{"title":"Commentary on “Intersectionality in Marketing: A Paradigm for Understanding Understudied Consumers”","authors":"Giana M. Eckhardt, Praveen K. Kopalle","doi":"10.1177/00222429241270738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00222429241270738","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16152,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marketing","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142449432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Greg Nyilasy, Shangwen Yi, Dennis Herhausen, Stephan Ludwig, Darren W. Dahl
{"title":"EXPRESS: Business-to-Investor (B2I) Marketing: The Interplay of Costly and Costless Signals","authors":"Greg Nyilasy, Shangwen Yi, Dennis Herhausen, Stephan Ludwig, Darren W. Dahl","doi":"10.1177/00222429241288464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00222429241288464","url":null,"abstract":"Marketing to investors – especially when seeking funding for start-ups – is unique, with investors facing extreme uncertainty. This study uses foundational work in marketing, economics, management, finance, and psychology, as well as theories-in-use development with angel and VC investors to build a Business-to-Investor (B2I) Marketing theory. The theory proposes that investors rely on marketing signals from start-ups’ whether they are costly (financial, social, human, and intellectual resource endowments) or costless (verbal passion and concreteness). Results of a large quantitative field study of 5,334 written proposals from start-ups show that costly and costless signals have interactive effects on investor acceptance. The natural entrepreneurial tendency to compensate for a lack of costly signals with the use of passionate language backfires, reducing investor acceptance. Only when there is a number of costly signals communicated does a greater use of passion increase investor acceptance. Further, written proposals should be moderately concrete when they lack costly signals and should be formulated abstractly when plenty of costly signals can be offered. These contingencies provide insights into costly-costless signal interdependence in B2I marketing and suggest how start-ups can optimize their written proposals for investor acceptance.","PeriodicalId":16152,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marketing","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142328997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caterina D’Assergio, Puneet Manchanda, Elisa Montaguti, Sara Valentini
{"title":"EXPRESS: The Race for Data: Utilizing Informative or Persuasive Cues to Gain Opt-in?","authors":"Caterina D’Assergio, Puneet Manchanda, Elisa Montaguti, Sara Valentini","doi":"10.1177/00222429241288456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00222429241288456","url":null,"abstract":"The EU's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) mandates explicit user opt-in consent for data access. It recommends transparency in opt-in requests about data collection, storage, and use, without specifying the format of these requests. Consequently, the GDPR gives firms flexibility in designing opt-in messages. This research uses theory, multiple datasets, and methods to investigate firms’ communication formats for opt-in requests, addressing three questions: 1) how do firms design their opt-in requests? 2) does the chosen format affect consumer response? 3) what drives firms' choices of formats? The analysis of 1,506 re-permission emails from 1,396 firms post-GDPR shows that 26% use only persuasive cues to request data, while 24% blend persuasive and informative cues. Notably, businesses with an offline presence use more persuasive cues compared to purely digital entities. A field experiment rationalizes this behavior showing that informative cues alone did not improve opt-in; a mix of persuasive and informative cues proved more successful. Additionally, firms dependent on personal data utilize persuasive cues more often than firms concerned with reputational risks of GDPR non-compliance. This study offers pivotal insights for regulators, firms, and consumers, revealing variations in how different firms acquire consent and the impact of their strategies on user behavior.","PeriodicalId":16152,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marketing","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142329039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EXPRESS: The Minority Ownership Awareness Effect: When Promoting Minority Ownership Increases Brand Evaluations","authors":"Esther Uduehi, Aaron J. Barnes","doi":"10.1177/00222429241283811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00222429241283811","url":null,"abstract":"Recent social movements, such as Black Lives Matter, have prompted brands and retailers to increase the use of minority ownership labels (e.g., Black-owned or woman-owned). The current research examines when and why minority ownership awareness influences consumer behavior, particularly for brand failures. When a brand failure occurs, minority ownership awareness can result in higher brand evaluations and greater willingness to pay, a phenomenon referred to as the minority ownership awareness effect. This effect and its boundary conditions are demonstrated through five experiments and analyses of over 27,000 Google reviews for Black-owned restaurants. The authors propose that minority ownership awareness invokes a type of underdog effect which is pronounced in situations involving product (vs. moral) failures, among people with low (vs. high) social dominance orientation, and among those people with a high (vs. low) internal motivation to respond without prejudice.","PeriodicalId":16152,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marketing","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142166087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EXPRESS: Buy Now Pay Later: Impact of Installment Payments on Customer Purchases","authors":"Stijn Maesen, Dionysius Ang","doi":"10.1177/00222429241282414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00222429241282414","url":null,"abstract":"Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) installment payments allow customers to pay for purchases in a series of interest-free installments over a short period of time. This research provides novel insights into how customer adoption of BNPL installment payments impacts spending. The authors leverage customer-level transaction data before and after the introduction of a BNPL installment payment service at a large US retailer. A difference-in-difference analysis indicates that the adoption of BNPL installment payments is associated with (1) an increase in purchase incidence, and (2) larger purchase amounts. These effects are statistically and economically significant over time. Moreover, this increase in spending is greater for smaller (vs. larger) basket shoppers, and for shoppers who relied more heavily on credit (vs. debit) cards before adoption. Three pre-registered experiments show that BNPL installment (vs. lump sum) payments increase spending by reducing perceived financial constraints. Specifically, BNPL installments alleviate perceived financial constraints by reducing perceived costs and facilitating budget control. These findings highlight the substantive role of BNPL installment payments in shaping purchase behavior and provide important implications for the management of BNPL payment schemes.","PeriodicalId":16152,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marketing","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142118021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EXPRESS: The Impact of Air Pollution on Consumer Spending","authors":"Sanghwa Kim, Michael Trusov","doi":"10.1177/00222429241282998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00222429241282998","url":null,"abstract":"Air pollution is a growing concern to economies and societies worldwide. Despite common knowledge that air pollution impairs our emotions and cognition and hence behavioral outcomes, the impact of air pollution on consumer spending remains an open question. Analyzing air quality readings and individual-level credit card transactions in South Korea, this paper shows that consumers spend more money when air quality is poorer. This correlation is more prominent in hedonic categories, such as entertainment or leisure activities, where the nature of consumption is characterized by greater emotional benefits. The authors consider potential explanations, and the leading hypothesis is that consumers treat spending as a mood-regulating resource. The results survive an array of robustness checks and are supported in a controlled experiment, reinforcing a causal inference behind the main findings. The authors provide implications for stakeholders to develop a sustainable marketing program that not only pursues managerial interests but also concerns consumer welfare in the face of environmental change.","PeriodicalId":16152,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marketing","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142118022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EXPRESS: Timing Legitimacy: Identifying the Optimal Moment to Launch Technology in the Market","authors":"Thomas Derek Robinson, Ela Veresiu","doi":"10.1177/00222429241280405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00222429241280405","url":null,"abstract":"How do managers time the launch of new technologies? Without actionable frameworks to ensure consumers and other stakeholders are ready, innovation releases remain a risky endeavor. Previous work on legitimacy has focused on stages following a product launch. However, launch timing concerns shared expectations of when actions should occur prior to launch. This conceptual article evaluates the alignment between firm and stakeholder expectations regarding launch timing. It proposes that the market timing of new technology launches is structured by two dimensions: firm-led coordination and stakeholders’ willingness to change. Combining these dimensions, the authors map four types of market timing situations managers can encounter: antagonistic, synergistic, flexible, and inflexible timing. Temporal legitimacy is achieved when a firm and its key stakeholders share timing norms about the ideal moments when activities should occur in a market process. The authors conceptualize proto-markets as prefacing the well-known market legitimacy stages. This article concludes with a detailed managerial decision tree on how to create the optimal technology product launch moment and avenues of future research on market timing beyond technology launches.","PeriodicalId":16152,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marketing","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142084713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EXPRESS: Framing of Differences: Visual Product Frames Reduce Consumer Choice Deferrals","authors":"Yanli Jia, Jun Ouyang, John Qi Dong, Yuwei Jiang","doi":"10.1177/00222429241280224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00222429241280224","url":null,"abstract":"Consumer choice deferral contributes to the low conversion rate in online retailing. This paper investigates the impact of visual product frames on consumers’ decisions regarding choice deferral. We show that using visual frames to separate options in a product assortment increases consumers’ relative use of the by-alternative (vs. by-attribute) approach for option comparisons, which induces greater perception of assortment variety and subsequently decreases choice-deferral rate. Through seven preregistered studies (including an eye-tracking study and a field experiment), we obtain convergent empirical evidence for these proposed effects and suggest actionable guidelines for online retailers regarding how to best design their product displays to nudge sales.","PeriodicalId":16152,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marketing","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142084716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EXPRESS: The Enrichment Economy: Market Dynamics, Brand Strategy, and Ethics","authors":"Delphine Dion, Roman Pavlyuchenko, Sonja Prokopec","doi":"10.1177/00222429241275014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00222429241275014","url":null,"abstract":"Rare watches, fine wines and spirits, sports cars, designer sneakers, and many other luxury goods create massive enrichment opportunities for consumers if they resell them on secondary markets. This trend is part of the enrichment economy, a novel form of market arrangement where consumers use iconic goods to increase their capital. However, it creates challenges for brands, such as preserving their primary market desirability and avoiding cannibalization. To understand how brands can navigate the enrichment economy, we have conducted an ethnographic study of the luxury watch industry. Drawing on market system dynamics, we theorize market processes that sustain a market within the enrichment economy. We explain the shared discourses, norms, and practices that make the enrichment economy function. This research makes four contributions. First, we theorize primary-secondary market dynamics as a novel class of market dynamics. Second, we theorize the new role of luxury brands as enrichment curators. Third, we discuss the ethics of enrichment by highlighting inequalities and risks it creates. Fourth, we introduce the enrichment strategy as a novel brand strategy that capitalizes on the market dynamics of enrichment. We offer recommendations for luxury and non-luxury brands on product portfolio management, customer relationship management, and ethical innovation.","PeriodicalId":16152,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marketing","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141910311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EXPRESS: AI-Human Hybrids for Marketing Research: Leveraging LLMs as Collaborators","authors":"Neeraj Arora, Ishita Chakraborty, Yohei Nishimura","doi":"10.1177/00222429241276529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00222429241276529","url":null,"abstract":"The authors’ central premise is that a human-LLM hybrid approach leads to efficiency and effectiveness gains in the marketing research process. In qualitative research, they show that LLMs can assist in both data generation and analysis; LLMs effectively create sample characteristics, generate synthetic respondents, and conduct and moderate in-depth interviews. The AI-human hybrid generates information-rich, coherent data that surpasses human-only data in depth and insightfulness and matches human performance in data analysis tasks of generating themes and summaries. Evidence from expert judges shows that humans and LLMs possess complementary skills; the human-LLM hybrid outperforms its human-only or LLM-only counterpart. For quantitative research, the LLM correctly picks the answer direction and valence, with the quality of synthetic data significantly improving through few-shot learning and retrieval-augmented generation. The authors demonstrate the value of the AI-human hybrid by collaborating with a Fortune 500 food company and replicating a 2019 qualitative and quantitative study using GPT-4. For their empirical investigation, the authors design the system architecture and prompts to create personas, ask questions, and obtain responses from synthetic respondents. They provide roadmaps for integrating LLMs into qualitative and quantitative marketing research and conclude that LLMs serve as valuable collaborators in the insight generation process.","PeriodicalId":16152,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marketing","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141910441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}