Bulletin "Biomedicine and sociology"最新文献

{"title":"PREVALENCE AND MORBIDITY OF URINARY DISEASE IN YAROSLAVL REGION","authors":"Bagryancev V.A.","doi":"10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2024-9-2-19-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2024-9-2-19-28","url":null,"abstract":"In modern society, urolithiasis is one of the most common diseases. The study of trends in the incidence and prevalence of the disease is important in practical medicine. The estimated annual increase in urolithiasis is about 3%. The causes of this phenomenon are discussed, and so far they are not fully known. The purpose of the study is to assess the cumulative incident and prevalence of urolithiasis among the adult population living in various municipal districts of the Yaroslavl region based on the analysis of statistical reports of state medical institutions and medical documentation for the period from 2018 to 2023. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of the statistical data of the work of state medical organizations of the Yaroslavl region for this period was carried out. An analysis of the total number of adult patients attached, changes in the number of patients attached, and the total number of patients diagnosed with urolithiasis was performed using the relevant International Classification of Diseases codes N20.0, N20.1, N20.2, N20.9, N23.Results and discussions. The results showed that in the city of Yaroslavl over the past 6 years there has been a natural increase in the adult population. However, a decrease in numbers was recorded between 2020 and 2021, possibly due to the negative consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is also a steady trend towards a decrease in the adult population in regions outside the regional center. Conclusion: It can be noted that urolithiasis is a widespread chronic disease of the urogenital system among the adult population living in various areas of the Yaroslavl region.","PeriodicalId":161741,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin \"Biomedicine and sociology\"","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141672924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF CHEWING PROCESS ON RESPIRATORY SINUS ARRHYTHMIA","authors":"Dimitriev D.A., Salimov E.R., Galigrova S.R.","doi":"10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2024-9-2-36-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2024-9-2-36-43","url":null,"abstract":"Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is a clockwise fluctuation in heart rate at the frequency of the respiratory cycle. RSA is an important homeostatic mechanism, the parameters of which change under various conditions - from stress to physical exercise. However, the direct effect of chewing, the most common form of muscle activity, on RSA has not yet been studied. We studied the dynamic evolution of RSA and the associated heart rate and respiratory rate during the transition from rest to chewing gum in 37 students (15 men). The measure of RSA in this study was the spectral power of high-frequency HF oscillations. Chewing was accompanied by a slight increase in respiratory rate (RR) and a significant increase in heart rate (HR), but a statistically insignificant increase in the HR/HR ratio. Although respiration was an important determinant of RSA in this study, we observed a significant decrease in HF in the presence of relatively stable RR and HR/RR levels, indicating that the main driver of the evolution of RSA during mastication is an increase in sympathetic tone due to the trigeminal reflex.","PeriodicalId":161741,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin \"Biomedicine and sociology\"","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141672245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATION OF THE IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECT OF THE DRY EXTRACT OF THE HERB TRIFOLUM PRATENSE L.","authors":"Mikhailova I.V., Sinegovets A.A., Smolyagin A.I., Kuzmicheva N.A., Pavlenko M.A.","doi":"10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2024-9-2-44-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2024-9-2-44-51","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to determine the optimal concentration of dry extract of the herb Trifolium pratense L. to reduce the immunosuppressive effect of methotrexate on the lymphoid organs of mice.\u0000Materials and methods. The immunomodulatory effect of the dry extract of the herb Trifolium pratense L. was assessed by the ability to bring the weight and cellularity of the lymphoid organs of the immune system of mice when exposed to methotrexate to the level of intact animals. Experimental studies were performed on 129 mature outbred white male mice. Immunomodulatory activity was assessed by determining the mass of the thymus and spleen, the number of thymocytes, splenocytes and myelokaryocytes.\u0000Results. A study of the immunomodulatory properties of the dry extract of the herb Trifolium pratense L. revealed that this phytosubstance in the selected dosage of 50 mg/kg did not change the weight and number of cells in the thymus and spleen of mice, including the number of bone marrow cells, while restoring the weight and cellularity of the immune system organs of mice exposed to methotrexate, which is comparable to the effect of the immunomodulator «Immunal».\u0000Conclusion. Dry extract of the herb Trifolium pratense L. at an optimal dosage of 50 mg/kg can reduce the immunosuppressive effect of methotrexate, which may be due to the high content of phenolic compounds. This herbal medicine can be considered as an immunomodulatory herbal remedy.","PeriodicalId":161741,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin \"Biomedicine and sociology\"","volume":" 62","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141672992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF CHEWING PROCESS ON HEMODYNAMIC INDICATORS","authors":"Dimitriev D.A., Salimov E.R., Galigrova S.R.","doi":"10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2024-9-2-11-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2024-9-2-11-18","url":null,"abstract":"Chewing has been shown to have a significant effect on systemic circulation, with circulatory responses appearing to be largely regulated by autonomic nervous activity through a more complex regulatory system than responses to other activities. However, the results of studies on the relationship between masticatory movements and changes in autonomic nervous activity and systemic circulation are still rare and contradictory. We examined changes in systemic circulation during gum chewing. Blood pressure, heart rate, and chewing electromyograms were recorded during continuous gum chewing as indicators of systemic circulation in 27 healthy subjects with normal occlusion. Nonparametric matched-sample analyzes were performed to determine the chronological changes in each variable during gum chewing, and nonparametric Spearman correlations were calculated to assess the relationship between changes in hemodynamic parameters and masticatory muscle activity. Chewing gum increased heart rate and blood pressure, indicating significant changes in sympathetic activity and vagal tone. We have identified a pronounced, statistically significant strong correlation between changes in heart rate and the magnitude of contractions of the masticatory muscles. These results suggest that changes in the activity of parts of the autonomic nervous system may be due to the trigeminal nerve reflex, which explains some of the features of the autonomic nervous regulation of chewing movements.","PeriodicalId":161741,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin \"Biomedicine and sociology\"","volume":" 43","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141672369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INTERNATIONAL SAFETY PROFILE FOR THE USE OF OMALIZUMAB IN CLINICAL PRACTICE","authors":"Schneider K.O., Maksimov M.L., Romanov B.K.","doi":"10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2024-9-2-3-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2024-9-2-3-10","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides an overview of information on cases of adverse reactions with the use of omalizumab, the reports of which are included in the database of the World Health Organization's international drug monitoring program in 6 years (selected period 01.01.2017-01.01.2024). An analysis of the safety indicators of omalizumab, which is the drug of choice in the treatment of a number of severe atopic diseases, was carried out. Despite the long-term use of the drug in medical practice (more than 15 years) and reports on its efficacy, there is insufficient information on adverse reactions during its use, especially in the Russian Federation, since long-term clinical monitoring has not been carried out. The obtained characteristics of the structure of adverse reactions to the use of omalizumab by gender, age of patients, nature of their complaints, severity of outcomes, geography and initiators of reports, constitute a theoretical basis for improving and fine-tuning the domestic system of pharmacovigilance and drug monitoring, and may also be of practical interest to doctors, researchers and health regulators. The first rank places in the structure of adverse reactions to omalizumab are occupied by: general disorders and reactions at the site of administration, disorders of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, disorders of the respiratory system, thoracic and mediastinal organs, injuries, intoxication and complications of procedures, disorders of the nervous system. In the overall structure of NR, serious adverse reactions to omalizumab accounted for 35,1%. The analysis showed that in the assessment of adverse reactions, a significant role is given to patients (their representatives), whose opinion is determined by subjective feelings and the level of awareness, so more attention should be paid to drug informing patients.","PeriodicalId":161741,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin \"Biomedicine and sociology\"","volume":" 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141672012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SAFETY OF OMALIZUMAB IN DIFFERENT PATIENT POPULATIONS","authors":"Kondrakhin A.P., Maksimov M.L., Schneider K.O.","doi":"10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2024-9-2-59-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2024-9-2-59-65","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to an analytical review of studies to assess the clinical safety of omalizumab. The analysis showed that targeted therapy using genetically engineered biological drugs, which include, in particular, omalizumab, is increasingly used in the treatment of allergic diseases. In general, most studies show the clinical efficacy of omalisamab in bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, anaphylactic conditions, allergic urticaria, both in adults and children. However, there are isolated reports that allow us to talk about individual restrictions in the use of this drug associated with adverse reactions. Anaphylactic reactions have been most commonly reported during the administration of omalizumab. There are reports that indicate itching and rashes on the skin as undesirable reactions. In children, dyspeptic disorders are a common complaint. Reliable data on the initiation of malignancy processes against the background of the use of omalizumab have not been established. Quite rarely, as adverse reactions, the authors note eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis and thromboembolic complications. The authors draw attention to the need for a thorough collection of allergic anamnesis in patients, a clear selection of the dose of the drug, and monitoring patients in the first hours after the administration of the drug. The analysis data are the theoretical basis for improving the system for ensuring the safety of medicines and notifying supervisory authorities of adverse reactions to the use of medicines.","PeriodicalId":161741,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin \"Biomedicine and sociology\"","volume":" 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141671909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROSPECTS FOR USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN DENTAL CLINIC MANAGEMENT","authors":"Borisov N.A., Malyavin S.N., Borisova E.G.","doi":"10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2024-9-2-29-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2024-9-2-29-35","url":null,"abstract":"A rapidly developing technology - artificial intelligence - is actively being introduced into the life of modern people. One of the promising areas of its application is dentistry. Artificial intelligence can be used to improve the efficiency of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of oral diseases. This allows dentists, both public and private clinics, to work more efficiently and accurately. The process of treatment of all dental diseases is accelerated, making it more comfortable for patients. In addition, the quality of treatment and prosthetic results improves. The main goal of any dental clinic is to improve the quality of life of patients. But sometimes, interruptions in cellular communications and computer equipment, incomplete knowledge of the use of technology by receptionists, and a fairly large amount of medical documentation that a dentist needs to fill out negatively affects the provision of dental services. In turn, the management of a dental clinic is simplified. Aim of the work. Conduct a survey of the heads of private and public dental clinics in St. Petersburg on the readiness to use artificial intelligence in the institution, as well as a review of domestic and foreign literature sources to analyze the need to implement artificial intelligence in the work of dental clinics. Material and methods. A survey was conducted in St. Petersburg of the heads of 6 private and 6 state dental clinics using a developed questionnaire, as well as a review of available Russian and foreign scientific literature over the past 5 years, which allows for a more complete assessment of the programs based on artificial intelligence offered by many companies and developers to improve the concept of management and quality of patient service in dental clinics. Results and discussion. The use of artificial intelligence in the dental services management system not only helps save time and material resources, but also creates convenience for patients when making an appointment with a dentist, and improves the quality of provision of all types of dental services. Conclusions. The prospects for introducing artificial intelligence into dental clinic management are enormous. But its integration into this area of medicine requires the continuation of medical and sociological research and the creation of regulatory frameworks.","PeriodicalId":161741,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin \"Biomedicine and sociology\"","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141671931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSES OF ADVERSE REACTIONS TO OMALIZUMAB","authors":"Maksimov M.L., Schneider K.O., Romanov B.K.","doi":"10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2024-9-2-52-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2024-9-2-52-58","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, there are no comprehensive studies to assess the causes of adverse reactions in terms of the use of omalizumab. The aim of the study was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the causes of adverse reactions to omalizumab. Materials and methods. Based on these criteria, experts of medical organizations conducted a retrospective assessment of 300 cases of omalizumab use with registration of existing defects based on the data of primary medical documentation (inpatient records, outpatient records). By the method of a sociological survey of 100 doctors, the level of their awareness of the procedure for reporting adverse reactions of drugs and, in particular, omalizumab was studied. The data were processed using applied computer programs. Outcomes. The incidence of medical-organizational defects in safety monitoring of omalizumab was 591 per 100 cases overall. The highest frequency was observed in such defects as: \"lack of analysis of identified adverse reactions and cases of ineffectiveness\"; \"lack of a plan for corrective and preventive measures in connection with the detection of cases of adverse drug reactions\"; \"violation of the deadlines for the transfer of notices\". In the structure of defects in reporting and filling out notifications of adverse reactions of omalizumab by doctors of medical organizations, the leading positions are occupied by: the absence of indications of the presence of bad habits (drug addiction, alcohol abuse, smoking) in the patient; absence of indications of the patient's reaction to the drug; lack of information about the period of time that has elapsed from the administration of the drug to the onset of symptoms of an adverse reaction. The weakest points of professional awareness of doctors about the procedure for reporting adverse reactions of omalizumab are: awareness of the need and content of the analysis of the identified adverse reactions; on regulatory documents on the quality, efficacy and safety of medicines; on the notification scheme of the person responsible for monitoring the safety of the medicinal product.","PeriodicalId":161741,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin \"Biomedicine and sociology\"","volume":" 44","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141672542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PREVALENCE OF PERIAPICAL TISSUE DISEASES AMONG THE ADULT POPULATION OF A LARGE INDUSTRIAL CITY","authors":"Bagryanceva N.V.","doi":"10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2023-8-3-37-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2023-8-3-37-41","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic forms of apical periodontitis represent one of the most urgent problems of clinical dentistry, because the number of patients remains to this day, very significant, and in the structure of dental morbidity are located after pulpitis and caries in third place. There are relatively few modern data on the prevalence and incidence of chronic forms of apical periodontitis and they are often contradictory. At the same time, there are practically no data from multicenter studies among the adult population living in various cities of one of the subjects of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of chronic forms of periapical tissue diseases among the adult population of a large industrial city receiving medical care at the state budgetary healthcare institution of the regional center of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation. In the conditions of the profile state medical center of A retrospective analysis of 2,168 dental outpatient records of patients with periapical tissue diseases for 2017-2022 was carried out in Yaroslavl. Based on the data obtained, the following statistical indicators were calculated: the severity of periodontal pathology and prevalence for specific annual indicators and age groups, the number of teeth with destructive forms of apical periodontitis, gender-age composition of patients with periapical tissue disease. Of all the considered registers, the most common pathologies of pulp and periapical pathology were irreversible pulpitis (34.58%) and chronic apical periodontitis (34.89%). The female sex prevailed (65.36%). According to the reviewed records, the age group that most needed endodontic treatment was 60 years and older (36.99%). The upper first molars (24.15%) and lower molars (36.71%) were most often treated, and the most common etiological factor was dental caries (84.07%). This situation requires decision makers to invest in prevention and oral health promotion programs to implement programs that ideally should be based on the real needs of the population.Keywords: prevalence, morbidity, chronic apical periodontitis, odontogenic infection.","PeriodicalId":161741,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin \"Biomedicine and sociology\"","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139332732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PREVENTION OF DISEASES OF THE WORKING POPULATION FROM THE POSITION OF INDUSTRIAL AND RESTORATIVE MEDICINE","authors":"Mingazova E.N., Yusupova M.M., Gureev S.A., Mingazov R.N.","doi":"10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2023-8-3-42-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2023-8-3-42-47","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a review of foreign literature on the main approaches to protecting the health of the working population from the standpoint of industrial and restorative medicine. The article discusses the problems associated with psychosocial risks and stressful impacts at work / production, substantiates the need to implement measures based on the principles of prevention, recovery and rehabilitation. It is emphasized that today, requirements for working conditions, control over production processes, the relationship between requirements in the field of health protection of workers and their labor protection, as well as psychosocial factors - uncertainty at work, distracting breaks, lack of team spirit and etc. The policy of the enterprise, relevant industries, and the state itself in the field of protecting the health and life safety of workers is of decisive importance for the health of the working population. Teamwork involves not only the participation of health and safety employees, but also the employees and employers themselves at the respective workplaces / production sites, as well as the involvement of third-party experts. Sustainable employment of the working population is associated, according to scientists, with such aspects as maintaining and restoring the health of workers, economic productivity, social utility and a favorable long-term outlook. Problems of risks for workers require an integrated approach to the development of measures aimed at primary prevention, including the prevention of overwork, changing the style and organization of work, strengthening and maintaining health in general. An approach is considered important for preserving and restoring the health of the working population when it is advisable to combine measures for the primary prevention of health disorders not only with measures to optimize the organization and working conditions, but also with modern technologies of preventive and restorative medicine.","PeriodicalId":161741,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin \"Biomedicine and sociology\"","volume":"286 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139333673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}