{"title":"The one-key-to-two-doors role of lipidomics: plasma lipidome, cardiovascular risk and statin usage.","authors":"Anatol Kontush","doi":"10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100802","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16209,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipid Research","volume":"66 5","pages":"100802"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Changyu Yi, Kevin Huynh, Yvette Schooneveldt, Gavriel Olshansky, Amy Liang, Tingting Wang, Habtamu B Beyene, Aleksandar Dakic, Jingqin Wu, Michelle Cinel, Natalie A Mellett, Gerald F Watts, Joseph Hung, Jennie Hui, John Beilby, Joanne E Curran, John Blangero, Eric K Moses, John Simes, Andrew M Tonkin, Leonard Kritharides, David Sullivan, Jonathan E Shaw, Dianna J Magliano, Agus Salim, Corey Giles, Peter J Meikle
{"title":"Statin effects on the lipidome: Predicting statin usage and implications for cardiovascular risk prediction.","authors":"Changyu Yi, Kevin Huynh, Yvette Schooneveldt, Gavriel Olshansky, Amy Liang, Tingting Wang, Habtamu B Beyene, Aleksandar Dakic, Jingqin Wu, Michelle Cinel, Natalie A Mellett, Gerald F Watts, Joseph Hung, Jennie Hui, John Beilby, Joanne E Curran, John Blangero, Eric K Moses, John Simes, Andrew M Tonkin, Leonard Kritharides, David Sullivan, Jonathan E Shaw, Dianna J Magliano, Agus Salim, Corey Giles, Peter J Meikle","doi":"10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Statin therapy is a highly successful and cost-effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Adjusting for statin usage is crucial when exploring the association of the lipidome with CVD to avoid erroneous conclusions. However, practical challenges arise in real-world scenarios due to the frequent absence of statin usage information. To address this limitation, we demonstrate that statin usage can be accurately predicted using lipidomic data. Using three large population datasets and a longitudinal clinical study, we show that lipidomic-based statin prediction models exhibit high prediction accuracy in external validation. Furthermore, we introduce a re-weighted model, designed to overcome a ubiquitous limitation of prediction models, namely the need for predictor alignment between training and target data. We demonstrated that the re-weighted models achieved comparable prediction accuracy to ad hoc models which use the aligned predictor between training and target data. This innovation holds promise for significantly enhancing the transferability of statin prediction and other 'omics prediction models, especially in situations where predictor alignment is incomplete. Our statin prediction model now allows for the inclusion of statin usage in lipidomic analyses of cohorts even where statin use is not available, improving the interpretability of the resulting analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":16209,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipid Research","volume":"66 5","pages":"100800"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143986199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yue Li, Hu Li, Zhiwei Hu, Yayue Zhang, Xuran Ding, Xinjie Huang, Yabing Hua, Lin Sun, Ye Li, Ziming Zhao, Yuan He
{"title":"Phosphatidylserine-decorated delivery platform helps alleviate acute lung injury via potentiating macrophage targeting.","authors":"Yue Li, Hu Li, Zhiwei Hu, Yayue Zhang, Xuran Ding, Xinjie Huang, Yabing Hua, Lin Sun, Ye Li, Ziming Zhao, Yuan He","doi":"10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening inflammatory disease with high morbidity and mortality. It is urgent to develop more effective therapeutic strategies against ALI. Phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) expressed on the surface of apoptotic cells not only allows for macrophage binding and recognition but also drives anti-inflammatory signaling within the macrophage. In this study, we designed an apoptotic cell-mimicry nanoparticle by decorating synthetic PtdSer on the outer face of nanoparticles. The results indicated that PtdSer-decorated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PSNPs) showed anti-inflammatory properties and increased macrophage phagocytosis in relative to the nondecorated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles. Dexamethasone-loaded PSNPs exhibited superior anti-inflammatory activity on macrophages in vitro. In vivo studies also showed that PtdSer decoration increased the accumulation of nanoparticles in lung macrophages after pulmonary administration. Accumulation of dexamethasone-loaded PSNPs in lung macrophages effectively reduced inflammation in inflamed lungs and further alleviated ALI syndromes. In conclusion, PtdSer decoration not only endows the anti-inflammatory function to nanocarriers but also potentiates its macrophage targeting in the inflamed microenvironment, which offers an ideal drug delivery platform for ALI therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16209,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipid Research","volume":"66 5","pages":"100799"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samia Mohammed, Andreas P Kalogeropoulos, Victoria Alvarado, Michelle Weisfelner-Bloom, Christopher J Clarke
{"title":"Serum and plasma sphingolipids as biomarkers of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity in female patients with breast cancer.","authors":"Samia Mohammed, Andreas P Kalogeropoulos, Victoria Alvarado, Michelle Weisfelner-Bloom, Christopher J Clarke","doi":"10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although effective as a chemotherapeutic, the utility of Doxorubicin (Dox) is hampered by cardiotoxicity. Despite this, the ability to predict and guide monitoring of patients receiving Dox is hampered by a lack of effective biomarkers to identify susceptible patients and detect early signs of subclinical cardiotoxicity. Based on their well-established roles in the response to Dox and other chemotherapies, we performed a retrospective analysis of serum and plasma sphingolipids (SLs) from female patients with breast cancer (BC) undergoing anthracycline-containing therapy, correlating with cardiac parameters assessed by echocardiography. Results showed substantial changes in both plasma and serum SL species during therapy including ceramide (Cer), deoxydihydroCer, and dihydrosphingosine with reversion toward baseline after treatment. Linear mixed-effects model analysis revealed that baseline levels of a number of SLs correlated with adverse cardiac outcomes. Here, serum sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), dihydroS1P, and plasma Cer performed comparably to the prognostic value of pro-NT-BNP, an established biomarker of cardiotoxicity. Intriguingly, while pro-NT-BNP had no predictive value at mid- and post-therapy timepoints, serum S1P and dihydroS1P, and plasma Cer levels showed a correlation with adverse outcomes, particularly at the post-therapy timepoint. Finally, analysis of plasma and serum C16:C24-Cer ratios-previously linked with adverse cardiac outcomes-showed no correlation in the context of chemotherapy treatment. Overall, this pilot study provides initial evidence that plasma and serum SLs may have benefits as both prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for female BC patients undergoing anthracycline-containing chemotherapy. Consequently, diagnostic SL measurements-recently implemented for metabolic-associated cardiac disorders-could have wider utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":16209,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipid Research","volume":" ","pages":"100798"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tugba N Ozturk, Thomas J Ferron, Wei He, Benjamin Schwarz, Thomas M Weiss, Nicholas O Fischer, Amy Rasley, Timothy S Carpenter, Catharine M Bosio, Helgi I Ingólfsson
{"title":"Highly tail-asymmetric lipids interdigitate and cause bidirectional ordering.","authors":"Tugba N Ozturk, Thomas J Ferron, Wei He, Benjamin Schwarz, Thomas M Weiss, Nicholas O Fischer, Amy Rasley, Timothy S Carpenter, Catharine M Bosio, Helgi I Ingólfsson","doi":"10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100797","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phospholipids form structurally and compositionally diverse membranes. A less studied type of compositional diversity involves phospholipid tail variety. Some phospholipids contain two acyl tails which differ in length. These tail-asymmetric lipids are shown to contribute to temperature sensitivity, oxygen adaptability, and membrane fluidity. Membranes of a highly virulent intracellular bacterium, Francisella tularensis, contain highly tail-asymmetric 1-lignoceroyl-2-decanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine (XJPE) lipids which were previously shown to inhibit inflammatory responses in host cells. XJPE tails have unusually high asymmetry, and how they contribute to membrane properties on a molecular level is unknown. Here, we use small angle X-ray scattering and molecular dynamics simulations to investigate how varying XJPE ratios alters properties of simple membranes. Our results demonstrate that at high concentration they promote liquid-to-gel transition in otherwise liquid membranes, while at low concentration they are tolerated well, minimally altering membrane properties. In liquid membranes, XJPE lipids dynamically adopt two main conformations; with the long tail extended into the opposing leaflet or bent-back residing in its own leaflet. When added to both leaflets XJPE primarily adopts an extended confirmation, while asymmetric addition results in more bent-back orientations. The former increases tail ordering and the latter decreases it. XJPE tails adopt different conformations that induce composition- and leaflet-dependent bidirectional effect on membrane fluidity and this suggests that Francisella tularensis could use tail asymmetry to facilitate vesicle fusion and destabilize host cells. The effect of tail-asymmetric lipids on complex membranes should be further investigated to reveal the regulatory roles of high tail asymmetry.</p>","PeriodicalId":16209,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipid Research","volume":" ","pages":"100797"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"HDL meets triglyceride.","authors":"Tugce Akcan, Fredric B Kraemer","doi":"10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100796","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study by Liu et al in this issue of the Journal of Lipid Research leverages data from the UK Biobank to explore the impact of HDL-TG on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk. The investigators observed that elevated serum triglyceride levels were associated with reduced HDL particle diameter and with increased HDL-TG. Using observational and Mendelian randomization analyses, HDL-TG levels were independently associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk even after adjusting for multiple confounders and other risk factors. The results emphasize the need for a broader evaluation of lipid parameters that extends beyond traditional measurements and suggest that incorporating metrics like HDL-TG could enhance risk stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":16209,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipid Research","volume":" ","pages":"100796"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fenglei Huo, Chenghang Liu, Xi Wang, Jinzheng Li, Zhifeng Wang, Duanqin Liu, Weipeng Lan, Xingyan Zhu, Jing Lan
{"title":"SDCCAG3 inhibits adipocyte hypertrophy and improves obesity-related metabolic disorders via SDCCAG3/SMURF1/PPARγ axis.","authors":"Fenglei Huo, Chenghang Liu, Xi Wang, Jinzheng Li, Zhifeng Wang, Duanqin Liu, Weipeng Lan, Xingyan Zhu, Jing Lan","doi":"10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100772","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100772","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is a prevalent global disease associated with various metabolic disorders. The expansion of white adipose tissue plays a pivotal role in regulating obesity-related metabolic dysfunctions. This study identified serum-defined colon cancer antigen 3 (SDCCAG3) as a novel key modulator of adipocyte metabolism. In adipose-specific SDCCAG3 knockout mice fed a high-fat diet, pathological expansion of adipose tissue, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, increased inflammatory markers, and augmented hepatic lipid accumulation were observed. Conversely, obesity models by specific overexpression of SDCCAG3 in adipose tissue confirmed that SDCCAG3 alleviated pathological expansion of adipose tissue, improved obesity-related metabolic disorders, with no observed changes in adipose tissue development under normal dietary conditions. Mechanistically, SDCCAG3 enhanced the stability of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) by preventing its degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system through the SMAD specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (SMURF1). Additionally, SDCCAG3 was subjected to negative transcriptional regulation by PPARγ, forming a SDCCAG3-PPARγ-SDCCAG3 loop that enhanced adipocyte lipid metabolism. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that SDCCAG3 functioned as a beneficial positive regulator of adipose tissue expansion and metabolic homeostasis, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target for metabolic diseases associated with nutrient excess.</p>","PeriodicalId":16209,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipid Research","volume":" ","pages":"100772"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12002885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diet-induced obesity dampens the temporal oscillation of hepatic mitochondrial lipids.","authors":"Rashi Jain, Rajprabu Rajendran, Sona Rajakumari","doi":"10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100790","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitochondria play a pivotal role in energy homeostasis and regulate several metabolic pathways. The inner and outer membrane of mitochondria comprises unique lipid composition and proteins that are essential to form electron transport chain complexes, orchestrate oxidative phosphorylation, β-oxidation, ATP synthesis, etc. As known, diet-induced obesity affects mitochondrial function, dynamics, and mitophagy, which are governed by circadian clock machinery. Though DIO impairs the interplay between circadian oscillation and lipid metabolism, the impact of DIO on mitochondrial membrane lipid composition and their temporal oscillation is unknown. Thus, we investigated the diurnal oscillation of liver mitochondrial lipidome at various Zeitgeber times using quantitative lipidomics. Our data suggested that obesity disrupted lipid accumulation profiles and diminished the oscillating lipid species in the hepatic mitochondria. Strikingly, HFD manifested a more homogenous temporal oscillation pattern in phospholipids regardless of possessing different fatty acyl-chain lengths and degrees of unsaturation. In particular, DIO impaired the circadian rhythmicity of phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl serine, and ether-linked phosphatidyl ethanolamine. Also, DIO altered the rhythmic profile of PE/PC, ePE/PC, PS/PC ratio, and key proteins related to mitochondrial function, dynamics, and quality control. Since HFD dampened lipid oscillation, we examined whether the diurnal oscillation of mitochondrial lipids synchronized with mitochondrial function. Also, our data emphasized that acrophase of mitochondrial lipids synchronized with increased oxygen consumption rate and Parkin levels at ZT16 in chow-fed mice. Our study revealed that obesity altered the mitochondrial lipid composition and hampered the rhythmicity of mitochondrial lipids, oxygen consumption rate, and Parkin levels in the liver.</p>","PeriodicalId":16209,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipid Research","volume":" ","pages":"100790"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vinay Singh Tanwar, Marpadga A Reddy, Suchismita Dey, Vajir Malek, Linda Lanting, Zhuo Chen, Rituparna Ganguly, Rama Natarajan
{"title":"Palmitic acid alters enhancers/super-enhancers near inflammatory and efferocytosis-associated genes in human monocytes.","authors":"Vinay Singh Tanwar, Marpadga A Reddy, Suchismita Dey, Vajir Malek, Linda Lanting, Zhuo Chen, Rituparna Ganguly, Rama Natarajan","doi":"10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100774","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Free fatty acids like palmitic acid (PA) are elevated in obesity and diabetes and dysregulate monocyte and macrophage functions, contributing to enhanced inflammation in these cardiometabolic diseases. Epigenetic mechanisms regulating enhancer functions play key roles in inflammatory gene expression, but their role in PA-induced monocyte/macrophage dysfunction is unknown. We found that PA treatment altered the epigenetic landscape of enhancers and super-enhancers (SEs) in human monocytes. Integration with RNA-seq data revealed that PA-induced enhancers/SEs correlated with PA-increased expression of inflammatory and immune response genes, while PA-inhibited enhancers correlated with downregulation of phagocytosis and efferocytosis genes. These genes were similarly regulated in macrophages from mouse models of diabetes and accelerated atherosclerosis, human atherosclerosis, and infectious agents. PA-regulated enhancers/SEs harbored SNPs associated with diabetes, obesity, and body mass index indicating disease relevance. We verified increased chromatin interactions between PA-regulated enhancers/SEs and inflammatory gene promoters and reduced interactions at efferocytosis genes. PA-induced gene expression was reduced by inhibitors of BRD4, and NF-κB. PA treatment inhibited phagocytosis and efferocytosis in human macrophages. Together, our findings demonstrate that PA-induced enhancer dynamics at key monocyte/macrophage enhancers/SEs regulate inflammatory and immune genes and responses. Targeting these PA-regulated epigenetic changes could provide novel therapeutic opportunities for cardiometabolic disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":16209,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipid Research","volume":" ","pages":"100774"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12002881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elise Grytten, Johnny Laupsa-Borge, Kaya Cetin, Pavol Bohov, Jan Erik Nordrehaug, Jon Skorve, Rolf K Berge, Elin Strand, Bodil Bjørndal, Ottar K Nygård, Espen Rostrup, Gunnar Mellgren, Simon N Dankel
{"title":"Inflammatory markers after supplementation with marine n-3 or plant n-6 PUFAs: A randomized double-blind crossover study.","authors":"Elise Grytten, Johnny Laupsa-Borge, Kaya Cetin, Pavol Bohov, Jan Erik Nordrehaug, Jon Skorve, Rolf K Berge, Elin Strand, Bodil Bjørndal, Ottar K Nygård, Espen Rostrup, Gunnar Mellgren, Simon N Dankel","doi":"10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlr.2025.100770","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Omega-3 (n-3) (e.g., EPA/DHA) and omega-6 (n-6) (e.g., linoleic acid [LA]) FAs are suggested to have opposite effects on inflammation, but results are inconsistent and direct comparisons of n-3 and n-6 are lacking. In a double-blind, randomized, and crossover study, females (n = 16) and males (n = 23) aged 30-70 years with abdominal obesity were supplemented with 3-4 g/d EPA/DHA (fish oil) or 15-20 g/d LA (safflower oil) for 7 weeks, with a 9-week washout phase. Cytokines and chemokines (multiplex assay), acute-phase proteins (MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry), endothelial function (vascular reaction index), blood pressure, FA composition (red blood cell membranes/serum/adipose tissue, GC-MS/MS), and adipose gene expression (microarrays, quantitative PCR) were measured. While significant differences between treatments in relative change scores were found for systolic blood pressure (n-3 vs. n-6: -1.81% vs. 2.61%, P = 0.003), no differences between n-3 and n-6 were found for any circulatory inflammatory markers. However, compared with baseline, n-3 was followed by reductions in circulating TNF (-24.9%, P < 0.001), regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (-12.1%, P < 0.001), and macrophage inflammatory protein 1-beta (-12.5%, P = 0.014), and n-6 by lowered TNF (-18.8%, P < 0.001), regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (-7.37%, P = 0.027), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (-7.81%, P = 0.020), and macrophage inflammatory protein 1-beta (-14.2%, P = 0.010). Adipose tissue showed significant treatment differences in weight percent of EPA (n-3 vs. n-6: 50.2%∗ vs. -1.38%, P < 0.001, ∗: significant within-treatment change score), DHA (16.0%∗ vs. -3.67%, P < 0.001), and LA (-0.033 vs. 4.91%∗, P < 0.001). Adipose transcriptomics revealed overall downregulation of genes related to inflammatory processes after n-3 and upregulation after n-6, partly correlating with changes in circulatory markers. These data point to tissue-specific proinflammatory effects of high n-6 intake, but a net systemic anti-inflammatory effect as for n-3.</p>","PeriodicalId":16209,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lipid Research","volume":" ","pages":"100770"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11999210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}