Yue Zhang , Zhaokun Zhang , Chengyong Wang , Ruitao Su , Albert J. Shih
{"title":"The flat bottom drill for bone drilling without plunging","authors":"Yue Zhang , Zhaokun Zhang , Chengyong Wang , Ruitao Su , Albert J. Shih","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.04.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.04.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drilling holes on the skull or spine bones using a twist drill with a pointed tip is a common procedure in neurosurgery to gain access to the brain or spine. The point tip of the twist drill penetrates beyond the bone before neurosurgeons can rely on their haptic senses to detect the drop in thrust force and retract the drill. The tip of an over-penetrated twist drill may damage the brain or spinal nerve underneath the bone. The bone drilling devices with automatic retraction have the same issue of sharp twist drill over-penetration due to the small force drop at the point of penetration. This research designs a flat bottom drill capable of creating a flat bottom hole in bone drilling to overcome the over-penetration issue. This flat bottom drill has a sudden thrust force drop as a signal to stop and retract the drill without penetrating the bone. The flat bottom drill may also use the color change on the bottom surface of the drilled hole for visual feedback for retraction. The design and geometric features of the flat bottom drill are first introduced. A mathematical model is developed to calculate the rake and inclination angles on cutting edges. Four flat bottom drills are designed, manufactured, and evaluated in drilling the ex-vivo bovine bone. Results of the drilling thrust force and torque as well as the chip formation are compared with those of the twist drill. The flat bottom drill has demonstrated to be much more sensitive than the twist drill in penetration detection by sensing the sudden drop in thrust force at the end of bone drilling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 326-338"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenzheng Dong , Aoyu Zhao , Zhenzhu Wang , Shunyuan Le , Qiquan Lin
{"title":"A novel plate forging process for manufacturing outer flanged cup parts with non-uniform thickness","authors":"Wenzheng Dong , Aoyu Zhao , Zhenzhu Wang , Shunyuan Le , Qiquan Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.04.046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.04.046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plate forging process makes it possible to produce complex parts with non-uniform thickness while reducing manufacturing costs and extending mold life, without compromising mechanical properties or functional performance of components. Aiming at address the issues of folding and buckling commonly encountered in traditional manufacturing methods, this work proposed a novel plate forging process for manufacturing outer flanged cup parts with non-uniform thickness. Firstly, the deformation characteristics of the new plate forging process in the production of flange cup parts were analyzed. Secondly, the influence of different punch boss heights, cup wall thicknesses and initial plate thicknesses on the forming quality of flanged cup parts was explored through finite element simulations and plate forging experiments. As a result, a cup part with an outer flange was successfully manufactured, thereby verifying the feasibility of the new process. Finally, to address the local thinning and fracture defects encountered during the stretching of thick plates to form cup bottoms, an enhanced method using a multi-step punch was proposed. The improvement mechanism was analyzed, and both experimental and simulation results demonstrated its significant effectiveness in improving local thinning defects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"145 ","pages":"Pages 22-33"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Israt Zarin Era , Fan Zhou , Ahmed Shoyeb Raihan , Imtiaz Ahmed , Alan Abul-Haj , James Craig , Srinjoy Das , Zhichao Liu
{"title":"In-situ melt pool characterization via thermal imaging for defect detection in Directed Energy Deposition using Vision Transformers","authors":"Israt Zarin Era , Fan Zhou , Ahmed Shoyeb Raihan , Imtiaz Ahmed , Alan Abul-Haj , James Craig , Srinjoy Das , Zhichao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.03.123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.03.123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Directed Energy Deposition (DED) has significant potential for rapidly manufacturing complex and multi-material parts. However, it is prone to internal defects, such as lack of fusion porosity and cracks, that may compromise the mechanical and microstructural properties, thereby, impacting the overall performance and reliability of manufactured components. This study focuses on in-situ monitoring and characterization of melt pools closely associated with internal defects like porosity, aiming to enhance defect detection and quality control in DED-printed parts. Traditional machine learning (ML) approaches for defect identification require extensive labeled datasets. However, in real-life manufacturing settings, labeling such large datasets accurately is often challenging and expensive, leading to a scarcity of labeled datasets. To overcome this challenge, our framework utilizes self-supervised learning using large amounts of unlabeled melt pool data on a state-of-the-art Vision Transformer-based Masked Autoencoder (MAE), yielding highly representative embeddings. The fine-tuned model is subsequently leveraged through transfer learning to train classifiers on a limited labeled dataset, effectively identifying melt pool anomalies associated with porosity. In this study, we employ two different classifiers to comprehensively compare and evaluate the effectiveness of our combined framework with the self-supervised model in melt pool characterization. The first classifier model is a Vision Transformer (ViT) classifier using the fine-tuned MAE Encoder’s parameters, while the second model utilizes the fine-tuned MAE Encoder to leverage its learned spatial features, combined with an MLP classifier head to perform the classification task. Our approach achieves overall accuracy ranging from 95.44% to 99.17% and an average F1 score exceeding 80%, with the ViT Classifier outperforming the MAE Encoder Classifier only by a small margin. This demonstrates the potential of our framework as a scalable and cost-effective solution for automated quality control in DED, effectively utilizing minimal labeled data to achieve accurate defect detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"145 ","pages":"Pages 11-21"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chao Zhou , Lixing Liu , Yurong He, Miaoqin Chen, Xudong Gao, Feng Jiang, Yanzhao Li
{"title":"Low insertion loss RF MEMS switches fabricated on glass substrates of G2.5 size using TFT display compatible process","authors":"Chao Zhou , Lixing Liu , Yurong He, Miaoqin Chen, Xudong Gao, Feng Jiang, Yanzhao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work demonstrated the first fabrication of resistive RF MEMS switches on G2.5 glass substrates via thin-film transistor (TFT) display compatible processes. By replacing gold with a copper cantilever architecture, we achieved low insertion loss (<span><math><mo><</mo></math></span>0.55 dB from DC to 6 GHz) while resolving the inherent trade-off between actuation voltage and switching speed. The optimized design attained a response time of <span><math><mrow><mn>17</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow></math></span> at 22 V driving voltage, with isolation exceeding 28 dB. The display process-compatible planarization and sacrificial layer techniques eliminated conventional Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) processing while maintaining insertion loss below 0.55 dB. The successful convergence of copper-based MEMS functionality with display industry infrastructure established a transformative platform for cost-sensitive 5G applications, where traditional silicon-based approaches faced limitations in scalability and integration density.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"145 ","pages":"Pages 1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhenyu Yang , Jiangqi Zhu , Yajun Liu , Chao Pan , Dan Wu , Zhaoyang Deng , Di Wang , Rongpei Shi , Gang Wang , Zhaoguo Qiu , Min Liu , Xingchen Yan
{"title":"Unveiling the molten pool evolution and defects under different processing parameters in pure tantalum fabricated via laser powder bed fusion","authors":"Zhenyu Yang , Jiangqi Zhu , Yajun Liu , Chao Pan , Dan Wu , Zhaoyang Deng , Di Wang , Rongpei Shi , Gang Wang , Zhaoguo Qiu , Min Liu , Xingchen Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.04.041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.04.041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tantalum (Ta) is an important biomedical material for the preparation of implants due to its excellent mechanical and biological properties. However, the presence of defects has a significant impact on the implantation effect. The stability and flow state of the molten pool, which is controlled by processing parameters, are of great significance for the formation of defect-free components fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). To date, the relationship among processing parameters, molten pool evolution, and defects has not been established yet. In this paper, single-track and bulk samples of pure Ta were fabricated using LPBF technology, and a powder-resolved computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of pure Ta was established to study heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics in the molten pool. The effects of processing parameter variations on the types and quantities of defects were systematically analyzed, and the formation mechanisms of defects were revealed by combining simulation results of molten pool evolution under different parameters. The results show that increasing the laser energy density would promote higher temperature and faster velocity fields within the molten pool. Under the elevated temperature field, the spreading speed was faster than the solidification speed of the molten Ta, and the melt of powders was more sufficient, resulting in fewer keyholes after solidification. Under the rapid velocity field, the Marangoni convection was intense, which would lead to difficulty for bubbles to escape and an increase in gas pores. The coordination of temperature and velocity fields in the molten pool determined the types and quantities of defects in LPBF samples. Unmelted Ta powders acted as barriers to prevent the epitaxial growth of grains, depending on the melting state. This article presents a profound analysis of processing parameters, defects, molten pools, and microstructure changes, and is expected to provide scientific and theoretical support for the exploration of LPBF processing parameters and the causes of changes in the microstructure and properties of LPBF samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 311-325"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143848742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Novel process chain for forming micro gears with a module of 0.1 mm – Potentials and approaches for extending process limits","authors":"M. Leicht, M. Merklein","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.03.122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.03.122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Micro gears are considered essential components of micro drive systems, which offer great potential for medical technology, measurement technology and robotics due to their small dimensions and their precise and highly dynamic transmission of movements and forces. However, established manufacturing processes such as hobbing, lithography technology or micro powder injection moulding are too time-consuming and cost-intensive for mass production. Therefore, new technological approaches are required. A multi-stage process chain of micro bulk forming from sheet metal offers great potential for the mass production of high-performance micro gears. In the first stage, a pin is extruded from sheet metal. Afterwards, the pin is geared by lateral extrusion, which is subsequently separated from sheet by shear cutting. The objective of this research work is to gain a fundamental understanding of the potentials and limitations of a multi-stage process chain for the production of micro gears with a module of <em>m</em> = 0.1 mm. The obtained knowledge serves as foundation for the development and analysis of approaches to overcome existing process limitations in terms of material efficiency and tool stress. The experimental results reveal, that a local adjustment of the material properties in the forming zone as well as a tool-sided limitation of the material flow radially outwards are suitable for improving the material efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"143 ","pages":"Pages 411-418"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhiyi Wang , Guang Chen , Jiale Wang , Ling Jin , Zhuoyang Wu , Fuan Zhu
{"title":"Variable direction shear deformation induced strengthening mechanism of Ti-6Al-4V alloy treated by a novel ultrasonic milling-burnishing process","authors":"Zhiyi Wang , Guang Chen , Jiale Wang , Ling Jin , Zhuoyang Wu , Fuan Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.04.036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.04.036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel ultrasonic milling-burnishing process (UMBP) is proposed for surface strengthening of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. By controlling rotational and feed speeds, variable direction shear deformation was achieved on the strengthened surface. This work systematically investigated the effects of tool rotational speed and cooling lubrication conditions on strengthening forces, surface integrity, including surface roughness, microstructure evolution, and mechanical behaviors. Under minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) condition, surface roughness was reduced by 24.6 % compared to dry condition. Based on the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) test of the strengthened subsurface, an 8 μm thick grain refinement layer formed on the strengthened surface, containing 84.1 % of the grains with grain sizes <1.5 μm. It exhibited high geometrically necessary dislocation (GND) density (5 × 10<sup>15</sup>/m<sup>2</sup>–7 × 10<sup>15</sup>/m<sup>2</sup>), kernel average misorientation (KAM) angles (1°-3°), and grain orientation spread (GOS) values (6–9), confirming severe lattice distortion and plastic deformation. The microhardness increased by a maximum of 28.8 % (about 411.3 HV) within 120 μm depth from strengthened surface. Meanwhile, the nanoindentation hardness increased by a maximum of 36 % (to 6.9 GPa) at top surface. Based on the subsurface microstructure evolution and mechanical behaviors, a combined strengthened mechanism of grain boundary strengthening and dislocation strengthening was reported for UMBP treated Ti-6Al-4V alloy. UMBP provides an effective surface strengthening strategy for mechanical components with complex geometries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 294-310"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qimin Shi , Yangyang Hu , Haiyang Fan , Shoufeng Yang
{"title":"Fundamental role of vertical building sequence and its thermodynamic mechanisms during multi-material additive manufacturing of 18Ni300-CuSn10 structures with IN718 interlayer","authors":"Qimin Shi , Yangyang Hu , Haiyang Fan , Shoufeng Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.04.048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.04.048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multi-material laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) innovates design opportunities by integrating multiple materials into predetermined 3D shapes. However, for satisfying the diverse performance/functional layouts, understanding the fundamental role of material building sequences in interfacial bonding is still insufficient. This work prepared multi-material structures of immiscible CuSn10-18Ni300 with an interlayer IN718 vertically, using two reversed building sequences by LPBF, to compare their interfacial segregation and microstructure, resulting mechanical properties, and behind mechanisms. Sequence I printed CuSn10 onto 18Ni300 via IN718; Sequence II printed 18Ni300 onto CuSn10 via IN718. Both sequences produce three shapes of interfacial macrosegregation (shape of beaches, peninsulas, and islands), but following different thermodynamic mechanisms. The microstructure highlights the traces related to those macrosegregation shapes, verifying the mechanism, and interestingly, the cracks are even healed by upper CuSn10 under Sequences I, benefiting interfacial bonding. Besides, a transition of cellular-columnar grains from 18Ni300 to IN718 is observed under both sequences, while less visible molten pool boundaries are seen in CuSn10. Those IN718 columns are either 〈001〉 oriented along the building direction under Sequence I, or randomly oriented under Sequence II with reduced temperature gradients. Finally, microhardness evolution and tensile behaviours successfully evaluate the structural reliability under two building sequences. A favourable ductile fracture within the CuSn10 region is produced with strength of 395 ± 29 MPa and elongation of 16.6 ± 2.6 % under Sequence I, benefiting from the healed cracks and enhanced interfacial bonding. Conversely, Sequence II causes a brittle fracture within the interlayer with lower tensile properties, due to the remaining cracks and microstrain. Such high microstrain even impacts the detection of clear Kikuchi bands. These results could enrich theoretical bases for selecting building sequences and matched structural designs for manufacturing multi-materials by LPBF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 243-260"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
André H.G. Gabriel , Eduardo B. Fonseca , Diego B. Valim , Isabella C.P. Rodrigues , Laís P. Gabriel , Éder S.N. Lopes
{"title":"Tailoring PBF-LB of austenitic stainless steel for potential antifouling applications","authors":"André H.G. Gabriel , Eduardo B. Fonseca , Diego B. Valim , Isabella C.P. Rodrigues , Laís P. Gabriel , Éder S.N. Lopes","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.04.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.04.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fouling refers to the accumulation of unwanted particles, macromolecules, salts, or biological matter on surfaces. A common example is biofouling, where biofilms form through extracellular substances and microbial cell matrices. Beyond reducing the efficiency of machines and components, fouling can significantly shorten the lifespan of materials by accelerating corrosion. Additive manufacturing (AM) is a collection of novel processes for fabricating tridimensional parts layer by layer. Among AM technologies, powder bed fusion using a laser-based system (PBF-LB) is widely used for processing pure metals and alloys due to its ability to create highly complex geometries. This capability enables the production of components with enhanced efficiency, such as heat exchangers, food mixers, and ship propellers – structures often exposed to biofouling. This study explores the effects of different gas protective atmospheres (Ar and N₂) on the microstructure, thermal properties, surface characteristics, and densification of stainless steel bulk samples fabricated via PBF-LB over a large processing window. When identical processing parameters (layer thickness, laser power, scanning speed, hatch spacing, scan rotation, and scan pattern) were used, variations in energy density due to atmospheric differences influenced thermal properties, grain size distribution, crystallographic orientation, nitrogen content, and surface roughness of bulk parts. These changes suggest that antifouling properties could be enhanced by selecting appropriate processing atmosphere. Antifouling surfaces are critical in industries such as naval, pharmaceutical, and food industries where microbial accumulation can compromise performance and hygiene. The findings of this study present new opportunities for optimizing PBF-LB processing of AISI 316L stainless steel to develop surfaces with improved resistance to fouling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 278-293"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Irfan Hussain , Min Xia , Changchun Ge , Zhen Shen , Zhangwei Chen
{"title":"Synergistic strengthening mechanism of zirconia-reinforced alumina ceramics through additive manufacturing and sintering","authors":"M. Irfan Hussain , Min Xia , Changchun Ge , Zhen Shen , Zhangwei Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.04.045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.04.045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fabricating high-strength ceramics with high precision intricate shapes from photosensitive ceramic slurry is an exciting yet challenging due to limited control over sub-grain structures, performance and sustainable manufacturing. Herein, to address these issues, a high solid content 50 vol% zirconia-reinforced alumina (ZRA) ceramic suspension with printable built-in functionality is proposed, enabling customizable target recognition, and enhanced flexural strength performance. Using stereolithography 3D printing with an optimized low shear rate suspension, precise printing control over tuned physical properties, morphology engineered structures and significantly enhanced performance with different holding time were obtained. With the ZrO<sub>2</sub> reinforcement strategy, this study not only demonstrates high flexural strength and hardness but also minimization of shrinkage. After sintering at 1550 °C for 6 h, the density reached a maximum of 98.7 % with shrinkage 7.57 % along the XY direction and 16.33 % along Z direction. Remarkably, the sintered ZRA ceramic exhibited a flexural strength of 371.8 ± 5 MPa, Vickers hardness of 1198. 2 ± 1.6 HV, and compressive strength of 33.54 MPa. Microscopic and tomographic analysis revealed a two-phase microstructural nature that enhances toughness and promotes good distribution. Benchmark strength is enhanced because of the improved interfacial bonding and fine-grained structure, which is the most dominant contributor to the mechanical properties. The findings set a guideline for high strength property-structure relationship of DLP-3D printed alumina reinforced composites in the field of advanced ceramic industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16148,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 227-242"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}