Journal of Manufacturing Processes最新文献

{"title":"Sensorless monitoring of cutting forces and torques in machining using industrial edge device","authors":"Mohammadreza Chehrehzad ,&nbsp;Mümin Irican ,&nbsp;Ismail Lazoglu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.06.104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.06.104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Measuring cutting forces and torque during machining processes typically necessitates the use of specialized and often costly sensors, such as dynamometers. These sensors are designed to precisely capture the forces acting on the tool and workpiece during the cutting process, allowing for detailed analysis of the machining performance. The data obtained from such sensors is crucial for optimizing cutting parameters, improving tool life, and ensuring the quality of the machined surface. However, the high cost and complexity of these measurement systems can limit their widespread application, prompting interest in alternative methods or cost-effective solutions. This paper presents a novel method for sensorless online measurement of cutting forces and torques utilizing spindle current and torque data of an industrial Edge device. The milling forces and torques were initially measured with a dynamometer, while simultaneously, the spindle current and torque data were recorded using an industrial Edge device during the milling of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V. Statistical analysis of the data revealed strong correlations between the dynamometer readings and those obtained from the edge device. Validation of the method demonstrated that it achieves mean errors of less than 12 %. The proposed methodology offers a promising alternative for real-time, sensorless monitoring of cutting parameters, which could reduce the dependency on expensive sensors, minimize setup times, and enhance overall machining efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"150 ","pages":"Pages 981-1003"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144569993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on material removal and damage suppression mechanism of Sip/Al composites with in-situ laser-assisted cutting","authors":"Zhengding Zheng ,&nbsp;Dachuan Chen ,&nbsp;Siyuan Han ,&nbsp;Xilin Ke ,&nbsp;Yunxiang Zheng ,&nbsp;Jianguo Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhaohui Wang ,&nbsp;Xiao Chen ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The incorporation of reinforced particles significantly complicates the ultra-precision machining for optical mirrors on particle-reinforced metal matrix composites, exemplified by Sip/Al composites. In this research, in-situ laser-assisted cutting (LAC) was employed to enhance the machinability of Sip/Al composites. The material removal and damage suppression mechanisms were analyzed through surface morphology, cutting forces, residual stress, and chip morphology. Furthermore, the coupled effects of laser and cutting parameters on the particle deformation behavior and machining damage were investigated. Finally, process validation was carried out to prepare aspheric mirrors on Sip/Al composites using in-situ LAC. The findings indicated that in-situ LAC effectively improves the ductile machining capability of Si particles, reducing cutting forces by 38 % and suppressing particle fracture. The laser enhanced the plastic flowability of matrix and suppressed chip fracture. The matrix cladding induced by laser effectively fills microcracks, pits, and other defects. However, the protruding microstructures caused by excessive cladding limit further improvements in surface quality. Based on the optimized process parameters, in-situ LAC can achieve ultra-precision machining of aspheric mirrors on Sip/Al composites with surface roughness Sa below 14 nm. The research provides theoretical guidance for exploring technical measures to enhance the surface quality of Sip/Al composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"150 ","pages":"Pages 1004-1017"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling and analysis of the instantaneous undeformed chip thickness in multi-axis torus milling in the aspect of tool wear","authors":"Michał Gdula","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.07.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tool wear is one of the main challenges for prediction and optimisation in machining. This becomes even more important in the multi-axis milling of Ni-based difficult-to-cut materials, once because of kinematics of the process, two because of properties of the material, and three because of unknown physical couplings. Tool wear is constituted in the area of the instantaneous undeformed chip. From the point of view of tool wear, in multi-axis machining with an inclined tool axis, it becomes important to know how the thickness of the undeformed chip is distributed over the cutting edge as a function of tool rotation angle. As this distribution has not yet been investigated, a three-dimensional model of the undeformed chip was developed in a function of the instantaneous contact angle between the torus cutter and the machined surface. Simulation studies based on this model were carried out together with the distribution of the maximum chip thickness in the basic plane of the cutter blade. In the following, experimental studies were carried out to verify this distribution and its comparability with the formation of the torus milling cutter wear forms for the declared threshold wear values given. From the results obtained, it was found that as the value of the tool axis inclination angle increases, the life of the torus milling cutter lengthens over the range of this inclination studied. This is due, among other things, to the demonstrated in this work to a reduction in the value of the tool's working angle while dispersing the value of the maximum chip thickness in the base plane of the cutting edge. The developed 3D model of the instantaneous undeformed chip can form the basis of tool wear prediction techniques and systems, and further investigations, particularly for the notching wear type of the multi-axis torus milling process. The precision of the developed model in terms of predicting tool wear area based on the maximum chip thickness distribution is 97 %. The error in predicting the maximum chip thickness does not exceed 15 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"150 ","pages":"Pages 949-967"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144569996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removal mechanisms and damage evolution in unidirectional Cf/SiC composites during 2D ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding with a single diamond abrasive particle","authors":"Guoqiang Yin ,&nbsp;Hongrui Liang ,&nbsp;Shengyang Pang ,&nbsp;Zeyu Liu ,&nbsp;Guanhua Yang ,&nbsp;Xuelong Wen ,&nbsp;Yao Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.06.098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.06.098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon fiber-reinforced silicon carbide composites (C_f/SiC composites) offer high specific strength and high-temperature stability. However, their inherent hardness, brittleness, and anisotropy often cause severe defects during conventional grinding, such as fiber pullout and interfacial delamination. To address these challenges, a two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding technique was applied to unidirectional C_f/SiC composites with a single diamond abrasive particle tool oriented transversely to the fiber direction. A three-dimensional finite element model based on a representative volume element was constructed to simulate the dynamic evolution of grinding forces and material damage during different phases of ultrasonic vibration. This model was used to systematically investigate how two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration influences the material removal mechanism and damage distribution. The results indicate that two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration significantly reduces the likelihood of localized brittle failure during material removal. It also suppresses fiber pullout and interfacial delamination, improves surface quality, and reduces the extent of subsurface cracks. However, when the maximum undeformed chip thickness is increased from 0.1 μm to 1 μm, ultrasonic vibration still reduces grinding forces and mitigates stress concentrations but fails to fully prevent large-scale delamination or collapse.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"150 ","pages":"Pages 968-980"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144569992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrohydrodynamic jet printing enables Micro-OLEDs multilayer structure preparation","authors":"Ziwei Zhao ,&nbsp;Wei Chen ,&nbsp;Wenxiang Wu ,&nbsp;Yangwen Zhao ,&nbsp;Guozhen Wang ,&nbsp;Yuxuan Tang ,&nbsp;Wei Tang ,&nbsp;Jiankui Chen ,&nbsp;Zhouping Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.06.058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.06.058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of advanced technologies such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) is driving the innovation of ultra-high-resolution display panels, such as Micro-Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (Micro-OLEDs). Micro-OLEDs typically consist of multilayer structures, and some researchers have opted for electrofluidic inkjet printing technology over the traditional vapor deposition process. This preference is due to its advantages in achieving high resolution, enabling additive manufacturing. However, when printing multilayer structures, the deposition charge from the bottom layer, along with electric field crosstalk, can cause printing defects. This paper introduces two innovative modules into the conventional printing process: a deep reinforcement learning framework for dynamic height adjustment and a ’run-to-run’ data control strategy. The Soft Actor–Critic (SAC) deep reinforcement learning algorithm is employed to develop a strategy for regulating process parameters and the height of the printed structure. This approach allows for the precise control of the multilayer structure height, compensating for the impact of accumulated charges in complex electric fields. Using the electrofluidic printing platform, a three-layer structure was printed on pixel pits with HIL, HTL, and EML inks. This printing process yielded OLED devices with 1200 ppi resolution, adjustable volume, and a stable structure. The uniformity of the printed layer height achieved 96.3%. Furthermore, Micro-OLEDs devices with a resolution of 3600 ppi were successfully fabricated, meeting the resolution requirements for most current display panels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"150 ","pages":"Pages 924-932"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144569994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface-centric toolpath optimization via cutter location surface reconstruction for addressing neighboring inconsistency in CNC machining","authors":"Liping Wang,&nbsp;Yuanshenglong Li,&nbsp;Hongli Yang,&nbsp;Jingfan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.06.089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.06.089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In complex surface machining, traditional path-centric computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) and computer-numerical-control (CNC) research only process surface-discretized information, inherently relying on geometric line-based algorithms. Due to their loss of surface continuity during machining, significant feedrate variations occur between neighboring toolpaths, leading to neighboring-inconsistency defects that compromise surface quality in industrial applications. To address this long-overlooked issue, this paper proposes a novel surface-centric information processing framework for toolpath optimization. First, the cutter location (CL) surface is defined and utilized as a carrier of continuous surface-level information. An optimal fitting method based on a dual-objective combined metric in quadratic form is proposed to reconstruct unordered CL points into a G2-continuous B-spline CL surface, which balances accuracy and smoothness. The reconstructed CL surface maintains continuous longitudinal curvature. Subsequently, the correlation between longitudinal curvature distribution and feedrate consistency is investigated. A curvature-consistent toolpath generation algorithm is introduced, which preserves the original path structure while leveraging the theoretical longitudinal curvature of the CL surface to select new CL points and minimize discrete curvature estimation errors. Machining experiments conducted on a mountain-shaped surface and a human-face surface validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. By extracting and reusing surface-level information, the optimized toolpaths significantly improve neighboring feedrate consistency, enhance surface quality, and reduce machining time. The proposed method is fully compatible with existing CAM-CNC pipelines, requiring no hardware modifications, thus demonstrating high industrial adaptability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"150 ","pages":"Pages 933-948"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144569995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curved surface slicing algorithm of additive manufacturing digital model based on the combination of inner and outer bounding box and projection method","authors":"Runlin Cheng ,&nbsp;Xiangman Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiaochen Xiong ,&nbsp;Xingwang Bai ,&nbsp;Youlu Yuan ,&nbsp;Haihua Wu ,&nbsp;Junjian Fu ,&nbsp;Youheng Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.06.094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.06.094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the issue of low intersection efficiency in curved surface slicing of an STL model in additive manufacturing, this study proposes a novel curved surface slicing algorithm that integrates inner and outer bounding boxes with a projection-based approach. The proposed methodology is outlined as follows: Firstly, during the intersection process between the curved surface layer and the model, oriented bounding boxes (OBBs) are constructed for both the curved surface layer and the model to identify the intersecting regions, and the triangles located within the intersecting regions are selected. Secondly, the inner bounding boxes are constructed within the curved surface layer, the triangles located within the intersecting regions of the model and the inner bounding boxes are then projected onto the <em>XOZ</em> and <em>YOZ</em> planes, and the triangles of the model that do not intersect with the curved surface layer are effectively removed by Boolean operations. Finally, after two rounds of screening, an axis-aligned bounding box (AABB) is constructed for both the remaining triangles of the model and the triangles of the curved surface layer within the intersecting region, the intersection calculations are then performed on the triangles that are likely to intersect. The algorithm is applied to the STL model of impeller blades, and the results demonstrate significant improvements in computational efficiency. Specifically, the time complexity of the proposed algorithm is approximately 37 % of that of the brute-force intersection algorithm and 77 % of the hierarchical bounding box algorithm. Furthermore, the running time is reduced to 18.6 % of that of the brute-force intersection algorithm and 47.6 % of the hierarchical bounding box algorithm. These results substantiate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed algorithm in enhancing intersection calculations in additive manufacturing processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"150 ","pages":"Pages 914-923"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deterministic figuring theory and optimization method based on actively controllable time-variant tool influence function","authors":"Bo Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Ci Song ,&nbsp;Jianglin Long ,&nbsp;Zhaoyang Jiang ,&nbsp;Feng Shi ,&nbsp;Guipeng Tie ,&nbsp;Wanli Zhang ,&nbsp;Xing Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.06.110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.06.110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The surface quality and accuracy of the workpiece after sub-aperture polishing are heavily dependent on the accuracy of the dwell time distribution and the size of the tool influence function (TIF). Therefore, there is a high requirement for the dynamic performance of the machine tool to achieve dwell time. This is an inherent problem of computer controlled optical surfacing (CCOS). The additional material removal layer introduced to avoid the negative value of the dwell time or the limitation of the dynamic performance of the machine tool will greatly reduce the processing efficiency and accuracy. In this study, an actively controllable time-varying tool influence function (CTV-TIF) processing method is proposed. The time constraint is liberated by actively controlling the spatial dimension of TIF. By establishing a global optimization algorithm for the dwell time distribution of the adaptive TIF, the deterministic machining process with high figuring ability and not constrained by the dynamic performance of the machine tool can be realized. Compared with the time-invariant tool influence function (TI-TIF) processing, the efficiency of the CTV-TIF method is increased by 65.9 %, and the residual surface shape error after processing is increased by 96.7 %, and the high gradient surface shape error distribution is better suppressed. This method can be perfectly combined with rotating water jet polishing to make the TIF time-varying. The experimental results show that the processing method of CTV-TIF can significantly improve the figuring efficiency of low frequency error, and has better figuring ability for the position where the gradient of surface shape error changes rapidly, so as to obtain higher precision surface shape. In addition, the proposed method can be applied to other sub-aperture polishing processes that are expected to achieve time-varying TIF and improve the existing sub-aperture polishing technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"150 ","pages":"Pages 861-875"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144549970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing metal powder injection molding: A cost-effective approach to tooling innovation","authors":"Chil-Chyuan Kuo ,&nbsp;Armaan Farooqui ,&nbsp;Cheng-Xuan Tasi ,&nbsp;Xin-Yu Pan ,&nbsp;Song-Hua Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metal injection molding is a cost-effective manufacturing process for producing intricate metal components with superior mechanical properties. A major challenge in metal injection molding production lies in developing an economical method for fabricating injection molds. This study introduces an innovative and cost-efficient approach utilizing a composite material composed of aluminum powder and epoxy resin to manufacture metal injection molding mold inserts. Experimental results indicate that the maximum feasible weight ratio of aluminum powder to epoxy resin is approximately 70 %, with an optimal composition of 60 to 40 aluminum powder to epoxy resin for fabricating durable mold inserts. The developed aluminum epoxy composite mold inserts demonstrated a service life of approximately 2100 metal injection molding cycles while achieving a material cost reduction of one-fourth that of conventional mold materials, excluding labor expenses. The major difficulty encountered in this study was optimizing the mixture ratio to balance flowability and mechanical strength, as excessive aluminum content resulted in poor formability. Despite this challenge, the strength of the study lies in its practical demonstration of mold durability, mechanical performance testing, and cost-effectiveness, confirming the composite material as a viable alternative for low-cost tooling in pilot-scale production. This novel tooling approach presents a viable strategy for significantly lowering production costs in metal injection molding applications, enhancing the accessibility and efficiency of the process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"150 ","pages":"Pages 900-913"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) of seal surfaces in critical component of semiconductor equipment by a custom polyurethane tool","authors":"Zhaozhi Guo,&nbsp;Jun Cheng,&nbsp;Hao Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoli Zhong,&nbsp;Jingyu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.06.101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.06.101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The existing technologies such as chemical mechanical grinding (CMG) and chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) are difficult to effectively adapt to the automatic polishing of the seal surfaces of mass flow controllers (MFC) valve. This paper developed a novel polyurethane tool based on the characteristics of these technologies. The tool diameter is 10 mm, and in a processing area with a length of 10 mm and a width of 2 mm, after 2 min of polishing, it can achieve a nanoscale surface. It has been applied to polish the seal surface of MFC, which is the critical component of semiconductor equipment. In addition, this paper focuses on the polishing performance of the tool, and modeling the polishing process theoretically based on factors such as tool hardness, porosity, and polishing method. Through parameter experiments, it was found that feeding velocity <em>V</em>_<em>w</em> is the main factor affecting polishing quality and force stability. As <em>V</em>_<em>w</em> increases, the surface roughness <em>S</em>_<em>a</em> first increases and then decreases, with a minimum value of 0.006 μm, while the average polishing force gradually decreases. And the surface quality is optimal when <em>V</em>_<em>w</em> = 50 mm/min and Δ<em>z</em> = 100 μm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"150 ","pages":"Pages 876-899"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144549971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}