Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Prospective validation of the ICH score for long term mortality and functional outcome: A study from North India","authors":"Shaman Gill, P. Dhull, S. Gorthi","doi":"10.5455/jmas.49638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jmas.49638","url":null,"abstract":"The Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) Score is commonly used in patients of ICH as a grading tool which assesses clinical outcome after ICH. It has undergone validation for 30 days mortality in various studies but data on its validation for long term outcome is limited. The aim of this study was to assess whether ICH Score accurately categorizes ICH patients with regard to mortality and functional outcome at 3 months. This was a prospective observational study which included patients reporting to emergency department of a superspeciality care hospital with acute intracerebral hemorrhage over one year period. Components of ICH Score and baseline parameters were recorded. The functional outcome was assessed using modified Rankin scale (mRS) at 3 months post ICH. Of the 70 patients included in the study, 42(60%) patients survived at 3 months and out of them 26(37.1%) patients had a good outcome on mRS scale at 3 months. The ICH score correctly stratified patients with respect to mortality and functional outcome at 3 months as assessed by dichotomous cut points along the mRS. To conclude, the ICH Score is a valid score used in intracerebral hemor-rhage for assessing mortality and functional outcome at 3 months.","PeriodicalId":16176,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70824675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review on disinfection, airborne precautions and biomedical waste management for prevention of infection by SARS-CoV-2: Current evidences and adoptable practices in healthcare settings","authors":"Bipasa Chakraborty, R. Ray, P. Roy","doi":"10.5455/JMAS.124461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JMAS.124461","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence and spread of the novel corona virus SARS-CoV-2 causing pneumonia and severe respiratory tract infections has put the whole world in grave situation. The pandemicity is because the virus is highly contagious with very high transmissibility and spread from person to person by infected respiratory droplets and contacts. As no specific drug or vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 are available in the market, so preventive measures that break the chain of transmission are the mainstay to prevent COVID-19 infections. The present systematic review article highlights the current updates on preventive measures in the context of disinfection practices, droplet precautions, airborne precautions and biomedical waste management based on various research articles, national guidelines by Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and Central Pollution Control Board, Government of India and international guidelines by WHO, CDC. Search was conducted in Medline, Embase and Google Scholar with articles published in English language from 1st January 2020 to 20th July 2020 and were taken for reviewing. A systematic review protocol was developed based on PRISMA checklist and the PRISMA statement and was conducted to synthesise adoptable best practices based on current evidences. Three disinfectants have become most important to combat this novel corona virus, which are 70-85% ethanol, 0.1% sodium hypochlorite for routine environmental disinfection and 0.5% sodium hypochlorite for large spillage management and >0.5% hydrogen peroxide with a minimal contact time of 1 minute for all three disinfectants. Fogging of unoccupied rooms and testing laboratories can be done by 2% hydrogen peroxide solution. UV radiation at 240-260 nm have wide applications in routine terminal disinfection of unoccupied rooms and biosafety cabinets and also used for decontamination of N95 masks for reuse. Based on available evidences from WHO and ICMR it is suggested to take respiratory droplets and contact precautions in every health care settings taking care of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases, and airborne precautions are recommended when aerosol generating procedures are performed. According to CDC droplets and contact precautions are essential in routine health care settings and airborne precautions are essential when aerosol generating procedures are performed and are also recommended when taking care of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases depending on resource availability. Whether airborne precaution is essential for all settings is debatable and is still unclear based on available evidences. Proper handling of biomedical waste, segregation at source and disposal as per classification along with proper disposal of PPE after doffing can help in preventing the disease in community and among health care providers. Evidence on the modes of transmission of COVID-19 from dead bodies to individuals is yet to be established. Steps to be followed are based on Government Guidelines. ","PeriodicalId":16176,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70823181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An institution based prospective study on clinical spectrum of Sinonasal masses from Kolkata","authors":"Souradeep Ray, M. S. Chowdhury, A. Maiti, P. Banerjee","doi":"10.5455/JMAS.131236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JMAS.131236","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16176,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70823454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stainless steel flexible intramedullary nailing in pediatric femoral shaft fractures-A retrospective study","authors":"N. Shah, M. Beigh, N. Dar","doi":"10.5455/jmas.47982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jmas.47982","url":null,"abstract":"Femoral fractures in children are among the most common fractures of long bones. Various methods of treatment exist based on age of the patient, pattern of the fracture and acceptance of the patient and par-ents. Flexible intramedullary nailing has emerged as an accepted pro-cedure for femur fractures in school- age children. In this study our aim is to share our experience of stainless steel flexible intramedullary nail-ing as a treatment modality in femur shaft fractures in children from age 6 to 11 years.","PeriodicalId":16176,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70824668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitude of Sri Lankan radiography undergraduates towards artificial intelligence used in medical imaging","authors":"N. Chandrasiri, Amila Abeyweera, B. Weerakoon","doi":"10.5455/jmas.53516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jmas.53516","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to evaluate the attitude of radiography un-dergraduates in Sri Lanka towards artificial intelligence (AI) on medical imaging. An electronic questionnaire designed by Google forms survey administration software was used for data collection. The questionnaire consisted of different sections to evaluate demographic status of the participants, attitude, practice and knowledge related to AI on medical imaging. A total of 168 students responded to the questionnaire. The majority of them (64.3%) were female. Most of the respondents (92.3%) stated that they have practiced plain radiography imaging mo-dality during their clinical training. Around 67.9% respondents were aware about the AI based applications used in medical imaging. How-ever, the majority of respondents (51.17%) opined that AI will drastical-ly change and revolutionize medical imaging tools and methods in a foreseeable future. Most of the respondents (64.29%) believed that the use of AI based applications will make a radiographer’s duties more technical in the next 5-10 years. More than two thirds of the respond-ents (73.8%) stated their interest to involve any research on AI based techniques. In sub group analysis, there is a significant difference (p>0.05) of attitude between male and female respondents while no significant difference (p<0.05) of attitude between academic years. In conclusion responders showed a favorable attitude on AI which revolu-tionize medical imaging making radiographers duties more technical. It led to a strong demand to include AI technologies in both undergradu-ate and postgraduate training. Therefore, it is essential to take the lead in educating radiography undergraduate students about these emerg-ing technologies in the field of medical imaging and how to work effi-ciently with those technologies.","PeriodicalId":16176,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70824719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID 19 knowledge, misconceptions and practices among the non-medical college students in Tamil Nadu","authors":"V. Dhanaraj, G. Natarajan, J. Asha, P. Revathy, Divya Mohan, J. Udayakumar","doi":"10.5455/JMAS.7787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JMAS.7787","url":null,"abstract":"COVID 19 is an outbreak of global proportions with a prodigious impact that has made many countries across the globe to institute various forms of lockdown measures. A good understanding and knowledge of the disease is indispensable for the management of infection spread and for effective control measures. The aim of the study was to conduct a rapid online survey for evaluating the COVID 19 knowledge, misconceptions and practices among the non-medical college students in Tamil Nadu. An online cross sectional survey was conducted using Google forms involving 414 participants, who were college students from Tamil Nadu and were not related to health sciences courses. The questionnaire consisted of 4 sections to gauge the demographic details, COVID 19 knowledge, misconceptions and practices. The completed questionnaire was submitted by the students from the period of 6th July 2020 to 18th July 2020.The total responses received were 426 out of which 414 valid responses were taken into account. The female respondents of the study accounted for 57.2%. The Knowledge score was good except for the variable responses in case of knowledge regarding transmission from asymptomatic persons. This study reports considerable percentage of existing misconceptions and sensible practices being followed as advised by the government and health department. In general, the college students' level of COVID 19 knowledge was satisfactory, yet we could find inconsistencies in the fallacies and practices among them. Such online surveys can shed light upon the need for measures to increase the awareness and to improve practices during the rapid outbreak of COVID 19.","PeriodicalId":16176,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70825045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dermoscopy as a diagnostic tool in psoriasis","authors":"Madhulika Gavvala, Manmohan Gavvala","doi":"10.5455/JMAS.125691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JMAS.125691","url":null,"abstract":"Received 15 August 2020 Revised 29 September 2020 Accepted 30 September 2020 Online 10 January 2021 Print 31 January 2021 Dermoscopy allows visualizing vascular and non-vascular structures and aids in making an accurate diagnosis of pathological skin lesions. The aim of the present study was to observe and report the dermoscopic patterns of psoriatic lesions and correlate the dermoscopic diagnosis with the clinico-histopathological diagnosis. This was a prospective, observational study conducted over a period of 18 months in 44 patients who presented with psoriasis to the outpatient clinic of our department. Psoriatic skin lesions were evaluated clinically and subjected to dermoscopy and histopathological examination and the resulting diagnoses were correlated to establish the diagnostic utility of dermoscopy in psoriasis. The resultant findings were predominantly vascular i.e. red globules (RG-75%), glomerular like vessels (GLV22.72%), red dots (RD-2.27%), in regular distribution (100%) and the non-vascular findings were white scales (93.18%) in a diffuse arrangement (79.54%) and a light red background (56.18%). A combination of these vascular and non-vascular features predicted psoriasis accurately and was found to be significant. A positive correlation between the clinico-dermoscopic-histopathological diagnosis was possible in 75% of the cases. In conclusion, dermoscopic examination is a good auxiliary to strengthen the clinical diagnosis of psoriasis and may help evade the necessity of a biopsy on further standardization of the dermoscopic features in literature. Corresponding author","PeriodicalId":16176,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70823108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis of Pityriasis rosea using a triple light source dermoscope","authors":"Madhulika Gavvala, Manmohan Gavvala","doi":"10.5455/JMAS.125665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JMAS.125665","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16176,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70823191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of dermoscopy as a non-invasive diagnostic procedure in Lichen planus","authors":"Madhulika Gavvala, Manmohan Gavvala","doi":"10.5455/JMAS.125696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JMAS.125696","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16176,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70823201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare cases of Langerhans cell histiocytosis","authors":"G. Sailabala, D. Kalyani","doi":"10.5455/JMAS.106193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JMAS.106193","url":null,"abstract":"Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a group of disorders character-ized by proliferation of cells of mononuclear phagocytic system. In this study rare cases of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) were diagnosed. These patients had bony defects, proptosis, bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy in one case. The second case had cheek swelling, hepatosplenomegaly, skull and cheek swellings along with proptosis. The characteristic Langerhans cells were present on cytology for both cases. Hence these cases were diagnosed in both cases as Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) based on clinical, radiological and cytological features.","PeriodicalId":16176,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70822967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}