Chen Deng , Qiang Wang , Hui Zeng , Xiaoliang Jin , Yongbo Wu
{"title":"Proposal of tilted helical grinding for grooving ZrO2 ceramics – Investigation of groove profile formation and machining performance","authors":"Chen Deng , Qiang Wang , Hui Zeng , Xiaoliang Jin , Yongbo Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.02.070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.02.070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zirconia dioxide (ZrO<sub>2</sub>) ceramic is widely employed in industry due to its exceptional mechanical and physical properties. There are lots of grooving demands for ceramic parts in aviation, 3C, and biomedical industries. However, conventional grinding (CG) always struggles to achieve high machining efficiency and low grinding wheel wear. Therefore, this study proposed a novel method, which is sourced from helical grinding (HG), in which the grinding wheel moves forward along a helical path while rotating at high speed. Meanwhile, it is also tilted toward the revolution axis at a certain angle, thus called tilted helical grinding (THG). As a step toward the establishment of this new process, in this study, the kinematical analysis of single abrasive grain motion was compared with that of HG and CG. Then, the formation of grooved profile considering a generalized grinding wheel shape was modelled, followed by investigating the effect of several crucial parameters. Then, experiments were performed to confirm the machining performance of THG and theoretical analysis. The experimental results indicate that, under the same material removal rate, THG and HG had lower average grinding force than that of CG. The surface roughness after THG was similar to that of HG and CG, but the surface morphology of THG showed more plastic removal. The grinding wheel after THG processing showed the smallest area of wheel loading and the lowest weight percent of Zr element adhesion. The predicted cross-section profiles from the model were validated from the experimental results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"141 ","pages":"Pages 536-555"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Defect analysis and quality evaluation system for additive manufactured continuous fiber-reinforced polymer composites","authors":"Yawen Zhang , Junxian Zhou , Ruixian Qin , Shanshan Shi , Yunzhuo Lu , Xu Zhang , Jianxin Xu , Bingzhi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.03.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.03.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The combination of continuous fiber-reinforced polymer composites (CFRPCs) and additive manufacturing (AM) offers a solution for the integrated manufacturing of high-performance, complex structures, but due to current process limitations, various defects exist within the parts. Most research has focused on internal pores defects and mechanical properties but lacks in-depth studies on the mechanisms of other defect forms and comprehensive quality evaluation systems. To address these gaps, this paper applied comprehensive parameter analysis, visualization techniques, rheological experiments, and mechanical experiments to systematically explore the effects of defects on the printing quality of AM-CFRPCs, focusing on shape fidelity, surface accuracy, structural integrity, and mechanical performance. Targeted improvement measures were proposed for various defects, effectively eliminating shape-related issues such as fiber slippage, fillet, first layer accumulation, and warpage, leading to a high-quality deposited surface with low roughness and waviness, as well as an internal structure with low porosity. Furthermore, a comprehensive molding quality evaluation system was established, offering a reliable framework for part quality assessment. Additionally, the variation patterns of the key-like profile cross-sections of the single path under different layer heights were summarized, and precise calculation models for path width and overlap ratio were presented. Consequently, this paper delivers detailed guidelines for enhancing molding quality to facilitate the production and evaluation of high-quality AM-CFRPCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"141 ","pages":"Pages 595-612"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study on ultrasonic transverse vibration assisted micro electrochemical machining of high aspect-ratio groove with controllable cross section","authors":"Jianzhou Cai, Jing Li, Guixian Liu, Hongping Luo, Yongjun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.03.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.03.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Micro-electrochemical machining (ECM) is an ideal machining method for micro-structure parts, but there is a problem that the electrolytic products cannot be discharged in time when machining micro-groove structures with high aspect ratio. In this paper, a novel ultrasonic transverse vibration assisted micro- electrochemical machining method (UTVA-ECM) is proposed, which combines Bernoulli-Euler beam theory and ultrasonic vibration technology. The transverse vibration of the micro-rode electrode can disperse electrolytic products effectively. However, under ultrasonic transverse vibration, the distribution of bubble layer on the micro-rode electrode is uneven, which affects the cross section of grooves in UTVA-ECM. In order to explore the influence of bubble layer distribution in UTVA-ECM. Firstly, in order to explore the influence of bubble layer distribution in UTVA-ECM, the theoretical model of transverse vibration of the micro-rode electrode was established. Through simulation and observation experiments, it is found that an uneven bubble layer affected by amplitude is formed on the electrode surface. The bubbles are dispersed in the wave loop area with strong amplitude, and the bubbles are difficult to disperse in the wave node area with weak amplitude. The uneven bubble layer leads to different conductivity at different positions in the axial direction of the electrode, and finally irregular cross section grooves are processed. Secondly, the influence of different processing parameters on groove machining by UTVA-ECM was studied. With the increase of ultrasonic voltage, the decrease of pulsed voltage and the increase of feed rate, the difference of groove width between wave node and wave loop area is greater. Finally, the machining of regular cross section grooves with an aspect ratio of 8.03 and the irregular cross section grooves with aspect ratio of 9.70 were realized by UTVA-ECM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"141 ","pages":"Pages 613-626"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of monodisperse nanoparticle size on flow fluency of inkjet printing","authors":"Jing Su (苏婧), Yu Guan (关玉), Shaohai Fu (付少海)","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.03.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.03.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the influence of nanofluid emulsion particle size on flow smoothness, 5 % (w/w) latex particle dispersions and 1 % (w/w) inks were prepared from monodisperse polystyrene (PSt) and poly(sodium styrene sulfonate-<em>co</em>-styrene) (P(SS-co-<em>St</em>)) latex particles. The filtration rate of the dispersions was tested by vacuum filtration, and the coefficient of friction (COF) was measured for mathematical model analysis of the force conditions on latex particles in the dispersions. The inkjet process of the ink was observed, followed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations to determine the interaction forces between the components of the ink. The results showed that when the filter pore size was 1 μm, the one-time maximum circulation of the dispersion decreased with increasing particle size. When the filter pore sizes were 5 and 10 μm, the PSt system exhibited a phenomenon where the one-time maximum circulation first decreased and then slightly increased with increasing particle size, while P(SS-co-<em>St</em>) maintained its original trend. Furthermore, with increasing particle size dispersity, the one-time maximum circulation of the dispersion under 5 and 10 μm filters showed a significant increase. Under the same dynamic viscosity and surface tension, monodisperse PSt ink could not be jetted beyond a size of 82 nm, but the two inks with greater dispersity after compounding could still be ejected. The inkjet threshold for monodisperse P(SS-co-<em>St</em>) ink exceeded 201 nm, while the compounded latex particle inks could be successfully ejected. DFT calculations show that the charge on the surface of P(SS-co-<em>St</em>) latex particles can maintain particle stability during flows, while the surfactant on the PSt surface is easily desorbed, thus impeding the flow. This study provides a new method for studying the flow resistance of nanofluids in microporous channels and further improves the theoretical basis of nanofluids in inkjet printing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"141 ","pages":"Pages 507-516"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of single and multiple tool pass strategies of cryogenic assisted micro-milling for microchannel fabrication on soft polymers","authors":"Partha Sarathi Mallick, Karali Patra","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.03.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.03.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soft polymers are difficult to cut material and are characterized by significant tearing and waviness during machining at room temperature due to their low stiffness values. While cryogenic assisted machining has been recently attempted to improve the machinability of such difficult to cut materials but there is no comprehensive understanding of the temperature effect on material removal mechanism of soft polymers yet. Due to the complexity in prediction of the point of phase transition along the thickness during cryogenic cooling, determining the choice of appropriate cutting technique of soft polymer is still challenging. In this work, a paradigm is presented to show how machining of the soft polymer at higher channel depth could be materialize from multiple passes over single pass of larger cutting depth. But, there is an open question on how the temperature-dependent stiffness of the viscoelastic polymer would affect the cutting mechanism when considering the multi pass cutting strategy under cryogenic assisted cooling to improve the machinability up to a larger axial depth. To elucidate these aspects, here, by means of cutting different soft polymer samples, mainly two peculiarities of the cutting mechanism of these structures are reported. The first one is that the chip formation includes, up to now unobserved, extrusion of glassy phase of polymer at multi pass condition. Secondly, the formation of burrs and the deburring process, adjusted by increasing the number of tool passes, will impact the smooth initiation of the polymer surface beneath the machine. Thus, this work is unique in its approach of multiple tool pass strategy to maintain required stiffness at cryogenic conditions for cutting of micro channels with improved features.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"141 ","pages":"Pages 461-480"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of ultrafast laser ablation of fused silica filled epoxy molding compound (EMC) using an improved two temperature model: The effect of the processing parameters and the particle size","authors":"Sijie Zhang, Yung C. Shin","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.02.081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.02.081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrafast laser-based dicing of fused silica-filled Epoxy Molding Compound (EMC) is a more efficient, effective, and flexible alternative to the conventional blade saw dicing method. However, the experimental study on the ultrafast laser ablation of fused silica-filled EMC is limited and presented limitations. In this study, an improved 3D Two Temperature Model (improved 3D-TTM) is developed for the ultrafast laser ablation of fused silica-filled EMC to study the ablation behavior. A level-set equation is added to the improved 3D-TTM to capture the ablation front. In the meantime, the method of modeling the fused silica particle embedded in the EMC in the improved 3D-TTM is also described. The improved 3D-TTM showed good agreement with the experimental results and was further used to explore the effect of processing parameters on ablation efficiency and material removal rate. Three ablation ranges at different laser powers were identified. The differences in ablation mechanisms behind those ranges are discussed. It was found that direct ejection can significantly improve the material removal rate. The effect of the filler size on the ablation efficiency is also discussed. It was found that larger filler size EMC will have a smaller ablation efficiency under the same processing conditions. The power thresholds for initiating the direct ejection material removal for different filler sizes were determined by the improved 3D-TTM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"141 ","pages":"Pages 481-493"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characteristic classification and extraction of robotic multi-layer multi-pass MAG welding pool—An extended UNet network implementation based on transfer learning","authors":"Hao Zhou , Huabin Chen , Yinshui He , Shanben Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2024.12.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2024.12.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The real-time and accurate acquisition of weld pool visual features during robotic multi-layer and multi-pass welding (MLMPW) of medium-thick plates is essential for controlling weld quality. To address the challenge of extracting pool information in complex welding environments, this study proposes a novel method for acquiring pool contours using the ResNet101-UNet architecture, with ResNet101 serving as the backbone. First, a custom dataset of MLMPW pool images (comprising seven different pool types) and their corresponding edge labels was used to train the network. Second, a comprehensive evaluation of different semantic segmentation models was performed, taking into account the inclusion of pre-trained modules from the ImageNet dataset. Experimental results demonstrated that the improved segmentation method can efficiently and effectively extract pool contours from 2D images captured by welding visual sensors. The designed ResNet101-UNet network architecture achieved an effective Mean Intersection over Union (MIoU) of 96.14 % and a Dice coefficient of 98.06 % on the self-constructed pool dataset. By defining the characteristic parameters of MLMPW molten pools and conducting statistical analyses on these parameters, seven classification standards for molten pools were established, including triangular (Type 1), trapezoidal (Types 2, 3, and 4), and parallelogram-shaped (Types 5, 6, and 7) weld formations. The MLMPW pool feature classification and extraction method presented in this paper can acquire richer pool visual features, thereby providing a data foundation for developing automated and intelligent models in the welding process of medium-thick plates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"141 ","pages":"Pages 517-535"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of corrosion resistance and micro-machinability properties of α + β and β phase novel Ti-30Zr-5Mo biomedical alloys","authors":"Burak Dikici , Kubilay Aslantas , Xiaoli Zhao , Mitsuo Niinomi","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.02.074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.02.074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of biomedical alloys are crucial to preventing adverse tissue reactions and maintaining implant integrity. Additionally, machinability is essential for producing implants with complex shapes and high surface quality. This study investigates the biocompatibility and micro-machinability of Ti-30Zr-5Mo alloys with different phase compositions: forged (mostly α), solution-treated at 600 °C (α + β), and 700 °C (only β). Biocompatibility was evaluated through electrochemical corrosion tests under <em>in-vitro</em> conditions, while machinability was assessed <em>via</em> micro-milling tests. The corrosion rate of the β-phase alloy was approximately 3.5 times lower than the forged (9.08 nm/year) and 600 °C-treated alloys (9.85 nm/year), attributed to its stable and uniform structure. The forged sample exhibited the lowest corrosion resistance due to its heterogeneous α + β structure, with microgalvanic corrosion observed. Additionally, the forged alloy, with a high α phase content, showed higher cutting forces (21.5 N) and burr widths (230 μm). As the solution treatment temperature increased, the α phase decreased, leading to lower cutting forces and burr widths. The β-phase alloy (700 °C) showed about a 60 % reduction in cutting forces (8.5 N) and an 8-fold decrease in burr widths (28 μm) in up-milling compared to forged sample, indicating superior machinability under micro conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"141 ","pages":"Pages 445-460"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shengli Liu , Taotao Li , Ruifeng Li , Kai Qi , Xiaolin Bi , Huawei Sun , Gang Song
{"title":"Evolution mechanism of microstructure and properties for 2205 duplex stainless steel joints under “oscillation + pulse” laser-induced arc hybrid welding","authors":"Shengli Liu , Taotao Li , Ruifeng Li , Kai Qi , Xiaolin Bi , Huawei Sun , Gang Song","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.02.067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.02.067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The key to high efficiency welding and corrosion resistance of 2205 duplex stainless steel lies in balancing both properties during the welding process. Laser-induced arc hybrid welding effectively balances the relationship between microstructure and corrosion while pursuing welding efficiency. This study proposes a “oscillation + pulse” double hybrid effect laser to induce an arc and investigates its impact on the microstructure and properties of 2205 duplex stainless steel joints. The results indicate that “oscillation + pulse” laser-induced arc hybrid welding, with circular scanning, induces a more vigorous stirring effect on the molten pool, promoting the conversion from columnar to equiaxial crystal structures. This process also reduces the formation of hard brittle Widmanstätten austenite. In addition, fine and fragmented intragranular austenite precipitates within the ferrite grain boundaries, resulting in a significant increase in elongation, from 15.04 % to 26.91 %. Electron backscatter diffraction analysis reveals that, compared to TIG welding, the average grain size of the austenite decreases from 31.2 μm to 12.9 μm, while the ferrite grain size decreases from 224.5 μm to 110.6 μm. This grain refinement improves corrosion resistance, reducing the corrosion rate by 76.6 % compared to TIG welding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"141 ","pages":"Pages 494-506"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research status and tendency on cold expansion anti-fatigue manufacturing technology for aircraft structural fastening holes","authors":"Nian Wan , Biao Zhao , Wenfeng Ding , Qiang He","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.02.068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.02.068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cold expansion technology is extensively exploited in the strengthening of fastening holes in aircraft structures due to its exceptional efficiency and stability. The fatigue performance of perforated parts can be effectively improved without compromising the structural integrity, thus satisfying the durability design requirements of the modern aviation manufacturing industry. In recent years, the cold expansion strengthening technology has gradually matured. This present article provides a comprehensive review of the cold expansion strengthening mechanism, commonly employed methods for reinforcement, and fatigue gain control applied to fastening holes in aircraft structures. The basic principles of the cold expansion anti-fatigue manufacturing process are introduced, while also elaborating on the optimization of typical expansion process methods and their anti-fatigue effects, as well as discussing the factors contributing to any observed differences. Subsequently, the research progress and academic achievements are concluded, in terms of methodological enhancements, distributions of residual stress fields, investigations into microscopic deformation behavior and improvements in fatigue performance gain. In addition, the critical factors influencing the anti-fatigue performance are comprehensively discussed. Finally, the future development trend of cold expansion strengthening technology for fastener holes is highlighted, taking into account the existing limitations and challenges in current research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"141 ","pages":"Pages 319-335"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}