Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Effect of testosterone replacement therapy on lower urinary tract symptoms: A systematic review and network meta-analysis","authors":"Xiang Yuan,&nbsp;Xingyu Xiong,&nbsp;Jianxin Xue","doi":"10.1111/jebm.12628","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jebm.12628","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we aimed to perform a network meta-analysis (NMA) to investigate the effects of different testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) administration routes on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in aging men with late-onset hypogonadism (LOH).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang Data, and VIP was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting data on International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, or prostate volume. NMA was performed, and subgroup analysis was conducted to assess the impact of TRT duration on outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 21 RCTs involving 2453 participants were included. For pairwise meta-analysis, <i>p</i> values for TRT delivered by transdermal, intramuscular, and oral routes were as follows: IPSS: 0.93, 0.20, and 0.76; PSA level: 0.20, 0.27, and 0.98; prostate volume: 0.18, 0.04, and 0.16. There were no significant differences in IPSS, PSA level, or prostate volume between TRT routes. In subgroup analysis, long-term intramuscular TRT significantly decreased IPSS (<i>p</i> = 0.03), short-term transdermal TRT increased PSA levels (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and short-term intramuscular TRT increased the prostate volume (<i>p</i> = 0.04). Other forms of TRT showed no significant change in IPSS, PSA level, and prostate volume compared with the placebo. Indirect comparison of the three administration routes demonstrated no significant differences in IPSS, PSA level, and prostate volume. Nevertheless, surface under the cumulative ranking curve analysis indicated that intramuscular TRT had an 83% probability of being the best method for decreasing IPSS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results demonstrate that TRT does not worsen LUTS regardless of the administration route. Intramuscular TRT may be the preferred treatment for aging men with LOH and LUTS. Intramuscular TRT may be the preferred treatment for men with LOH and LUTS. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and optimize TRT management strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141616663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the detrimental vicious cycle linking skeletal muscle and COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Qin Wang,&nbsp;Peipei Shi,&nbsp;Lu Cao,&nbsp;Haoran Li,&nbsp;Xiankai Chen,&nbsp;Peiyu Wang,&nbsp;Jianjiang Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jebm.12629","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jebm.12629","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Skeletal muscle catabolism supports multiple organs and systems during severe trauma and infection, but its role in COVID-19 remains unclear. This study investigates the interactions between skeletal muscle and COVID-19.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The PubMed, EMbase, and The Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched from January 2020 to August 2023 for cohort studies focusing on the impact of skeletal muscle on COVID-19 prevalence and outcomes, and longitudinal studies examining skeletal muscle changes caused by COVID-19. Skeletal muscle quantity (SMQN) and quality (SMQL) were assessed separately. The random-effect model was predominantly utilized for statistical analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventy studies with moderate to high quality were included. Low SMQN/SMQL was associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 infection (OR = 1.62, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Both the low SMQN and SMQL predicted COVID-19-related mortality (OR = 1.53, <i>p</i> = 0.016; OR = 2.18, <i>p</i> = 0.001, respectively). Mortality risk decreased with increasing SMQN (OR = 0.979, <i>p</i> = 0.009) and SMQL (OR = 0.972, <i>p</i> = 0.034). Low SMQN and SMQL were also linked to the need for intensive care unit/mechanical ventilation, increased COVID-19 severity, and longer hospital stays. Significant skeletal muscle wasting, characterized by reduced volume and strength, was observed during COVID-19 infection and the pandemic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study reveals a detrimental vicious circle between skeletal muscle and COVID-19. Effective management of skeletal muscle could be beneficial for treating COVID-19 infections and addressing the broader pandemic. These findings have important implications for the management of future virus pandemics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Systematic review registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PROSPERO CRD42023395476.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141554965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baduanjin for ischemic heart failure with mildly reduced/preserved ejection fraction (BEAR Trial): A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Jingen Li,&nbsp;Meili Yu,&nbsp;Yanhui Wang,&nbsp;Siming Li,&nbsp;Siwei Li,&nbsp;Xue Feng,&nbsp;Ruijie Li,&nbsp;Keji Chen,&nbsp;Hao Xu","doi":"10.1111/jebm.12631","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jebm.12631","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While Baduanjin, a traditional Chinese mind-body exercise, has shown potential health benefits, its efficacy in improving outcomes for heart failure patients with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFmrEF/HFpEF) has not been well documented. We aimed to investigate the adjunctive impact of Baduanjin on exercise capacity and quality of life for HFmrEF/HFpEF.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with HFmrEF/HFpEF were enrolled in this multicenter randomized clinical trial. All participants were randomized to conventional cardiac rehabilitation with or without an additional 12-week Baduanjin exercise. The primary endpoint was the distance covered in a 6-min walk test (6MWD), while key secondary outcomes included quality of life measured by the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) and cardiopulmonary function including anaerobic threshold (VO₂ AT).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 120 patients were enrolled, and 109 completed all session and tests. The mean age of the 120 patients was 60.5 years (SD, 9.21 years), and 23 (19.2%) were women. The Baduanjin group exhibited a 6.14% improvement in 6MWD compared to a 1.32% improvement in the control group (median improvement, 25.0 vs. 5.0 m; <i>p </i>&lt; 0.001) at 12th week. The VO₂ AT increased by 25.87% in the Baduanjin group versus 3.94% in the control group (<i>p </i>&lt; 0.001). Quality of life also significantly improved in the Baduanjin group as indicated by MLHFQ score changes (–16.8% vs. –3.99%; <i>p </i>&lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adding Baduanjin to exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for patients with ischemic HFmrEF or HFpEF are generally safe and could provide significant improvements in exercise capacity and quality of life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jebm.12631","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141544885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation and management of knee osteoarthritis","authors":"Siyi Zhu,&nbsp;Wenchun Qu,&nbsp;Chengqi He","doi":"10.1111/jebm.12627","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jebm.12627","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) significantly contributes to the global disability burden, with its incidence expected to escalate by 74.9% by 2050. The urgency to comprehend and tackle this condition is critical, necessitating an updated and thorough review of KOA. A systematic review up to February 26, 2024, has elucidated the principal aspects of KOA's pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical manifestations, and contemporary management paradigms. The origins of KOA are intricately linked to mechanical, inflammatory, and metabolic disturbances that impair joint function. Notable risk factors include age, obesity, and previous knee injuries. Diagnosis predominantly relies on clinical assessment, with radiographic evaluation reserved conditionally. The significance of rehabilitation assessments, informed by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health framework, is highlighted. Treatment strategies are diverse, prioritizing nonpharmacological measures such as patient education, exercise, and weight management, with pharmacological interventions considered adjuncts. Intra-articular injections and surgical options are contemplated for instances where conventional management is inadequate. KOA stands as a predominant disability cause globally, characterized by a complex etiology and profound effects on individuals’ quality of life. Early, proactive management focusing on nonpharmacological interventions forms the cornerstone of treatment, aiming to alleviate symptoms and enhance joint function. This comprehensive review underscores the need for early diagnosis, individualized treatment plans, and the integration of rehabilitation assessments to optimize patient outcomes. Further research is needed to refine prevention strategies and improve management outcomes for KOA patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141534556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease","authors":"Lili Li,&nbsp;Rui Cheng,&nbsp;Yushan Wu,&nbsp;Hao Lin,&nbsp;Huatian Gan,&nbsp;Hu Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jebm.12626","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jebm.12626","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and relapsing immune-mediated disease of the gastrointestinal tract with a gradually increasing global incidence and prevalence. A prolonged course of IBD leads to a decline in patient quality of life and the creation of a substantial economic burden on society. Owing to the lack of specific diagnostic markers, the diagnosis of IBD still needs a gold standard based on a combination of clinical manifestations, imaging, laboratory, and endoscopic results. Accordingly, the current goals of IBD treatment are to alleviate clinical symptoms and reduce recurrence rates. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a standard set of procedures to diagnose and treat IBD. In this review, we summarize prominent and emerging studies, outline classical and contemporary approaches to diagnosing and managing IBD, and integrate multiple guidelines. Furthermore, we propose the possibility of establishing an early and comprehensive diagnostic workflow and personalized management strategy in the future. We aim to enhance the quality and standardization of diagnostic and treatment procedures for IBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":16090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141457339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Guidelines for use and promotion of low sodium salt in China","authors":"Yifang Yuan,&nbsp;Chao Gao,&nbsp;Xuejun Yin,&nbsp;Xianghui Zhang,&nbsp;Yufei Ji,&nbsp;Xizi Zheng,&nbsp;Qi Zhou,&nbsp;Yangfeng Wu","doi":"10.1111/jebm.12621","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jebm.12621","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both excessive intake of sodium and inadequate intake of potassium are associated with blood pressure elevation and subsequent increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease, which accounts for the largest number of deaths in China and worldwide. Low sodium salt, a mixture of mainly sodium chloride and potassium chloride, has shown its great potential as a promising population strategy for sodium intake reduction through multiple large-scale, multicenter, randomized controlled trials among populations including patients with cardiovascular disease, individuals with and without hypertension, older and younger adults, and men and women in China and other countries. This Guidelines aims to provide expert recommendations for promotion and use of low sodium salt in China, based on the current available scientific evidence regarding the effectiveness, safety, cost-effectiveness, and acceptability of low sodium salts in various population groups and different application scenarios. The suggestions to key stakeholders are also made.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A working group, an expert review committee and an advisory committee were established to be responsible for formulating the guidelines’ scope and key questions to be addressed, for searching, synthesizing, and evaluating research evidence, proposing and reviewing the recommendations. The consensus on the final recommendations was reached using the GRADE grid method.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The working group summarized current available evidence of salt substitution regarding its effectiveness, safety, cost-effectiveness, acceptability, availability, suitability, etc. The Guidelines provided six recommendations advising different populations how to use low sodium salt, four recommendations on the application of low sodium salts in different scenarios, and five suggestions for key stakeholders to promote salt substitution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The first evidence-based guidelines on promotion and use of low sodium salts covers all key questions in relevance and would play a critical role in prevention and control of hypertension and cardiovascular disease in China and worldwide.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141457340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ethics of some placebo-controlled randomized controlled trials","authors":"Elliot M. Levine,&nbsp;Carlos M. Fernandez","doi":"10.1111/jebm.12625","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jebm.12625","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It has been well-recognized that a randomized controlled trial (RCT) represents the best investigative format to establish medical evidence. In an RCT, essential variables can be controlled and bias minimized. When testing for the efficacy and safety of a medication, it is often compared to a blinded placebo. There is little argument to challenge the role of an RCT in this regard. When a subject is enrolled in an RCT investigating the therapeutic value of a medication for the treatment of a condition, it is often compared to a placebo, so as to best measure whatever benefit this new medication can have, independent of a possible placebo or contextual effect.<span>¹</span> There are many examples of RCTs performed for the testing of a medication being measured for its efficacy in treating a condition when compared to a placebo. However, when there is a known effective medication that can be used with which that comparison can be made, it may be difficult to justify the use of a placebo in that instance, and there are many examples of this circumstance in all medical specialties, including as referenced in these gynecologic examples.<span>^{2, 3}</span> The putative medications that can be used for such a comparison (instead of placebo), have themselves been compared with placebo in prior Investigational New Drug (IND) trials performed for Federal Drug Administration (FDA) approval.</p><p>It is fair to recognize that the ethical principle of nonmaleficence (“first, do no harm”) may be violated by the physicians involved in that RCT.<span>⁴</span> Simply put, if the comparison being made in this sort of a study was between a standard medication and a newer medication (possibly being better), then that would certainly be acceptable. Many studies are not performed in that way, however. As a physician-scientist, duty-bound to provide standard-of-care medications to patients and also to see innovative medical treatment be properly tested in order to advance evidence-based medical science, a placebo-controlled investigation fails in this regard, especially for conditions with currently available therapies of proven medical benefit. To not provide available therapy to a patient presenting with a properly documented condition may be an example of harm to that patient.</p><p>According to a principle of Logic (Transitive Property of Equality), if A = B, and B = C, then A = C.<span>⁵</span> While that tenet may refer to an objective mathematical concept, it may still be useful to apply to the circumstance being described, in that if a FDA-approved medication was objectively found to be efficacious for treating a particular condition in a placebo-controlled investigation, it can itself be used (rather than a placebo) in future studies. Of course, this logical principle may only apply for those investigations showing a medication found to be either more effective or noninferior when compared with that same FDA-approve","PeriodicalId":16090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jebm.12625","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141468540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expert-guided evaluation of medical research may promote publishing low-quality studies and increase research waste: A comparative analysis of Journal Impact Factor and Polish expert-based journal ranking list","authors":"Albert Stachura,&nbsp;Łukasz Banaszek,&nbsp;Paweł K. Włodarski","doi":"10.1111/jebm.12615","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jebm.12615","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An ever-growing amount of medical literature has created a need for evaluating scientific merit. The Journal Impact Factor (JIF) is a metric relying on citation count and may indicate the prestige of a scientific journal.<span>¹</span> A study quality is often assessed based on a publication venue—hence JIF may be indirectly used to evaluate research. Such an approach is not flawless. Using JIF as a surrogate of a journal's quality has been widely criticized.<span>²</span> In the Leiden Manifesto Hicks et al. advocated for putting more emphasis on qualitative assessment, transparency, robust locally relevant research, and accounting for variation by field of study.<span>³</span></p><p>Despite these criticisms, JIF is still used to assess scientific output.<span>⁴</span> In the United States and Canada, journal ranking is based on indicators such as JIF, CiteScore, SCImago Journal Rank, or Hirsh index. In some countries, journal rankings have been created to assess the research performance of scientists and institutions. Two main approaches are prevalent: (<span>1</span>) based solely on metrics or (<span>2</span>) determined by experts who may (or may not) take such metrics into consideration.<span>⁵</span> The first model is used, for example, in Turkey (the TÜBİTAK Incentive Program for International Scientific Publications) or China (Chinese Academy of Sciences Journal Ranking List), the second one, for example, in Finland (the Publication Forum Journal list), Norway (the Norwegian Register for Scientific Journals, Series and Publishers), Italy (the Ratings of scientific and class A journals), Denmark (the BFI List of Series), and Poland (Polish Journal Ranking).<span>⁶</span> Though both models rely to some degree on JIF, the latter is more subjective and likely to be shaped by the national science policy objectives. This significantly increases the risk of politicization, which might lead to adjusting the assigned journal rank to own professional goals of experts involved in producing rankings, potentially creating a conflict of interests.<span>⁵</span></p><p>Funding, grants, and scholarships are awarded to scientists publishing in top journals from the national ranking lists. In Poland, the evaluation system is based on points awarded by the Ministry of Education and Science (MEiN—<i>pol. Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki</i>). The latest edition was released on January 5, 2024, more than 1 year after the 2022 Journal Citation Report had been announced (June 2022).<span>⁷</span> Since JIF is an imperfect surrogate of journal quality, supplementing assessment systems with expert opinion may potentially help promote good research. The objective of this study is to compare the MEiN ranking system with JIF and discuss the consequences of potential discrepancies between the two models.</p><p>A total of 5326 journals appeared both in JCR Clinical Medicine categ","PeriodicalId":16090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jebm.12615","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141468537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The characteristics, development methods, reporting quality, and evidence basis of diagnostic criteria in China between 1965 and 2023: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Qi Zhou,&nbsp;Hongfeng He,&nbsp;Qinyuan Li,&nbsp;Janne Estill,&nbsp;Zhengxiu Luo,&nbsp;Kehu Yang,&nbsp;Jinling Tang,&nbsp;Yaolong Chen","doi":"10.1111/jebm.12624","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jebm.12624","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As a large and populous country, China releases a high number of diagnostic criteria. However, the published diagnostic criteria have not yet been systematically analyzed. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the characteristics, development methods, reporting quality, and evidence basis of diagnostic criteria published in China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We searched five databases for diagnostic criteria from their inception until July 31, 2023. All diagnostic criteria were screened through abstract and full-text reading, and included if satisfying the prespecified criteria. Two researchers independently extracted data on the characteristics, development methods, reporting quality, and evidence basis of diagnostic criteria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 143 diagnostic criteria were included. In terms of development methods, the proportions of diagnostic criteria that involved a systematic literature search (<i>n</i> = 2; 1.4%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.4% to 5.0%), adoption of formal consensus methods (<i>n</i> = 4; 2.8%; 95% CI, 1.1% to 7.0%), and criteria validation (<i>n</i> = 9; 6.3%; 95% CI, 3.3% to 11.5%) were relatively low. Regarding reporting quality, the average compliance with the ACCORD checklist was 5.1%; none of the diagnostic criteria reported on registration, expert inclusion criteria, expert recruitment process, or consensus results. A majority (58.7%; 95% CI, 50.6% to 66.5%) of criteria did not cite any research, and only one (0.7%; 95% CI, 0.1% to 3.9%) criterion was derived from a systematic review. Moreover, only 16.1% (95% CI, 11.0% to 23.0%) of diagnostic criteria used evidence from the Chinese population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The diagnostic criteria developed in China exhibit serious flaws, particularly in evidence retrieval, formation of expert panels, consensus methods, and validation. Additionally, only few diagnostic criteria used a systematic synthesis of the evidence or evidence from the China. There is an urgent need to enhance the methodology for developing diagnostic criteria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141468539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of hormone replacement therapy on all-cause and cancer-specific mortality in colorectal cancer: A systematic review and dose‒response meta-analysis of observational studies","authors":"Kefeng Liu,&nbsp;Yazhou He,&nbsp;Qiong Li,&nbsp;Shusen Sun,&nbsp;Zubing Mei,&nbsp;Jie Zhao","doi":"10.1111/jebm.12622","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jebm.12622","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality and all-cause mortality remains unclear. We conducted a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis to determine the effects of HRT on CRC mortality and all-cause mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We searched the electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library for all relevant studies published until January 2024 to investigate the effects of HRT exposure on survival rates for patients with CRC. Two reviewers independently extracted individual study data and evaluated the risk of bias between the studies using the Newcastle‒Ottawa Scale. We performed a two-stage random-effects dose–response meta-analysis to examine a possible nonlinear relationship between the year of HRT use and CRC mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ten cohort studies with 480,628 individuals were included. HRT was inversely associated with the risk of CRC mortality (hazard ratios (HR) = 0.77, 95% CI (0.68, 0.87), <i>I</i>² = 69.5%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The pooled results of seven cohort studies revealed a significant association between HRT and the risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 0.71, 95% CI (0.54, 0.92), <i>I</i>² = 89.6%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). A linear dose–response analysis (<i>p</i> for nonlinearity = 0.34) showed a 3% decrease in the risk of CRC for each additional year of HRT use; this decrease was significant (HR = 0.97, 95% CI (0.94, 0.99), <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). An additional linear (<i>p</i> for nonlinearity = 0.88) dose–response analysis showed a nonsignificant decrease in the risk of all-cause mortality for each additional year of HRT use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study suggests that the use of HRT is inversely associated with all-cause and colorectal cancer mortality, thus causing a significant decrease in mortality rates over time. More studies are warranted to confirm this association.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141468538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}