Journal of Investigative Medicine最新文献_第3页

Response to: Faculty should be cautiously optimistic about the role of generative AI in medical education. 对以下问题的回应：教师应该对生成式人工智能在医学教育中的作用持谨慎乐观的态度。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Journal of Investigative Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1177/10815589251333745

Jorge L Cervantes

引用次数: 0

Response to: Applicant essays and recommendation letters in residency selection: How generative artificial intelligence is changing them. 回应：住院医师选择中的申请人论文和推荐信：生成人工智能如何改变它们。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Journal of Investigative Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1177/10815589251333743

Jorge L Cervantes

引用次数: 0

Predictors for significant hepatic fibrosis in chronic HBV patients in daily clinical practice: A prospective study. EXPRESS：慢性HBV患者在日常临床实践中显著肝纤维化的预测因素：一项前瞻性研究。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Journal of Investigative Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1177/10815589251331892

Fadi Abu Baker, Saif Abu Mouch, Dorin Nicola, Randa Taher Natour, Oren Shibolet

{"title":"Predictors for significant hepatic fibrosis in chronic HBV patients in daily clinical practice: A prospective study.","authors":"Fadi Abu Baker, Saif Abu Mouch, Dorin Nicola, Randa Taher Natour, Oren Shibolet","doi":"10.1177/10815589251331892","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10815589251331892","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate knowledge of fibrosis levels is essential for effective treatment decisions and prognostication in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. Current guidelines recommend liver biopsy and elastography as the most reliable methods for assessing fibrosis in CHB patients. However, these methods are not widely implemented due to the limited availability, high costs, and invasiveness of liver biopsy. Thus, we aimed to identify simple clinical predictors of significant liver fibrosis in CHB patients in daily practice. We prospectively recruited CHB patients to undergo shear wave elastography (SWE), abdominal ultrasound, and blood tests. In parallel, we extracted data on patient demographics, habits, medical backgrounds, medications, and CHB status and treatment. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine predictors of significant fibrosis. Of the 173 patients included in the final analysis, 40 (23.0%) had evidence of significant fibrosis on two-dimensional SWE. Age > 50 years (odds ratio (OR): 3.53; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.34-9.25; p = 0.001), alanine aminotransferase > 40 (OR: 8.16; 95% CI: 4.6-15.3; p = 0.001), hepatitis B virus DNA> 2000 (OR: 9.20; 95% CI: 3.4-19.0; p < 0.001), concomitant diabetes mellitus (OR: 3.58; 95% CI: 1.89-5.49; p = 0.040), moderate-to-severe steatosis on ultrasound (OR: 4.50; 95% CI: 2.35-9.95; p = 0.014), and heavy smoking were independent predictors of significant fibrosis. In conclusion, we identified clinical and laboratory variables that may effectively identify CHB patients at high risk of significant fibrosis. These can aid in resource allocation in daily practice with limited resources.","PeriodicalId":16112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"10815589251331892"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143657380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on iron regulatory erythroid factors in children with β-thalassemia. EXPRESS: β-地中海贫血儿童铁调控红系因子的研究。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Journal of Investigative Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1177/10815589251331618

Yaxuan Cao, Ken Huang, Jianming Luo

{"title":"Research on iron regulatory erythroid factors in children with β-thalassemia.","authors":"Yaxuan Cao, Ken Huang, Jianming Luo","doi":"10.1177/10815589251331618","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10815589251331618","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the differences in relative mRNA expression levels of the novel iron regulatory erythroid factors FAM210B, CCDC115, HO-1, PCBP1, PCBP2, NCOA4, and Nrf2 in children with β-thalassemia major (β-TM) before and after transfusion therapy. A total of 98 children with transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University between October 2022 and May 2023. The children were classified based on their hemoglobin (Hb) levels: 57 cases with Hb ≤ 90 g/L and 41 cases with Hb > 90 g/L. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was employed to assess the relative mRNA expression between the groups. The mRNA expression levels of FAM210B, HO-1, and NCOA4 were significantly higher in the Hb ≤ 90 g/L group compared to the Hb > 90 g/L group (p < 0.05). Moreover, higher relative expression levels of FAM210B and NCOA4 correlated with an increased likelihood of requiring blood transfusions in β-TM children. The differences in the remaining factors did not reach statistical significance. FAM210B and NCOA4 may serve as indicators of erythropoiesis and the degree of anemia in children with β-TM. Further research is warranted to explore their potential as therapeutic targets for β-thalassemia and other erythropoietic disorders.","PeriodicalId":16112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"10815589251331618"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143657409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Applicant essays and recommendation letters in residency selection:How generative artificial intelligence is changing them. EXPRESS：住院医师选择中的申请人论文和推荐信：生成式人工智能如何改变它们。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Journal of Investigative Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1177/10815589251331614

Shigeki Matsubara

引用次数: 0

Cer mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. EXPRESS：系统性红斑狼疮患者的癌症死亡率。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Journal of Investigative Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1177/10815589251327522

Jia Yi Tan, Arya Mariam Roy, Michael Guma

{"title":"Cer mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.","authors":"Jia Yi Tan, Arya Mariam Roy, Michael Guma","doi":"10.1177/10815589251327522","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10815589251327522","url":null,"abstract":"Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is linked with an increased risk of cancers, particularly hematologic malignancies. Cancer mortality among patients with SLE in the United States remains unclear. Our cross-sectional study sought to measure trends in cancer mortality among patients with SLE in the last two decades. Cancer deaths among patients with SLE from 1999 to 2020 were analyzed from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER). Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 1,000,000 individuals were measured. We used joinpoint trend analysis to determine the average annual percent change (AAPC) in AAMR trends. From 1999 to 2020, there were 2481 cancer deaths with comorbid SLE. Overall, the AAMRs of cancer among patients with SLE increased from 0.71 in 1999 to 1.19 per 1,000,000 individuals in 2020, with the AAPC at +1.19. Women had a higher AAMR from cancer death with comorbid SLE than men (1.39 vs 0.29 per 1,000,000 individuals). The highest AAMR was observed among African Americans (1.23 per 1,000,000 individuals), followed by Hispanics (0.61 per 1,000,000 individuals), Whites (0.58 per 1,000,000 individuals), and Asians (0.36 per 1,000,000 individuals). Those who lived in the West region and the rural region had the highest AAMR, respectively (0.69 vs 0.70 per 1,000,000 individuals). The three most common causes of cancer deaths were lung cancer (28.70%), breast cancer (8.83%), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (4.96%). Cancer mortality in SLE patients has risen, with higher rates among African Americans, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.","PeriodicalId":16112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"10815589251327522"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Outcomes of beta-blocker therapy in methamphetamine users with cardiovascular conditions. EXPRESS: β受体阻滞剂治疗甲基苯丙胺使用者心血管疾病的结果

IF 2.5 4区医学

Journal of Investigative Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1177/10815589251327524

Anna Bjarvin, Sydney Cross, Stone Holtzman, Judy Kim, Janpreet Bhandohal, Baldeep Mann, Aslan GhandForoush, Fowrooz Joolhar

{"title":"Outcomes of beta-blocker therapy in methamphetamine users with cardiovascular conditions.","authors":"Anna Bjarvin, Sydney Cross, Stone Holtzman, Judy Kim, Janpreet Bhandohal, Baldeep Mann, Aslan GhandForoush, Fowrooz Joolhar","doi":"10.1177/10815589251327524","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10815589251327524","url":null,"abstract":"Methamphetamine use is associated with a range of cardiovascular conditions, including hypertension and heart failure. Beta-blocker use is commonly avoided when treating patients intoxicated with methamphetamines due to a fear of inducing unopposed alpha stimulation and worsening hypertension. We performed a retrospective review of medical records in a county hospital in California with a high prevalence of methamphetamine users. We included adults who tested positive for methamphetamines on urine toxicology, subjects who received beta-blockers within 48 h of their arrival were assigned to the case group, and those who received a non-beta-blocker antihypertensive or no antihypertensive were assigned to the control group. We compared the length of stay (LOS), readmission rate within 30 days, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) between the groups at admission and 24 h. There was no significant difference between LOS and 30-day readmission rates between subjects who received beta-blockers and subjects who did not. Subjects who received carvedilol were compared to subjects in the control group who received another antihypertensive. SBP was significantly higher in the carvedilol group at admission, but there was no significant difference between groups after 24 h, and there was no significant difference in LOS. Treatment with beta-blockers in the case group did not increase LOS or readmission rates compared to the control group, and treatment with carvedilol effectively reduced SBP in patients with hypertension and methamphetamine-induced cardiomyopathy. Our results indicate that beta-blockers, particularly carvedilol, are an effective treatment modality in methamphetamine users.","PeriodicalId":16112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"10815589251327524"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metformin: Its salutary effects beyond diabetes mellitus. 表达:二甲双胍;它的有益作用超越了糖尿病。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Journal of Investigative Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1177/10815589251327511

Khalid Sawalha, Nitesh Gautam, Kalaivani Sivakumar, Hakan Paydak, Jawaher L Mehta

引用次数: 0

Challenging biological samples and strategies for DNA extraction. EXPRESS：挑战生物样品和DNA提取策略。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Journal of Investigative Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1177/10815589251327503

Ajay K Rana

{"title":"Challenging biological samples and strategies for DNA extraction.","authors":"Ajay K Rana","doi":"10.1177/10815589251327503","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10815589251327503","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the significant progress of DNA profiling in forensic science, the extraction of DNA from challenging samples remains a formidable obstacle in forensic laboratories. Particularly, hard tissues (bones, teeth, hair, and nails), formalin-fixed tissues, and contaminated samples pose considerable difficulties. DNA extraction from such samples is often complicated, resulting in scanty, degraded, and contaminated DNA. Moreover, the presence of inhibitors from the surrounding environment further hinders DNA quantification and amplification, presenting additional challenges. This review article delves into the molecular basis of these challenges and examines the mechanistic principles underlying standard DNA extraction protocols. To overcome these obstacles, skilled efforts and additional pre-processing techniques are generally required before organic or silica column-based DNA extraction. Such techniques may involve scraping the waste, sample cleaning with detergents, disinfecting, demineralization of bones and teeth, long proteolytic enzyme treatment, in some cases, harsh methods like hot alkali treatment, tailored to the specific sample type. By addressing these challenges and understanding the molecular intricacies involved in DNA extraction, forensic scientists can improve the reliability and success rate of DNA analysis from difficult forensic samples. This review serves as a comprehensive resource for understanding the complexities of DNA extraction and offers potential solutions for recovering the DNA from highly challenging samples.","PeriodicalId":16112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"10815589251327503"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Peripheral ICOS+CD4 T cell frequency: An indicator for short-term progression in resectable advanced gastric cancer following platinum-based chemotherapy. 快讯外周 ICOS+CD4 T 细胞频率：铂类化疗后可切除晚期胃癌短期进展的指标。

IF 2.5 4区医学

Journal of Investigative Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-02 DOI: 10.1177/10815589251327133

Yu Zhang, Xiaodi Zhao, Zhiling Ma, Peng Wang, Sen Zhang, Jiaxin Li

{"title":"Peripheral ICOS+CD4 T cell frequency: An indicator for short-term progression in resectable advanced gastric cancer following platinum-based chemotherapy.","authors":"Yu Zhang, Xiaodi Zhao, Zhiling Ma, Peng Wang, Sen Zhang, Jiaxin Li","doi":"10.1177/10815589251327133","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10815589251327133","url":null,"abstract":"Peripheral frequency of inducible T cell co-stimulator (ICOS) + CD4 T cells is associated with early response to immunotherapy and prognosis in gastric cancer (GC); however, limited studies have clarified its association with chemotherapy response. This was a prospective, pilot study. A total of 120 participants with newly diagnosed GC were recruited; 50 advanced GC patients (T3-4N1-3M0-1) underwent curative surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy, and their prognosis and survival were assessed. The frequency of ICOS + CD4 T cells in the peripheral blood of each patient was examined using flow cytometry. The frequency of ICOS+CD4 T cells in stage III GC patients was significantly higher than that of stages I and II combined (p = 0.0204) and stage IV GC patients (p = 0.0117). In xenograft GC animals, a positive correlation was noted between the peripheral frequency of ICOS + CD4 and the tumor volume in mice (p = 0.0496). Co-culture experiments showed that the presence of GC cells increased the ratio of ICOS + CD4 T cells derived from peripheral blood in a dose-dependent manner. The initial peripheral frequency of ICOS + CD4 T cells in the GC progression-group was significantly lower than that in the stable-group after 3 months of platinum-based chemotherapy (p = 0.0318). High frequency of peripheral ICOS + CD4 was significantly positively correlated with peripheral IFN-γ concentration in tumor-bearing mice. The frequency of ICOS + CD4 serves as an index reflecting the tumor burden of GC. It effectively predicts the short-term progression risk for resectable advanced GC under platinum-based chemotherapy, primarily because it can reflect the basal immune status of the body.","PeriodicalId":16112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"10815589251327133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0