Journal of Instrumentation最新文献_第9页

Analysis of absorption signal and noise in thin phosphor detectors for high-energy transmission radiography 高能透射射线照相用薄荧光粉探测器的吸收信号和噪声分析

4区工程技术

Journal of Instrumentation Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/c10017

Seungjun Yoo, Hubeom Shin, Seokwon Oh, Junho Lee, Hunhee Kim, Ho Kyung Kim

{"title":"Analysis of absorption signal and noise in thin phosphor detectors for high-energy transmission radiography","authors":"Seungjun Yoo, Hubeom Shin, Seokwon Oh, Junho Lee, Hunhee Kim, Ho Kyung Kim","doi":"10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/c10017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/c10017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We investigated the detective quantum efficiency (DQE) of thin gadolinium oxysulfide phosphor-based flat-panel detectors (FPDs) using cascaded-systems analysis and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations for applications in megavoltage (MV) x-ray industrial imaging. We decomposed the DQE formula into (dose-independent) upper-limit DQE and (dose-dependent) DQE-reduction factors. We obtained the absorbed energy distributions (AEDs) for various x-ray detector designs and photon energies using MC simulations and applied the AED analysis to the DQE formula. The investigations examined include the x-ray-detector-only DQE and the effect of the coupling efficiency between the x-ray detector and readout panel, including electronic noise, on the upper-limit DQE. This study confirms that the design of the metal build-up layer on the phosphor is effective for MV imaging and emphasizes the importance of designing the readout panel to maintain the upper-limit DQE. We expect the proposed DQE analysis to be suitable for designing and evaluating FPDs for high-energy nondestructive x-ray testing.","PeriodicalId":16184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Instrumentation","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136054524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Note on intrinsic resolution in liquid organic scintillators 液体有机闪烁体的固有分辨率

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Journal of Instrumentation Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/p10026

O. Smirnov

引用次数: 0

Improvement of miniaturized 2.45 GHz ECR plasma flood gun at PKU 北京大学小型化2.45 GHz ECR等离子射流炮的改进

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Journal of Instrumentation Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/p10038

Bujian Cui, Shixiang Peng, Wenbin Wu, Tenghao Ma, Yaoxiang Jiang, Zhiyu Guo, Jiaer Chen

{"title":"Improvement of miniaturized 2.45 GHz ECR plasma flood gun at PKU","authors":"Bujian Cui, Shixiang Peng, Wenbin Wu, Tenghao Ma, Yaoxiang Jiang, Zhiyu Guo, Jiaer Chen","doi":"10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/p10038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/p10038","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In an ion implanter, plasma flood gun (PFG) is used to provide electrons to neutralize the accumulated charge on the wafer surface to avoid breakdown damage. With the development of ion implantation technology, four key requirements have been put forward for PFG. They are simple structure, plasma with high density and low electron temperature, no metal contamination and long life. The existing PFG, such as the filament type PFG, can hardly meet the above requirements at the same time. 2.45 GHz ECR ion source with the advantages of high beam density, high stability, long life time and no filament metal contamination, has shown great potential to work as PFG. Recently, a miniaturized 2.45 GHz permanent magnet electron cyclotron resonance PFG (PMECR-PFG) has been developed at Peking University (PKU). In our previous test, 8.8 mA electron extraction current was obtained with argon gas. In this work, by optimizing the magnetic field configuration to a resonant configuration, the performance of this ECR-PFG was greatly improved. With 100 W microwave power, an 80 mA electron current load was obtained under the extraction voltage of 0.1 kV. To minimize the metal contamination, a three-slit graphite plasma electrode was fabricated and a 50 mA load was generated at only 30 W RF power. During all tests, the gas consumption rate is lower than 0.6 sccm, which is beneficial to maintain the vacuum of implanter beamline.","PeriodicalId":16184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Instrumentation","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136153716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synchrotron light source X-ray detection with Low-Gain Avalanche Diodes 用低增益雪崩二极管进行同步加速器光源x射线探测

4区工程技术

Journal of Instrumentation Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/p10006

S.M. Mazza, G. Saito, Y. Zhao, T. Kirkes, N. Yoho, D. Yerdea, N. Nagel, J. Ott, M. Nizam, M. Leite, M. Moralles, H.F.-W. Sadrozinski, A. Seiden, B. Schumm, F. McKinney-Martinez, G. Giacomini, W. Chen

{"title":"Synchrotron light source X-ray detection with Low-Gain Avalanche Diodes","authors":"S.M. Mazza, G. Saito, Y. Zhao, T. Kirkes, N. Yoho, D. Yerdea, N. Nagel, J. Ott, M. Nizam, M. Leite, M. Moralles, H.F.-W. Sadrozinski, A. Seiden, B. Schumm, F. McKinney-Martinez, G. Giacomini, W. Chen","doi":"10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/p10006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/p10006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Low Gain Avalanche Diodes (LGADs) represent the state-of-the-art in timing measurements and will instrument the future Timing Detectors of ATLAS and CMS for the High-Luminosity LHC. While initially conceived as a sensor for charged particles, the intrinsic gain of LGADs makes it possible to detect low-energy X-rays with good energy resolution and excellent time resolution (tens of picoseconds). Using the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL) at SLAC, several LGADs designs were characterized with energies from 5 to 70 keV. The SSRL provides 10 ps pulsed X-ray bunches separated by 2 ns intervals with an energy dispersion (Δ E / E ) of 10 -4 . LGADs from Hamamatsu Photonics (HPK) and Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) with different thicknesses ranging from 20 μm to 50 μm and different gain layer designs were read out using fast amplification boards and digitized with a high bandwidth and high sampling rate oscilloscope. PIN devices from HPK and AC-LGADs from BNL were characterized as well. A systematic and detailed characterization of the devices' energy linearity, resolution, and time resolution as a function of X-ray energy was performed for different biasing voltages at room temperature and are reported in this work. The charge collection and multiplication mechanism were simulated using Geant4 and TCAD Sentaurus, providing an important handle for interpreting the data.","PeriodicalId":16184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Instrumentation","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134935909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

R2D2 TPC: first Xenon results R2D2 TPC:第一个氙测试结果

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Journal of Instrumentation Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/t10001

R. Bouet, J. Busto, V. Cecchini, C. Cerna, P. Charpentier, M. Chapellier, A. Dastgheibi-Fard, F. Druillole, C. Jollet, P. Hellmuth, M. Gros, P. Lautridou, A. Meregaglia, X.F. Navick, F. Piquemal, F. Popieul, M. Roche, I. Savvidis, B. Thomas

{"title":"R2D2 TPC: first Xenon results","authors":"R. Bouet, J. Busto, V. Cecchini, C. Cerna, P. Charpentier, M. Chapellier, A. Dastgheibi-Fard, F. Druillole, C. Jollet, P. Hellmuth, M. Gros, P. Lautridou, A. Meregaglia, X.F. Navick, F. Piquemal, F. Popieul, M. Roche, I. Savvidis, B. Thomas","doi":"10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/t10001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/t10001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Radial time projection chambers (TPC), already employed in the search for rare phenomena such as light Dark Matter candidate, could provide a new detection approach for the search of neutrinoless double beta decay ( ββ 0 ν ). The assessment of the performances of such a detector for ββ 0 ν search is indeed the goal of the Rare Decays with Radial Detector (R2D2) R&D. Promising results operating a spherical TPC with argon up to 1 bar have been published in 2021. Supplementary measurements were recently taken extending the gas pressure range up to 3 bar. In addition, a comparison between two detector geometries, namely spherical (SPC for spherical proportional counter) and cylindrical (CPC for cylindrical proportional counter), was performed. Using a relatively simple gas purification system the CPC detector was also operated with xenon at 1 bar: an energy resolution of 1.4% full-width at half-maximum was achieved for drift distances up to 17 cm. Much lower resolution was observed with the SPC. These results are presented in this article.","PeriodicalId":16184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Instrumentation","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135459373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gain layer degradation study after neutron and proton irradiations in Low Gain Avalanche Diodes 低增益雪崩二极管中子和质子辐照后增益层退化研究

4区工程技术

Journal of Instrumentation Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/p10020

E. Currás Rivera, A. La Rosa, M. Moll, F. Zareef

引用次数: 0

Superconducting shield for the injection channel of the muEDM experiment at PSI 超导体屏蔽器在PSI下的注入通道

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Journal of Instrumentation Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/c10011

Anastasia Doinaki, Ciro Calzolaio, Ritwika Chakraborty, Michal Duda, Chavdar Dutsov, Massimo Giovannozzi, Timothy Hume, Katia Michielsen, Ljiljana Morvaj, Angela Papa, Philipp Schmidt-Wellenburg, David Stäger, Bastiano Vitali

{"title":"Superconducting shield for the injection channel of the muEDM experiment at PSI","authors":"Anastasia Doinaki, Ciro Calzolaio, Ritwika Chakraborty, Michal Duda, Chavdar Dutsov, Massimo Giovannozzi, Timothy Hume, Katia Michielsen, Ljiljana Morvaj, Angela Papa, Philipp Schmidt-Wellenburg, David Stäger, Bastiano Vitali","doi":"10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/c10011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/c10011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract At the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), we are setting up an experiment to search for the electric dipole moment (EDM) of the muon using the frozen-spin technique. The discovery of a muon EDM would indicate violation of charge conjugation parity symmetry (CP-violation) and lepton flavor universality, beyond the Standard Model. The experiment aims to achieve a sensitivity of σ ( d μ ) ≤ 6 × 10 -23 e · cm. This study is taking place during the first phase of the experiment and it focuses on the off-axis injection of muons into a 3 T storage solenoid. Muons need to be transported from the exit of the PSI beamline, a low magnetic-field region, into the strong magnetic-field of the solenoid. For this purpose, two magnetically shielded channels are being developed. In the direct vicinity of the injection helix inside the solenoid bore, we will use superconducting (SC) shielding to avoid any hysteresis effect, while farther away in the fringe field we will use iron tubes. Three prototypes of SC injection tubes will be produced: the first will use a commercial high temperature superconducting (HTS) tape wrapped around a hollow copper tube, the second will utilize several Nb-Ti/Nb/Cu sheets obtained from CERN, wrapped and mechanically clamped around another hollow copper tube, while the third will consist of a commercial cast Bi-2223 superconducting tube coiled with HTS tape. To evaluate the effectiveness of the different SC-shields, we will measure their shielding factors and determine the muon injection efficiency from the beamline into the solenoid.","PeriodicalId":16184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Instrumentation","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135922378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Temperature dependence of the electron-drift anisotropy and implications for the electron-drift model 电子漂移各向异性的温度依赖性及其对电子漂移模型的影响

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Journal of Instrumentation Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/p10030

I. Abt, C. Gooch, F. Hagemann, L. Hauertmann, D. Hervas Aguilar, X. Liu, O. Schulz, M. Schuster, A.J. Zsigmond

{"title":"Temperature dependence of the electron-drift anisotropy and implications for the electron-drift model","authors":"I. Abt, C. Gooch, F. Hagemann, L. Hauertmann, D. Hervas Aguilar, X. Liu, O. Schulz, M. Schuster, A.J. Zsigmond","doi":"10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/p10030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/p10030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The electron drift in germanium detectors is modeled making many assumptions. Confronted with data, these assumptions have to be revisited. The temperature dependence of the drift of electrons was studied in detail for an n-type segmented point-contact germanium detector. The detector was mounted in a temperature controlled, electrically cooled cryostat. Surface events were induced with collimated 81 keV photons from a 133 Ba source. A detailed analysis of the rise time of pulses collected in surface scans, performed at different temperatures, is presented. The longitudinal anisotropy of the electron drift decreases with rising temperature. A new approach, making use of designated rise-time windows determined by simulations using SolidStateDetectors.jl , was used to isolate the longitudinal drift of electrons along different axes to quantify this observation. The measured temperature dependence of the longitudinal drift velocities combined with the standard electron-drift model as widely used in relevant simulation packages results in unphysical predictions. A modification of the electron-drift model based on assuming phonons to be the dominating scattering centers for electrons is motivated and described. The results of a first implementation of the modified model in SolidStateDetectors.jl are shown. They describe the temperature dependence of the data reasonably well. A general review of the model and the standard input values for mobilities is suggested.","PeriodicalId":16184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Instrumentation","volume":"247 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136093818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Construction and measurement of the prototype side-coupled standing-wave tube for electron Linac 电子直线加速器侧耦合驻波管原型的构造与测量

4区工程技术

Journal of Instrumentation Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/t10006

Sara Zarei, Farshad Ghasemi, Shahin Sanaye Hajari, Mahdi Aghayan, Mahyar Shirshekan, Oveis Hasanpour, Fereydoun Abbasi Davani, Mohammad Lamehi Rachti

{"title":"Construction and measurement of the prototype side-coupled standing-wave tube for electron Linac","authors":"Sara Zarei, Farshad Ghasemi, Shahin Sanaye Hajari, Mahdi Aghayan, Mahyar Shirshekan, Oveis Hasanpour, Fereydoun Abbasi Davani, Mohammad Lamehi Rachti","doi":"10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/t10006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/t10006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Due to Iran's growing need for accelerators in various applications, NSTRI (Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute) has defined a 6 MeV e-Linac (electron linear accelerator) project for medical and inspection applications. This electron accelerator has a side-coupled standing wave tube that operates in π/2 mode at the frequency of 2998.5 MHz. This paper presents a summary of the construction and cold test stage of the prototype tube for this accelerator. The prototype tube was constructed from aluminum and clamped with bolts.In the cold test stage, low-power RF measurements werecarried out using a side-coupled cavity tuning method and a bead-pull measurement technique. Using a network analyzer, magnetic and electric probes, and a mechanical structure constructed for this tube made the RF tuning possible. After tuning, the resonant frequency, unloaded quality factor, and effective shunt impedance of the aluminum tube were achieved at 2998.57 MHz, 7970, and 83.25 MΩ/m respectively.","PeriodicalId":16184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Instrumentation","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136153289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A quantitative study of systematic uncertainties due to QED corrections in accurate Compton polarimetry experiments 精确康普顿偏振实验中QED校正引起的系统不确定度的定量研究

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Journal of Instrumentation Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/p10001

A. Martens, F. Mawas, F. Zomer

引用次数: 0