Journal of Lightwave Technology最新文献

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Envelope-Free Optical Vernier Method: Enabling Simultaneous Optimization of Sensitivity and Detection Limit for Fiber Interferometric Sensors 无包络光游标法:可同时优化光纤干涉传感器的灵敏度和检测限
IF 5.2 1区 工程技术
Journal of Lightwave Technology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2026.3708767
Cong Shi;Haili Ma;Qingshun Pang;Qingqing Shi;Wen Tang;Juncan Zhang;Liqiang Zhang;Zhen Tian;Minghong Wang;Yicun Yao;Qiang Wu
{"title":"Envelope-Free Optical Vernier Method: Enabling Simultaneous Optimization of Sensitivity and Detection Limit for Fiber Interferometric Sensors","authors":"Cong Shi;Haili Ma;Qingshun Pang;Qingqing Shi;Wen Tang;Juncan Zhang;Liqiang Zhang;Zhen Tian;Minghong Wang;Yicun Yao;Qiang Wu","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2026.3708767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2026.3708767","url":null,"abstract":"The optical vernier method is a mainstream approach to enhance the sensitivity of optical fiber sensors, but existing methods inevitably degrade the detection limit due to envelope fitting, restricting practical detection capability. We previously proposed an envelope-free vernier method based on peak position recognition, which can greatly improve the sensitivity of various fiber interferometric sensors. Taking the fiber cascaded Fabry-Perot cavity sensor as the research object, this paper systematically evaluates the method's detection limit regulation performance. Experiments verify that it can effectively suppress the degradation of detection limit even at a sensitivity magnification of up to 900 times, achieving the simultaneous optimization of sensitivity and detection limit. With strong applicability and low cost, this method breaks the performance bottleneck of traditional optical vernier technologies, provides a unified solution for the high-performance upgrading of fiber interferometric sensors, and boasts broad prospects in high-precision sensing fields such as industrial monitoring and biomedical diagnostics.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"44 17","pages":"7755-7763"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High-Efficiency SiN Optical Switch Based on Hybrid Waveguide 基于混合波导的高效SiN光开关
IF 5.2 1区 工程技术
Journal of Lightwave Technology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-24 DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2026.3706991
Jiaojiao Shi;Yusen Huang;Linye He;Xiaoyan Zhang;Feng Gao;Perry Ping Shum
{"title":"High-Efficiency SiN Optical Switch Based on Hybrid Waveguide","authors":"Jiaojiao Shi;Yusen Huang;Linye He;Xiaoyan Zhang;Feng Gao;Perry Ping Shum","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2026.3706991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2026.3706991","url":null,"abstract":"Silicon nitride (SiN) is widely used in large-scale photonic integration due to its ultra-low loss and CMOS compatibility. However, its inherently low thermo-optic coefficient limits the efficiency of thermal phase modulation, constraining applications in optical switching, computing, and quantum photonics. Here, we present a hybrid SiN-Si waveguide optical switch that integrates a Si segment into the SiN platform to overcome fundamental limits. By leveraging Si's much higher thermo-optic coefficient, our device achieves a record-low π-phase shift power of 7.29 mW, over 20% lower than the best-performing suspended SiN designs while maintaining a compact footprint and low loss. Additionally, it also exhibits a response time more than twice faster than conventional suspended design, along with a high extinction ratio of 30 dB. Notably, this performance is achieved without fabrication complexity, remaining fully compatible with commercial foundry design rules. This hybrid approach overcomes fundamental material limitations and sets a new benchmark for energy-efficient optical switching.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"44 17","pages":"7637-7642"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148924094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modeling of Pre-Equalized and Clipped DCO-OFDM Systems in UV OWC Using Multi-LED Transmitters 使用多led发射机的UV OWC中预均衡和裁剪DCO-OFDM系统的建模
IF 5.2 1区 工程技术
Journal of Lightwave Technology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-06 DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2026.3710420
Yuxuan Liu;Yufeng Wang;Zecong Liu;Yansong Du;Ge Ding;Yang Hong;Jian Song;Xun Guan
{"title":"Modeling of Pre-Equalized and Clipped DCO-OFDM Systems in UV OWC Using Multi-LED Transmitters","authors":"Yuxuan Liu;Yufeng Wang;Zecong Liu;Yansong Du;Ge Ding;Yang Hong;Jian Song;Xun Guan","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2026.3710420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2026.3710420","url":null,"abstract":"Ultraviolet (UV) optical wireless communication (OWC) is promising for non-line-of-sight (NLOS) links for its robustness against interference. To overcome the limited output power and clipping distortion of the single UV LED, multi-LED transmitters are employed with DC-biased optical OFDM (DCO-OFDM) and linear pre-equalization (pre-EQ). Unlike analyses that assume Gaussianity based on subcarrier count and independent and identically distributed (i.i.d). conditions, this paper derives a transmitter side model that is independent of the Gaussian assumption and generally applicable to such systems. We first derive an analytical expression for the probability density function (PDF) of the pre-equalized DCO-OFDM signal via the characteristic function method, accurately capturing its non-Gaussian character. By incorporating a clipping model for UV LEDs, an analytical BER expression is subsequently derived. As an evaluation model, its calculated results are similar to Monte Carlo simulation with significantly higher efficiency. Based on the theoretical derivation, we propose a spatial diverse pre-equalization (SDP) strategy that distributes pre-EQ coefficients across multiple LEDs to mitigate clipping distortion. While SDP achieves only a modest peak to average power ratio (PAPR) reduction (∼0.5 dB), the substantial suppression of tail probability leads to a significant BER improvement (from 4 × 10<sup>−4</sup> to 2.4 × 10<sup>−4</sup>). Calculated results indicate that optimal BER performance with SDP can be achieved using 5 LEDs. Experimental results obtained using multiple UV LEDs are consistent with the theoretical calculations.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"44 17","pages":"7525-7534"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Signature-Guided Hybrid Sequence Estimation With Sparsely-Activated MLSE in Severely Bandwidth-Limited Coherent Links 严重带宽限制相干链路中稀疏激活MLSE的签名引导混合序列估计
IF 5.2 1区 工程技术
Journal of Lightwave Technology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-30 DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2026.3708476
Chenchen Wang;Zhipei Li;Junyuan Song;Jintian Kong;Xinyou Sun;Chengbo Li;Hexun Jiang;Yizhao Chen;Yongben Wang;Ze Dong;Ran Gao;Dong Guo;Huan Chang;Xiaolong Pan;Xiangjun Xin
{"title":"Signature-Guided Hybrid Sequence Estimation With Sparsely-Activated MLSE in Severely Bandwidth-Limited Coherent Links","authors":"Chenchen Wang;Zhipei Li;Junyuan Song;Jintian Kong;Xinyou Sun;Chengbo Li;Hexun Jiang;Yizhao Chen;Yongben Wang;Ze Dong;Ran Gao;Dong Guo;Huan Chang;Xiaolong Pan;Xiangjun Xin","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2026.3708476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2026.3708476","url":null,"abstract":"Scaling coherent optical interconnects towards 800G and beyond is primarily constrained by severe inter-symbol interference (ISI) induced by aggressive bandwidth limitations. While maximum likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE) offers strong sequence-level robustness against such impairments, its exponential complexity prohibits practical deployment in symbol-rate sampled (SRS) receivers. To break this performance-complexity trade-off, we propose a signature-guided hybrid sequence estimation (SG-HSE) scheme that transforms continuous sequence detection into a highly efficient, on-demand localized decoding process. The core contribution lies in a two-stage localization and arbitration engine: a multiplier-free sign-switched sliding-accumulation matched filtering (MF-SAMF) extracts unique error signatures to accurately bypass noise-induced pseudo-peaks, while a dual-hypothesis decision logic (DH-DL) dynamically evaluates decision reliability. This ensures that the computationally intensive MLSE is triggered with high selectivity at actual error propagation hotspots, substantially suppressing unnecessary MLSE activations. Additionally, an intra-window metric sharing technique is devised to recycle branch calculations, further reducing the processing burden during active MLSE phases. We experimentally validate SG-HSE on an 80/90/100-GBaud symbol-rate sampling coherent transmission platform. The results reveal that the proposed architecture approaches the BER performance of full-state MLSE under the tested experimental conditions, yet requires an exceptionally sparse MLSE activation rate of merely 7% to 11%. Coupled with a branch metric sharing efficiency of ∼79%, SG-HSE significantly reduces the overall computational overhead. This breakthrough demonstrates a viable path toward ultra-low-power, high-performance digital signal processing for power-constrained data centers.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"44 17","pages":"7508-7524"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Label-Free Silanization-Functionalized Optical Fiber Biosensor for Ultrasensitive Detection of Cancer Biomarker CD44 无标记硅化功能化光纤生物传感器用于超灵敏检测癌症生物标志物CD44
IF 5.2 1区 工程技术
Journal of Lightwave Technology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-30 DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2026.3708683
Yuhao Mei;Wangyang Xu;Hao Li;Geng Chen;Liangye Li;Zhuolin Chen;Tongkun Yang;Ming Tang;Zhijun Yan;Qizhen Sun
{"title":"Label-Free Silanization-Functionalized Optical Fiber Biosensor for Ultrasensitive Detection of Cancer Biomarker CD44","authors":"Yuhao Mei;Wangyang Xu;Hao Li;Geng Chen;Liangye Li;Zhuolin Chen;Tongkun Yang;Ming Tang;Zhijun Yan;Qizhen Sun","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2026.3708683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2026.3708683","url":null,"abstract":"CD44, a well-established cancer biomarker, plays a critical role in tumor invasion and metastasis across multiple cancer types. However, the clinical utility of current CD44 detection platforms is hampered by the requirement for labeling and limited sensitivity, rendering trace-level detection complex and challenging, and thus necessitating the development of novel, label-free, and highly sensitive CD44 sensors. Herein, we propose a silanization-modified label-free fiber biosensor with enhanced sensitivity by tuning the dispersion turning point and high-selectivity CD44 recognition via targeted antibody immobilization. A differential tapering technique is adopted to fabricate the micro/nano-fibers with low propagation loss and high spectral contrast, which effectively addresses the drawbacks of traditional fabrication methods such as severe airflow interference and fragile microstructure. Furthermore, a robust covalent immobilization interface for antibodies is constructed via silanization treatment, endowing the sensor with reliable specific binding capability toward CD44. Ultimately, the optimized sensor operates within a dynamic range of 100 fM–6.05 nM, where it exhibits a linear wavelength shift of 3.6443 nm per decade increase in CD44 concentration and achieves a remarkably low detection limit of 0.19 pM. This represents a 1000-fold enhancement in sensitivity compared to existing CD44 detection methods. This highly sensitive and robust CD44 sensor holds significant potential for applications in diagnosis, staging, and prognosis of multiple cancer types.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"44 17","pages":"7790-7798"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fiber-FSO-5G NR MMW Integrated Systems Using a Large-Aperture Triplet-Lens Receiver and Fast Steering Mirrors 光纤- fso - 5g NR毫米波集成系统,采用大口径三镜头接收器和快速转向镜
IF 5.2 1区 工程技术
Journal of Lightwave Technology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-02 DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2026.3709723
Ming-Chung Cheng;Hai-Han Lu;Wei-Zhi Jiang;Wei-Ting Huang;Yen-Chen Chen;Yen-Jen Chen;Chun-Cheng Liang
{"title":"Fiber-FSO-5G NR MMW Integrated Systems Using a Large-Aperture Triplet-Lens Receiver and Fast Steering Mirrors","authors":"Ming-Chung Cheng;Hai-Han Lu;Wei-Zhi Jiang;Wei-Ting Huang;Yen-Chen Chen;Yen-Jen Chen;Chun-Cheng Liang","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2026.3709723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2026.3709723","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid growth of data-intensive applications requires communication systems capable of supporting high access rates with broad coverage and flexible deployment. In this study, a fiber-free-space optical (FSO)-5G new radio (NR) millimeter-wave (MMW) integrated system using a 10-cm large-aperture triplet-lens rAeceiver and fast steering mirrors (FSMs) is practically realized. The proposed integrated system operates over a heterogeneous medium consisting of 25-km single-mode fiber, 1.4-km FSO link, beam-steering distances of 70–100 m corresponding to deflection angles up to 60°, and a 10-m RF wireless link. Two MMW carriers at 24 and 48 GHz, each conveying a 10-Gb/s 16-quadrature amplitude modulation-orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing signal, are simultaneously transmitted, achieving an aggregate data rate of 20 Gb/s per laser beam. Results show that, even under strong atmospheric turbulence, the bit error rate remains at or below the 3.8 × 10<sup>−3</sup> forward error correction limit for deflection angles ≤ 60°. The large-aperture triplet-lens receiver effectively mitigates turbulence-induced impairments through aperture averaging, while the FSM maintains a high deflection efficiency of 75% at 60° large deflection angle. Results validate the feasibility and robustness of fiber-FSO-5G NR MMW integrated systems in supporting high-capacity and flexible-access communications.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"44 17","pages":"7564-7571"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High-Performance, Ultra-Broadband 100 GHz Spacing Quantum-Well Mode Locked Frequency Comb 高性能,超宽带100ghz间隔量子阱模式锁定频率梳
IF 5.2 1区 工程技术
Journal of Lightwave Technology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2026.3707842
Bisheng Qin;Tianyu Sun;Chao Ma;Yujun Guo;Ben Zhang;Zhuoer Huang;Zheng Xing;Zhongming Zeng;Ruiying Zhang;Baoshun Zhang
{"title":"High-Performance, Ultra-Broadband 100 GHz Spacing Quantum-Well Mode Locked Frequency Comb","authors":"Bisheng Qin;Tianyu Sun;Chao Ma;Yujun Guo;Ben Zhang;Zhuoer Huang;Zheng Xing;Zhongming Zeng;Ruiying Zhang;Baoshun Zhang","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2026.3707842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2026.3707842","url":null,"abstract":"To meet the growing demand for high-capacity dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) systems, we demonstrate a high-performance flat-top optical frequency comb with 100 GHz spacing spanning the C+L bands, generated from a two-section InGaAlAs/InP MQW passively mode-locked semiconductor laser. By incorporating strain-engineered MQW structures and an n-side asymmetrical cladding into the epitaxial design, the device achieves a maximum −3 dB bandwidth of 13.4 nm and a maximum output power of 35 mW within mode-locked operation. Under optimal mode-locking conditions, the total output power exceeds 30 mW, with 15 comb lines within a −2 dB flatness window. Each comb line delivers more than 1 mW, with an optical signal-to-noise ratio exceeding 48 dB. To the best of our knowledge, the achieved output power, spectral bandwidth, and per-line power represent among the highest reported values for passively mode-locked lasers in the C+L bands, approaching the performance of O-band quantum-dot counterparts.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"44 17","pages":"7629-7636"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enhancing the Performance of MPLC-Based LP Mode Sorters Through Transformed Mode Basis 通过变换模式基提高基于hplc的LP模式分选器的性能
IF 5.2 1区 工程技术
Journal of Lightwave Technology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-02 DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2026.3709787
Ziling Shen;Yi Sun;Liu Liu;He Wen;Jie Zhang
{"title":"Enhancing the Performance of MPLC-Based LP Mode Sorters Through Transformed Mode Basis","authors":"Ziling Shen;Yi Sun;Liu Liu;He Wen;Jie Zhang","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2026.3709787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2026.3709787","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-plane light conversion (MPLC) is a promising technology for linearly polarized (LP) mode multiplexing/sorting, yet it faces a critical performance-versus-compactness trade-off. Achieving low crosstalk and broad bandwidth typically demands numerous phase plates, leading to bulky, lossy devices. Here, we reconcile these competing demands through a dual-innovation strategy. First, we introduce a mode-basis transformation to convert LP modes to LG-alike modes characterized with well-defined helical phases, which is well-fitted to the 2-dimensional square lattice arrangement of input array after transformations, resulting in drastically improved conversion efficiency and scalability. Second, a lightweight optimization strategy is employed to simultaneously suppress the maximum modal crosstalk from −16 dB to −22 dB and extend the device bandwidth by >30 nm. Using this dual-innovation approach, we design and demonstrate a compact, 10-mode sorter using 7 plates, exhibiting an insertion loss (IL) of −4.5 dB, a mode-dependent loss (MDL) of −6.4 dB, both across over 80 nm with 1-dB roll-off, and average mode crosstalk better than −21.6 dB. The results indicate a significant improvement compared to direct sorting of LP modes. Mode basis transformation provides a practical blueprint for high-performance, compact LP mode sorters in advanced optical systems.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"44 17","pages":"7659-7667"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Polarization-Independent Optical-Carrier Distribution Using External Laser Sources for All-Optical Data-Center Interconnects 利用外部激光源实现全光数据中心互连的偏振无关光载波分布
IF 5.2 1区 工程技术
Journal of Lightwave Technology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2026.3712044
Ritsuki Hamagami;Masamichi Fujiwara;Shin Kaneko;Jun-ichi Kani;Tatsuya Shimada
{"title":"Polarization-Independent Optical-Carrier Distribution Using External Laser Sources for All-Optical Data-Center Interconnects","authors":"Ritsuki Hamagami;Masamichi Fujiwara;Shin Kaneko;Jun-ichi Kani;Tatsuya Shimada","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2026.3712044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2026.3712044","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a polarization-independent optical-carrier distribution scheme for all optical data-center interconnects (DCIs), where dual sub carriers generated by an external laser source (ELS) are distributed to coherent transceivers. One sub carrier is used for electro-absorption (EA) modulator based data transmission, and the other is used as the local oscillator (LO) for the dual polarization diversity heterodyne receiver (DPDH-RX), enabling not only polarization-independent coherent detection with respect to arbitrary state of polarization (SOP) of both the signal and LO, but also polarization-independent modulation at the transmitter. Theoretical analysis confirms that the proposed scheme achieves polarization-independent coherent reception, and numerical simulations demonstrate that the effective number of bits (ENOB) of the analog-digital converter (ADC) has a negligible impact on required optical signal-to-noise ratio (ROSNR) performance under varying input SOPs of pulse amplitude modulation (PAM)-4 signals. To assess feasibility for inter-DCI applications, 44.8-Gb/s PAM-4 transmission experiments are conducted assuming a three-node bidirectional reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer (ROADM)-based ring network with 20-km spans. We compare a conventional multi-input single-output (MISO)-based polarization-processing algorithm with a simple polarization-combination algorithm that has the potential to reduce digital signal processing (DSP) complexity. For 80 km inter-DCI transmission, the MISO-based approach yields an ROSNR variation of 1.4 dB, while the simple algorithm limits the variation to just 1.6 dB, demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed scheme in the target data-center network.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"44 17","pages":"7572-7584"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Terahertz Electric-Controlled Complementary Modulator Based on Quasi-Bound State in the Continuum Metasurface 基于连续介质超表面准束缚态的太赫兹电控互补调制器
IF 5.2 1区 工程技术
Journal of Lightwave Technology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2026.3711663
Tao Zhang;Yingjie Wang;Chenwei Zhang;Weichao Ma;Miao Ma;Binbin Hong;Wangzhe Li;Mingjun Xia
{"title":"Terahertz Electric-Controlled Complementary Modulator Based on Quasi-Bound State in the Continuum Metasurface","authors":"Tao Zhang;Yingjie Wang;Chenwei Zhang;Weichao Ma;Miao Ma;Binbin Hong;Wangzhe Li;Mingjun Xia","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2026.3711663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2026.3711663","url":null,"abstract":"Multifunctional terahertz (THz) modulation devices have garnered significant attention in recent years. In this work, we report a THz metasurface modulator capable of achieving complementary modulation at two distinct frequencies. The device is based on split-ring resonator (SRR) metasurface units designed with high symmetry. By introducing controlled structural perturbations, symmetry-protected bound states in the continuum (BICs) are transformed into quasi-BICs, resulting in asymmetric Fano lineshapes in the spectral response. Numerical simulations clearly demonstrate the presence of BICs within the proposed structure and illustrate their transition to quasi-BICs as geometric parameters vary. Modulation is achieved via a Schottky barrier, where an applied voltage switches the current across capacitive gaps to effectively control non-radiative loss. Experimentally, modulation depths of −98% and 21% were obtained at 447 GHz and 451 GHz, respectively, demonstrating the viability of complementary modulation in the THz regime. Fabricated solely from metal and silicon, the device offers superior simplicity, robustness, and reproducibility compared to liquid-crystal-based designs. This work experimentally demonstrates complementary transmission modulation within a single monolithically integrated metasurface device and, to the best of our knowledge, represents the first silicon-integrated complementary modulator operating in the THz band. The device also shows the potential for modulation at frequencies of several hundred megahertz, with prospective applications in THz imaging, communications, and sensing.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"44 17","pages":"7643-7650"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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