistance in a heterostructured magnesium alloy through a bimodal grain microstructure","authors":"Yu Liu,&nbsp;Shiwei Xu,&nbsp;Lei Tian,&nbsp;Peijie Xiao,&nbsp;Zhikang Ji,&nbsp;Jianyu Li,&nbsp;Cong He,&nbsp;Junbin Hou,&nbsp;Mingyi Zheng,&nbsp;Zhuoran Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.jma.2026.102140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jma.2026.102140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the mechanistic effect of grain structure on high-temperature creep behavior of an extruded Mg-2.8Al-1.3Ca-1.1Sm (wt%) alloy. Two distinct microstructures were generated by extrusion under different conditions, a uniform fine-grained microstructure (FGs) and a heterogeneous bimodal microstructure (HGs) composed of fine dynamically recrystallized (DRXed) grains and coarse un-recrystallized (unDRXed) grains. Despite nearly identical room-temperature tensile properties, the HGs alloy showed a 58.8–73.5% reduction in steady-state creep rate in the load range of 40–80 MPa and a 50% longer rupture life at 80 MPa compared with the FGs alloy during creep tests at 150 °C. In the FGs sample, grain boundary sliding occurs at the early stage of the creep test, leading to crack initiation and early fracture. However, in the HGs sample, the coarse unDRXed grains act as a relatively stable load-bearing skeleton, preventing lattice rotation and strain accumulation at grain boundaries. The Al₂Ca precipitates effectively impede basal 〈a〉 dislocation motion and delay the activation of non-basal slip systems, leading to a more uniform distribution of dislocations. The delayer strain localization throughout the creep test, and the resultant improved creep resistance, is caused by suppression of the intra- and intergranular deformation, due to bimodal microstructure with Al₂Ca precipitates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnesium and Alloys","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 102140"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148311907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New era, new requirements: The urgent transformation and upgrading of standardization in the magnesium industry","authors":"Huan Xi,&nbsp;Fusheng Pan,&nbsp;En-Hou Han,&nbsp;Changjian Yan,&nbsp;Simin Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.jma.2026.102149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jma.2026.102149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Systemic deficiencies in the current global magnesium industry standard system, including lagging updates, fragmentation, lack of life-cycle coverage, and data silos, have become critical barriers to technological translation, industrial chain coordination, and the establishment of international market trust. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a new standardization paradigm aligned with the principles of the Standard 4.0 era, emphasizing data-driven development, full-chain collaboration, intelligent adaptation, and global mutual recognition. Building on this paradigm, a novel international standard ecosystem—DSPRC (Designation, Standard, Patent, Report, Certification and Accreditation), is developed. The framework integrates material identification, technical standards, intellectual property, industrial data, and conformity assessment into a unified, data-driven system. It enables forward-looking standardization, full life-cycle coverage, and multi-stakeholder collaboration. The proposed ecosystem provides a systematic pathway to improve innovation efficiency, reduce cross-system inconsistencies, and enhance global interoperability of magnesium industry standards. It offers a practical reference for reconstructing a more coordinated, efficient, and sustainable international standard system for the global magnesium industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnesium and Alloys","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 102149"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148312077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking the thermal barrier: Amorphous oxide cathodes and electrolyte engineering for practical room-temperature magnesium-ion batteries","authors":"Shouling Wang,&nbsp;Shihzad Shakil,&nbsp;Chen Chen,&nbsp;Jiarui Huang,&nbsp;Guozhi Wu,&nbsp;Liang Wu,&nbsp;Chaohe Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jma.2026.102195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jma.2026.102195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magnesium-ion batteries (MIBs) represent a promising beyond-lithium energy storage technology due to the high volumetric capacity, natural abundance, and intrinsic safety of magnesium metal. However, the practical realization of room-temperature MIBs has long been hindered by a persistent “thermal bottleneck” sluggish Mg²⁺ solid-state diffusion and irreversible anode passivation. This review provides a critical analysis of recent breakthroughs that are dismantling this barrier, focusing on two synergistic frontiers: amorphous oxide cathodes and advanced electrolyte engineering. We highlight the paradigm-shifting role of structurally disordered cathodes, exemplified by Mg₀.₂₇Li₀.₀₉Ti₀.₁₁Mo₀.₂₂O, where engineered free volume enables percolation-assisted Mg²⁺ transport at ambient temperature. Concurrently, we examine the evolution of non-corrosive electrolytes from early Grignard-based systems to modern weakly coordinating anions that support reversible Mg plating and high-voltage operation. The hybrid-ion approach, which decouples anode and cathode kinetics using Li⁺ or Na⁺ as charge carriers, is also evaluated as a practical pathway to high energy and power densities. Further, we discuss the integration of computational modeling, advanced characterization, and prototype validation in accelerating material discovery. Finally, we address synthesis scalability, device integration challenges, and the evolving commercial landscape, outlining a research roadmap toward the commercialization of room-temperature MIBs for grid storage, electronics, and beyond.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnesium and Alloys","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 102195"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148401716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defect-suppressed extrusion of high-purity magnesium: A processing–structure–defect framework for biodegradable implants","authors":"Weichao Li,&nbsp;Degang Xie,&nbsp;Tingjiang Pan,&nbsp;Chuanwei Fan,&nbsp;Fengge Xi,&nbsp;Yuanhao Jia,&nbsp;Zhiwei Shan","doi":"10.1016/j.jma.2026.102189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jma.2026.102189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-purity magnesium is an attractive platform for biodegradable implants because it minimizes risks associated with alloying elements, yet its clinical translation is constrained by poor hot workability and the persistence of casting-derived defects that accelerate mechanical failure and corrosion. Here we establish a processing-structure-defect framework that enables defect-suppressed extrusion of 4N(99.99 wt.%) Mg into rods with structural characteristics relevant to biodegradable implant applications. Processing maps derived from hot-compression experiments and Arrhenius-type constitutive modelling reveal an unusually narrow stability window governed by low strain-rate sensitivity and limited dynamic recrystallization in coarse-grained pure Mg. Guided by this map, low-strain-rate extrusion within dynamic recovery/recrystallization-stable domains promotes pore collapse and spheroidization while avoiding flow instability. As a result, the maximum defect size is reduced to &lt; 60 µm, nearly two orders of magnitude smaller than in commercial high-purity Mg rods. The refined defect state translates into a tensile strength above 190 MPa and an <em>in vitro</em> degradation rate of ∼0.2 mm·year^-1, demonstrating that mechanical integrity and corrosion control can be achieved simultaneously in high-purity Mg. This work therefore offers a scalable and practically accessible route to manufacturing defect-controlled pure Mg rods with structural and degradation characteristics relevant to biodegradable implant applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnesium and Alloys","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 102189"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149211321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking the anisotropic strength-ductility barrier in WA-DED AZ31 Mg alloy via spiral oscillation-enabled microstructure control: a combined experimental and simulation study","authors":"Wei Liu,&nbsp;Hai-Long Jia,&nbsp;Qi-Xin Zhang,&nbsp;Zhen-Peng Pu,&nbsp;Dong-Rong Liu,&nbsp;Yi-Hang Yang,&nbsp;Artem Marchenkov,&nbsp;Min Zha,&nbsp;Hui-Yuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jma.2026.102203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jma.2026.102203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a spiral oscillation (SO) strategy has been applied to fundamentally alters solidification behaviors to fabricate AZ31 Mg components with unprecedented isotropic and enhanced properties. The deposition current, deposition speed, oscillation amplitude, and oscillation interval for the SO strategy are 110 A, 5 mm/s, 4 mm, and 3 mm, respectively. A multi-scale finite element-sharp interface model is established and employed to simulate the wire-arc directed energy deposition (WA-DED) process for the first time. The effects of SO strategy and underlying mechanisms have been quantitatively revealed through a combination of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and simulation. The results reveal that the SO strategy transforms the flow pattern from symmetric Marangoni vortices (0.1–1.1 m/s) to complex asymmetric ones (0.2–1.2 m/s), generating intense fluid vortices that induce dendrite fragmentation. It also produces a distinctive thermal field characterized by a low temperature gradient (∼0.03 K/µm) and high cooling rate (∼537.5 K/s), where thermal undercooling dominates nucleation. These synergistic effects promote extensive heterogeneous nucleation and facilitate a robust columnar-to-equiaxed transition (CET). Consequently, the SO-fabricated component exhibits exceptional isotropy and a synergistic improvement in strength and ductility, achieving an ultimate tensile strength of 231 MPa and elongation of 16.1%, corresponding to increases of 38% and 151% over the SL strategy. Furthermore, fundamental insights into the evolution of thermal-fluid dynamics have been established, encompassing the generation of asymmetric flow fields that induce dendrite fragmentation and thermal‑undercooling‑driven nucleation of equiaxed grains. Collectively, these findings provide a robust theoretical foundation for advancing WA‑DED of Mg alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnesium and Alloys","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 102203"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149211355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional Mo4/3B2-x MBene for high hydrogen storage performance in the Li–Mg–N–H system","authors":"Haoyuan Zheng,&nbsp;Hua Ning,&nbsp;Chen Jin,&nbsp;Shuzhong Wang,&nbsp;Yadong Wang,&nbsp;Shixuan He,&nbsp;Haizhen Liu,&nbsp;Xinhua Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jma.2026.102243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jma.2026.102243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The magnesium-based hydrogen storage composite system Li–Mg–N–H (Mg(NH₂)₂–2LiH) has attracted considerable attention due to its moderate operating temperature and high reversible capacity of 5.6 wt%, but its sluggish hydrogen absorption/desorption kinetics and poor cycling stability limit practical applications. Introducing an efficient catalyst is key to overcoming these issues. Herein, for the first time, an MBene material is introduced into a solid-state hydrogen storage system. Mo_4/3B_2-<em>_x</em> with a flower-like structure is successfully prepared by selective etching of the MAB phase (Mo_4/3Y_2/3AlB₂) and is then added as a catalyst into the Mg(NH₂)₂–2LiH system. The improving effect and the underlying mechanism on hydrogen storage performance are systematically investigated. The results show that the composite with 10 wt% Mo_4/3B_2-<em>_x</em> exhibits optimal comprehensive performance. The onset temperatures for hydrogen absorption and desorption are significantly reduced from 110/130°C to 65/106°C, respectively. The hydrogen absorption/desorption capacities exceed 4.7 wt% under isothermal conditions at 180°C/170°C, and the apparent activation energy for hydrogen desorption decreases from 117.0 kJ/mol to 87.5 kJ/mol. Remarkably, after 100 cycles, the reversible capacity remains above 4.47 wt%, demonstrating excellent cycling stability. Mechanistic studies combined with DFT calculations reveal that the flower-like Mo_4/3B_2-<em>_x</em> dissociates into fine petals and becomes highly dispersed in the matrix during ball milling. The interaction between the catalyst and the matrix effectively weakens the N–H and Mg–N bonds and promotes the retention of the cubic phase Li₂MgN₂H₂ in the hydrogen desorption product, which is more favorable for rehydrogenation. Meanwhile, abundant boron vacancies in the catalyst structure provide fast diffusion channels for hydrogen atoms, and the highly dispersed nano-petals effectively separate the matrix particles, collectively enhancing the kinetics and cycling performance. This work opens a new direction for the application of MBene materials in solid-state hydrogen storage and provides a new strategy for the rational design of high-performance hydrogen storage catalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnesium and Alloys","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 102243"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148947258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward next-generation biodegradable magnesium alloy cardiovascular stents: key challenges, rational design, advanced surface modifications, and future perspectives","authors":"Changjiang Pan, Renwei Gao, Jin Wang, Chao Zhou, Linhong Deng, Pu Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.jma.2026.102210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jma.2026.102210","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to represent the leading cause of global mortality. Vascular stenting has emerged as a major interventional therapeutic strategy for ischemic coronary artery disease (CAD). However, permanent metallic stents, including drug-eluting stents (DES), are plagued by long-term complications such as chronic inflammatory reaction, late stent thrombosis (LST), in-stent restenosis (ISR), and persistent dependence on dual antiplatelet therapy. Biodegradable vascular stents (BVS), which gradually degrade and are fully absorbed following vascular healing, have emerged as a highly promising next-generation interventional platform. Magnesium alloys (MAs) are regarded as an outstanding candidate for BVS, owing to their favorable mechanical properties, tunable biodegradability, and exceptional biosafety. Nevertheless, the clinical translation of MA stents is severely restricted by their excessively rapid and non-uniform corrosion rate, premature loss of mechanical integrity, excessive hydrogen evolution, localized alkaline environment, as well as insufficient hemocompatibility and endothelialization. Alloying design and surface modification represent the two most effective strategies to overcome these critical limitations. This review comprehensively summarizes the recent advances in Mg alloy development for cardiovascular stent applications, focusing on the influences of rare-earth elements, alkaline-earth elements, aluminum, manganese, zirconium, zinc, lithium, and multi-component alloying systems on corrosion resistance, mechanical performance, and biocompatibility. We further systematically review state-of-the-art physical, chemical, and biological surface modification strategies, including physical vapor deposition, chemical conversion, polydopamine-mediated functionalization, layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly, bioactive polymer coatings, and biomimetic coatings capable of releasing nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), etc. The merits, drawbacks, and applicable scenarios of each approach are objectively and critically assessed. Finally, future research directions are proposed. This review seeks to offer a systematic, comprehensive, and updated reference for the rational design, performance optimization, and clinical translation of high-performance Mg-based biodegradable cardiovascular stents.","PeriodicalId":16214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnesium and Alloys","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148883771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced microstructural homogeneity and tensile properties of bimodal AZ31 alloy sheet via combined ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification and electropulsing treatment","authors":"Won Pyo Hong,&nbsp;Hyun Ji Kim,&nbsp;Taekyung Lee,&nbsp;Jongbin Go,&nbsp;Sung Hyuk Park","doi":"10.1016/j.jma.2026.102077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jma.2026.102077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rolled AZ31 (Mg–3.0Al–0.8Zn–0.3Mn, wt.%) alloys often exhibit a bimodal microstructure consisting of coarse and fine grains, which promotes strain localization and limits mechanical performance. In this study, ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM) followed by electropulsing treatment (EPT) was employed to transform the bimodal surface structure into a uniform fine-grained layer, thereby enhancing both strength and ductility. UNSM introduced severe plastic deformation at the surface, generating ultrafine grains, high dislocation density, and numerous twins. This significantly increased the strength of the AZ31 alloy sheet but reduced its elongation. Subsequent short-duration annealing by EPT at 300 °C for 2 min induced rapid static recrystallization, producing fine equiaxed surface grains and reducing the dislocation density. As a result, while the strength of the UNSM-treated alloy decreased after EPT, its ductility improved markedly. The UNSM–EPT alloy exhibited superior strength and ductility compared with the as-rolled alloy, with yield and ultimate strengths of 158 and 252 MPa, respectively, and an elongation of 21.9%. Digital image correlation (DIC) revealed strong strain localization from the early stage of deformation in the as-rolled specimen, whereas the UNSM–EPT specimen displayed a more uniform strain distribution throughout tensile loading. These results demonstrate that combining UNSM with EPT effectively eliminates detrimental surface coarse grains and provides an efficient strategy for improving microstructural homogeneity and mechanical properties of rolled Mg alloys with a surface bimodal structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnesium and Alloys","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 102077"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147736313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}