Ecology Letters最新文献

{"title":"The interaction between warming and enrichment accelerates food-web simplification in freshwater systems","authors":"Willem Bonnaffé,&nbsp;Alain Danet,&nbsp;Camille Leclerc,&nbsp;Victor Frossard,&nbsp;Eric Edeline,&nbsp;Arnaud Sentis","doi":"10.1111/ele.14480","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14480","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nutrient enrichment and climate warming threaten freshwater systems. Metabolic theory and the paradox of enrichment predict that both stressors independently can lead to simpler food-webs having fewer nodes, shorter food-chains and lower connectance, but cancel each other's effects when simultaneously present. Yet, these theoretical predictions remain untested in complex natural systems. We inferred the food-web structure of 256 lakes and 373 streams from standardized fish community samplings in France. Contrary to theoretical predictions, we found that warming shortens fish food-chain length and that this effect was magnified in enriched streams and lakes. Additionally, lakes experiencing enrichment exhibit lower connectance in their fish food-webs. Our study suggests that warming and enrichment interact to magnify food-web simplification in nature, raising further concerns about the fate of freshwater systems as climate change effects will dramatically increase in the coming decades.</p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"27 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.14480","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141877995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying and explaining resilience in ecological networks","authors":"Cailan Jeynes-Smith,&nbsp;Michael Bode,&nbsp;Robyn P. Araujo","doi":"10.1111/ele.14484","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14484","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Resilient ecological systems are more likely to persist and function in the Anthropocene. Current methods for estimating an ecosystem's resilience rely on accurately parameterized ecosystem models, which is a significant empirical challenge. In this paper, we adapt tools from biochemical kinetics to identify ecological networks that exhibit ‘structural resilience’, a strong form of resilience that is solely a property of the network structure and is independent of model parameters. We undertake an exhaustive search for structural resilience across all three-species ecological networks, under a generalized Lotka-Volterra modelling framework. Out of 20,000 possible network structures, approximately 2% display structural resilience. The properties of these networks provide important insights into the mechanisms that could promote resilience in ecosystems, provide new theoretical avenues for qualitative modelling approaches and provide a foundation for identifying robust forms of ecological resilience in large, realistic ecological networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"27 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.14484","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141873712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interspecific competition shapes bird species' distributions along tropical precipitation gradients","authors":"Benjamin G. Freeman,&nbsp;Eliot T. Miller,&nbsp;Matthew Strimas-Mackey","doi":"10.1111/ele.14487","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14487","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The hypothesis that species' ranges are limited by interspecific competition has motivated decades of debate, but a general answer remains elusive. Here we test this hypothesis for lowland tropical birds by examining species' precipitation niche breadths. We focus on precipitation because it—not temperature—is the dominant climate variable that shapes the biota of the lowland tropics. We used 3.6 million fine-scale citizen science records from eBird to measure species' precipitation niche breadths in 19 different regions across the globe. Consistent with the predictions of the interspecific competition hypothesis, multiple lines of evidence show that species have narrower precipitation niches in regions with more species. This means species inhabit more specialized precipitation niches in species-rich regions. We predict this niche specialization should make tropical species in high diversity regions disproportionately vulnerable to changes in precipitation regimes; preliminary empirical evidence is consistent with this prediction.</p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"27 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141858352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover Image, Volume 27, Issue 5","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ele.14255","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14255","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image is based on the Letter <i>Diversity inhibits foliar fungal diseases in grasslands: Potential mechanisms and temperature dependence</i> by Peng Zhang et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.14435.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.14255","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of coexistence: Exploring species sorting and character displacement in woody plants to alleviate belowground competition","authors":"Stavros D. Veresoglou,&nbsp;Jingjing Xi,&nbsp;Josep Peñuelas","doi":"10.1111/ele.14489","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14489","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rarely do we observe competitive exclusion within plant communities, even though plants compete for a limited pool of resources. Thus, our understanding of the mechanisms sustaining plant biodiversity might be limited. In this study, we explore two common ecological strategies, species sorting and character displacement, that promote coexistence by reducing competition. We assess the degree to which woody plants may implement these two strategies to lower belowground competition for nutrients which occurs via nutritional (mostly mycorrhizal) mutualisms. First, we compile data on plant traits and the mycorrhizal association state of woody angiosperms using a global inventory of indigenous flora. Our analysis reveals that species in locations with high mycorrhizal diversity exhibit distinct mean values in leaf area and wood density based on their mycorrhizal type, indicating species sorting. Second, we reanalyse a large dataset on leaf area to demonstrate that in areas with high mycorrhizal diversity, trees maintain divergent leaf area values, showcasing character displacement. Character displacement among plants is considered rare, making our observation significant. In summary, our study uncovers a rare occurrence of character displacement and identifies a common mechanism employed by plants to alleviate competition, shedding light on the complexities of plant coexistence in diverse ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"27 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.14489","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141791476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food web context modifies predator foraging and weakens trophic interaction strength","authors":"Kimberley D. Lemmen,&nbsp;Frank Pennekamp","doi":"10.1111/ele.14475","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14475","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Trophic interaction modifications (TIM) are widespread in natural systems and occur when a third species indirectly alters the strength of a trophic interaction. Past studies have focused on documenting the existence and magnitude of TIMs; however, the underlying processes and long-term consequences remain elusive. To address this gap, we experimentally quantified the density-dependent effect of a third species on a predator's functional response. We conducted short-term experiments with ciliate communities composed of a predator, prey and non-consumable ‘modifier’ species. In both communities, increasing modifier density weakened the trophic interaction strength, due to a negative effect on the predator's space clearance rate. Simulated long-term dynamics indicate quantitative differences between models that account for TIMs or include only pairwise interactions. Our study demonstrates that TIMs are important to understand and predict community dynamics and highlights the need to move beyond focal species pairs to understand the consequences of species interactions in communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.14475","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141764582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to ‘Life history mediates the trade-offs among different components of demographic resilience’","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ele.14468","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14468","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Capdevila P, Stott I, Cant J, Beger M, Rowlands G, Grace M, Salguero-Gómez R. (2022) Life history mediates the trade-offs among different components of demographic resilience. &lt;i&gt;Ecology Letters&lt;/i&gt;, 25(6), 1566–1579. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.14004&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The authors note a mistake in the calculation of resistance in the methods section, which alters the interpretation of some of the results. In the manuscript, we applied a correction to calculation of resistance (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;munder&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;ρ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;_&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;/munder&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {underset{_}{rho}}_1 $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;) in Equation (3) by subtracting the first step attenuation from 1 (1 − &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;munder&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;ρ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;_&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;/munder&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {underset{_}{rho}}_1 $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;). Such subtraction in the formula was an error, and the correct calculation should simply be &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;munder&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;ρ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;_&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;/munder&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {underset{_}{rho}}_1 $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; where values close to 1 correspond to high resistance and 0 to low resistance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Figure 2 of the original manuscript, we showed that the phylogenetic signal for resistance was 0.48 ± 0.26 (mean ± SE) in animals and 0.02 ± 0.04 in plants. When applying the correct calculation of resistance the phylogenetic signal remains virtually unaltered, with values of 0.45 ± 0.25 and 0.03 ± 0.04, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Figure 3 of the original manuscript, we showed that resistance and recovery time were positively associated in animals and slightly, negatively associated in plants. Also, resistance and compensation were positively associated in animals and plants. When applying the correct calculation of resistance, the same associations hold, but the correlation values are inverted. That is, resistance and recovery time are negatively correlated in animals (Figure 3a) and positively correlated in plants (Figure 3d), while resistance and compensation are negatively correlated for both animals (Figure 3d) and plants (Figure 3e).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In F","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.14468","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141747013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Caloric restriction extends lifespan in a clonal plant”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ele.14476","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14476","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>Chmilar, SL</span>, <span>Luzardo, AC</span>, <span>Dutt, P</span>, <span>Pawluk, A</span>, <span>Thwaites, VC</span>, <span>Laird, RA</span>. <span>Caloric restriction extends lifespan in a clonal plant</span>. <i>Ecology Letters</i>. <span>2024</span>; <span>27</span>:e14444. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.14444\u0000 </p><p>In the first sentence of the “Conclusions” sub-section, the text “…caloric restriction shortens <i>L. minor</i> lifespan…” was incorrect. This should have read “…caloric restriction extends <i>L. minor</i> lifespan…”.</p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ele.14476","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141747014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time is of the essence: A general framework for uncovering temporal structures of communities","authors":"Hannah Yin,&nbsp;Volker H. W. Rudolf","doi":"10.1111/ele.14481","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14481","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ecological communities are inherently dynamic: species constantly turn over within years, months, weeks or even days. These temporal shifts in community composition determine essential aspects of species interactions and how energy, nutrients, information, diseases and perturbations ‘flow’ through systems. Yet, our understanding of community structure has relied heavily on static analyses not designed to capture critical features of this dynamic temporal dimension of communities. Here, we propose a conceptual and methodological framework for quantifying and analysing this temporal dimension. Conceptually, we split the temporal structure into two definitive features, sequence and duration, and review how they are linked to key concepts in ecology. We then outline how we can capture these definitive features using perspectives and tools from temporal graph theory. We demonstrate how we can easily integrate ongoing research on phenology into this framework and highlight what new opportunities arise from this approach to answer fundamental questions in community ecology. As climate change reshuffles ecological communities worldwide, quantifying the temporal organization of communities is imperative to resolve the fundamental processes that shape natural ecosystems and predict how these systems may change in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141632137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental gradients mediate dispersal evolution during biological invasions","authors":"John W. Benning,&nbsp;Eliza I. Clark,&nbsp;Ruth A. Hufbauer,&nbsp;Christopher Weiss-Lehman","doi":"10.1111/ele.14472","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ele.14472","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rapid evolution of increased dispersal at the edge of a range expansion can accelerate invasions. However, populations expanding across environmental gradients often face challenging environments that reduce fitness of dispersing individuals. We used an eco-evolutionary model to explore how environmental gradients influence dispersal evolution and, in turn, modulate the speed and predictability of invasion. Environmental gradients opposed evolution of increased dispersal during invasion, even leading to evolution of reduced dispersal along steeper gradients. Counterintuitively, reduced dispersal could allow for faster expansion by minimizing maladaptive gene flow and facilitating adaptation. While dispersal evolution across homogenous landscapes increased both the mean and variance of expansion speed, these increases were greatly dampened by environmental gradients. We illustrate our model's potential application to prediction and management of invasions by parameterizing it with data from a recent invertebrate range expansion. Overall, we find that environmental gradients strongly modulate the effect of dispersal evolution on invasion trajectories.</p>","PeriodicalId":161,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Letters","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141618744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}