Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Validation of the Quality Assessment Tool for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Real-World Studies","authors":"Tadesse Gebrye, Chidozie Mbada, Zalmai Hakimi, Francis Fatoye","doi":"10.1111/jebm.70052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jebm.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the gold standard for assessing the efficacy of medical interventions [<span>1</span>]. However, real-world evidence (RWE) is increasingly recognized as essential for comprehensive healthcare decision-making. RCTs provide high internal validity and establish clear causal relationships due to their controlled environments and strict criteria. Nevertheless, the highly selective patient populations and controlled settings of RCTs can limit the external validity of their findings, making it challenging to generalize results to broader, more diverse populations [<span>2</span>]. RWE is derived from real-world data (RWD), such as electronic health records and insurance claims, and provides clinical insights into the usage, benefits, and risks of medical products. Unlike RCTs, RWE offers perspectives on treatment performance in everyday practice, which can significantly aid healthcare decision-making [<span>3</span>]. RWD serves to bridge the gap between clinical trials and real-world settings, informing guidelines, policy decisions, and new therapy approvals [<span>4</span>]. This type of evidence captures a wider range of patient populations and healthcare environments, making it particularly valuable for understanding the effectiveness, safety, and cost-effectiveness of interventions in real-world conditions.</p><p>Regulatory bodies and healthcare organizations increasingly rely on RWE to fill gaps left by RCTs [<span>5</span>]. For instance, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) have incorporated RWE to support regulatory decisions and postmarket surveillance [<span>6</span>]. When making healthcare recommendations, it is crucial that they are grounded in the best available research evidence [<span>7</span>]. Incorporating this evidence into healthcare practices can help reduce variations in healthcare delivery. The volume of research studies on healthcare is now enormous for healthcare professionals. RWE is instrumental in understanding the effectiveness and safety of interventions across diverse populations and in identifying rare adverse events and long-term outcomes, thus enhancing healthcare practices and policies [<span>8</span>].</p><p>To summarize and present the findings of individual research studies a structured approach is required. This structured approach, systematic review, provides a comprehensive and unbiased synthesis of many relevant studies in a single document. One of the most critical components of conducting a systematic review is the assessment of the quality of the included studies, as this significantly impacts the overall quality of evidence produced [<span>9</span>]. Quality appraisal refers to evaluating how well a study was designed and conducted looking at its methodological soundness, such as whether it used an appropriate study design, followed rigorous procedures, and addressed key elements like sample selection and dat","PeriodicalId":16090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jebm.70052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144492704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consensus on the Treatment of Severe Ocular Trauma and Silicone Oil–Dependent Eyes Using Foldable Capsular Vitreous Body","authors":"Hua Yan,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Lin,&nbsp;Wenbin Wei,&nbsp;Gezhi Xu,&nbsp;Ferenc Kuhn,&nbsp;Yuntao Hu,&nbsp;Dawei Sun,&nbsp;Weihong Yu,&nbsp;Rui Jiang,&nbsp;Peiquan Zhao,&nbsp;Yanming Huang,&nbsp;Jinhong Cai,&nbsp;Nan Wu,&nbsp;Zhen Chen,&nbsp;Jinchen Jia,&nbsp;Shenwen Liu,&nbsp;Huping Song,&nbsp;Jianqiao Li,&nbsp;Xiangyu Shi,&nbsp;Aijun Deng,&nbsp;Umit Beden,&nbsp;Petros Petrou,&nbsp;Van Overdam,&nbsp;Shalva Skihirtladze,&nbsp;Slawomir Cisiecki,&nbsp;Levent Karabas,&nbsp;Chongde Long,&nbsp;Lifeng Qiao,&nbsp;Zhenquan Zhao,&nbsp;Jian Ma,&nbsp;Sujuan Ji,&nbsp;Yanlai Zhang,&nbsp;Gongqiang Yuan,&nbsp;Qihua Xu,&nbsp;Xiangzhong Xu,&nbsp;Xuemin Tian,&nbsp;Haokun Zhang,&nbsp;Siyue Chen","doi":"10.1111/jebm.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jebm.70041","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To establish evidence-based guidelines for the application of the foldable capsular vitreous body (FCVB) in managing severe ocular trauma and silicone oil–dependent eyes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a comprehensive search across multiple databases, screening, extracting, and evaluating research evidence. Experts in ocular trauma and vitreoretinal surgery provided practical insights and formulated key questions. Using the Delphi method, the working group identified seven clinical issues and established outcome indicators. Seven recommendations were developed, reviewed, and approved by a multinational consensus expert group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This consensus presents seven evidence-based recommendations for FCVB implantation, emphasizing the importance of patient assessment, FCVB model selection, and intraoperative and postoperative management. Each recommendation is supported by detailed explanations and evidence, highlighting the potential benefits of FCVB as an alternative to traditional treatments for severe ocular trauma and silicone oil–dependent eyes, including reduced complications and improved visual outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>On the basis of existing literature and expert consensus, this consensus provides evidence-based guidance for FCVB application in treating severe ocular trauma and silicone oil–dependent eyes. The recommendations serve as a valuable resource for ophthalmologists, facilitating more effective and safer treatment options for patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jebm.70041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144492735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Analytical Methods, and Influencing Factors of Multimorbidity in China: A Scoping Review","authors":"Xinyu Xue,&nbsp;Ningsu Chen,&nbsp;Kai Zhao,&nbsp;Yana Qi,&nbsp;Mengnan Zhao,&nbsp;Lei Shi,&nbsp;Youping Li,&nbsp;Jiajie Yu","doi":"10.1111/jebm.70051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jebm.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This scoping review aims to map commonly reported multimorbidity patterns in China and summarize the methodologies used to identify these patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a comprehensive search of six databases, including PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science Core Collection, WanFang, VIP, and CNKI from inception to December 31, 2024. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed to map the scope of research on multimorbidity patterns and the methodologies used in the included studies. The results are presented in tabular form, with selected visual representations where appropriate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 15,972 studies were retrieved, with 93 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. These studies, published between 2015 and 2024, were mostly cross-sectional with a median sample size was 10,084. Most studies employed a single method to explore multimorbidity patterns, with latent class analysis, association rules, and factor analysis being the most common. Arthritis/rheumatism and hypertension were the most prevalent diseases. Multimorbidity patterns were mainly classified into disease combination patterns and multimorbidity cluster patterns. The most frequent binary combinations were hypertension with diabetes and hypertension with dyslipidemia. The most common ternary combination was hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. The cardiovascular metabolic cluster was the most prevalent, followed by the respiratory cluster. Forty-nine studies explored influencing factors, with age being the most studied.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Studies on multimorbidity patterns in China have increased since 2020, with a focus on cardiovascular-metabolic clusters and the use of latent class analysis. However, variations in the interpretation of multimorbidity lead to inconsistent disease identification and diagnostic criteria, affecting the consistency of findings. Future research should establish consensus-driven guidelines for defining multimorbidity clusters and apply robust statistical techniques to improve methodological rigor.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in the Effects of Cadmium and Uric Acid Levels on Hypertension Risk: A Dose–Response Relationship and Synergistic Effect Study","authors":"Ruiqi Yang,&nbsp;Yiling Chen,&nbsp;Xu Hui,&nbsp;Xin Fan,&nbsp;Xiaonan Li,&nbsp;Weize Kong,&nbsp;Qian Liu,&nbsp;Yizhuo Chen,&nbsp;Kaiwen Wang,&nbsp;Xinyi Li,&nbsp;Peijing Yan,&nbsp;Jinhui Tian,&nbsp;Yongbin Lu","doi":"10.1111/jebm.70049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jebm.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study explored the independent and synergistic effects of cadmium (Cd) and uric acid (UA) levels on hypertension risk, with a focus on sex differences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from 8043 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants were analyzed using logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS), and interaction effect models. A meta-analysis of eight studies was also conducted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Blood, urinary Cd, and UA levels were more strongly associated with hypertension in females than in males (<i>p </i>&lt; 0.05). Among females, blood Cd (odds ratio [OR]<i> = </i>1.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20–2.83), urinary Cd (OR = 3.38, 95% CI: 2.15–5.30), and UA levels (OR = 3.67, 95% CI: 2.47–5.45) were significantly associated with increased hypertension risk. RCS analysis showed linear dose–response relationships for blood (<i>P</i>_non-linear = 0.085) and urinary Cd (<i>P</i>_non-linear = 0.070) levels, whereas UA levels (<i>P</i>_non-linear = 0.031) exhibited a non-linear association with hypertension risk. Multiplicative interaction showed 176% (OR = 2.76, 95% CI: 2.00–3.80) and 370% (OR = 4.70, 95% CI: 3.49–6.33) increased hypertension risks for high blood Cd–UA and urinary Cd–UA levels, respectively. Additive interaction confirmed synergy (relative excess risk due to interaction [RERI] = 1.74, 95% CI: 0.37–3.10). The meta-analysis using a random-effects model confirmed that blood Cd (OR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.28–2.93) and urinary Cd levels (OR = 1.81, 95% CI: 0.93–3.50) were significantly increased hypertension risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elevated Cd and UA levels independently and synergistically increased hypertension risk, especially in females, highlighting the need for targeted prevention strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variability and Advancements in ChatGPT Risk of Bias Assessments: A Replication and Comparative Analysis","authors":"Jules Descamps,&nbsp;Matthieu Resche-Rigon,&nbsp;Guillaume Draznieks,&nbsp;Cesar Quirino,&nbsp;Rémy Nizard,&nbsp;Pierre-Alban Bouché","doi":"10.1111/jebm.70046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jebm.70046","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Dear Editor,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We read with great interest the letter by Kuitunen et al., in which they evaluate the performance of ChatGPT-4o in conducting risk of bias (RoB) assessments using the Cochrane RoB2 tool. Their study sampled 100 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from recent meta-analyses published in top-tier medical journals, prompting ChatGPT-4o to provide an overall rating (“low,” “some concerns,” or “high”) and domain-specific ratings for each study. The authors found that the interrater agreement was generally slight to poor, aligning with previous smaller scale observations and highlighting that ChatGPT-4o's default outputs may be overly optimistic when determining bias levels.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We commend the authors for their systematic approach. Their standardized prompt and focus on RoB2 across a larger sample of RCTs strengthen the validity of their findings. Furthermore, their interrater reliability analyses revealed low correlation coefficients, which underscores the challenges inherent in automating such nuanced evaluations. These results add valuable quantitative data to an area where robust evidence is still emerging.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nevertheless, we wish to highlight certain methodological limitations that warrant further consideration. First, the inclusion of five duplicate articles [&lt;span&gt;1-5&lt;/span&gt;]—each cited in two different meta-analyses—introduced a situation in which identical articles had identical “ground truth” RoB2 assessments yet received different evaluations by ChatGPT-4o, illustrating variability in large language model (LLM) responses. For instance, for this article [&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;], D5 was either low and some concerns. Second, the rule-based determination of the overall RoB (low/some concerns/high) from domain-specific ratings itself is algorithmic and does not necessarily require a generative LLM for completion, suggesting that a simpler automated “classification” method might suffice for this aspect. Third, as Kuitunen et al. acknowledge, relying on a single LLM extraction to generate these assessments may be inherently limited, particularly if the model's output can shift based on small prompt changes or session variability.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To address these issues, we replicated the methodology in the same data set of 100 RCTs using both the original ChatGPT-4o and its updated iteration, 4o-new. Additionally, we employed a sophisticated framework (4o-fram) that integrates 4o as an input for processing .jsonl files associated with full-text articles. The 4o-fram framework (DAM Assess Version 1.25.01; DeepDocs LLC) utilizes a systematic multi-step approach; it applies a predefined evaluation grid to OCR-converted full-text PDFs using a language model, then structures the results into a clean, analyzable Excel table (Figure S1). We also tested OpenAI's newer “o1” model using exactly the same prompts. We replicated the analysis using our own dataset and models, comparing the original ChatGPT-4o results reported by Kuitunen et al. to new o","PeriodicalId":16090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jebm.70046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Measles Outbreak in Morocco: A Failure of Scientific Communication and Training on Evidence-Based Medicine","authors":"Fatima Ezzahra Mokhlis,&nbsp;Adam Hrimech,&nbsp;Maryam Fourtassi,&nbsp;Khalid El Bairi","doi":"10.1111/jebm.70048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jebm.70048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects and Neuroimaging Findings of Acupuncture for Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Zihan Yin,&nbsp;Yaqin Li,&nbsp;Xinyue Zhang,&nbsp;Yiwei Liu,&nbsp;Ziqi Wang,&nbsp;Fang Ye,&nbsp;Xia He,&nbsp;Qiongnan Bao,&nbsp;Manze Xia,&nbsp;Zhenghong Chen,&nbsp;Wanqi Zhong,&nbsp;Kexin Wu,&nbsp;Jin Yao,&nbsp;Ziwen Chen,&nbsp;Ziwen Wang,&nbsp;Mingsheng Sun,&nbsp;Jiao Chen,&nbsp;Xiaojuan Hong,&nbsp;Ling Zhao,&nbsp;Fanrong Liang","doi":"10.1111/jebm.70047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jebm.70047","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Due to the limited evidence, the effects and neuroimaging mechanisms of acupuncture for amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) are still needed to investigate. Our objectives were to assess the effects and investigate its therapy-driven modification in functional neural response.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Right-handed aMCI patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to an acupuncture group (AG) or a waitlist control group (WG) in the randomized clinical trial using computer-generated randomization sequence method. Twenty normal cognition individuals were included in the normal control (NC) group. The primary outcomes were the changes in the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive (ADAS-Cog) subscale score from baseline to the 12th and 24th week. Acupuncture's neural responses were investigated by detecting changes in regional homogeneity (ReHo), seed-based functional connectivity (FC), and effective connectivity (EC) from baseline to the 12th week. Generalized estimating equations and correlational analyses were employed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, 343 participants were screened, and 72 aMCI patients were included. The ADAS-Cog score changes at Weeks 12 and 24 of AG were significantly higher than that of WG. In neural response, aMCI patients had higher ReHo in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC.L) compared to NCs. Acupuncture significantly reduced ReHo in the DLPFC.L and its FC with the left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC.L) compared to the WG. The causal evidence for decreased EC from the DLPFC.L to the ACC.L after acupuncture, which correlated with change in ADAS-Cog score.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acupuncture was effective in overall cognitive function in aMCI patients, and the effect was associated with the DLPFC.L-ACC.L circuit.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guidelines on Treating Fibromyalgia With Nonpharmacological Therapies in China","authors":"Xuanlin Li,&nbsp;Hejing Pan,&nbsp;Liaoyao Wang,&nbsp;Qi Zhou,&nbsp;Yanfang Ma,&nbsp;Qi Wang,&nbsp;Mingzhu Wang,&nbsp;Zhijun Xie,&nbsp;Haichang Li,&nbsp;Lu Chen,&nbsp;Lin Huang,&nbsp;Yaolong Chen,&nbsp;Chengping Wen","doi":"10.1111/jebm.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jebm.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fibromyalgia is a prevalent chronic condition marked by widespread pain, fatigue, and other debilitating symptoms. This guideline provides evidence-based recommendations for nonpharmacological treatments, developed by a multidisciplinary expert group, including specialists in rheumatology, rehabilitation, pain management, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and evidence-based medicine. The guideline follows the RIGHT checklist and is registered with the International Practice Guideline Registry Platform. The literature review incorporates systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to March 2023, focusing on the effects of nonpharmacological interventions on pain intensity, fatigue, sleep quality, mood, and quality of life. A total of 57 studies were included, with findings supporting acupuncture and health education as core therapies. These interventions significantly reduce pain, alleviate fatigue, and improve sleep quality, and are strongly recommended based on moderate-quality evidence. Additionally, aerobic exercise and resistance training are recommended for their proven effectiveness in reducing pain, enhancing physical function, and providing long-term benefits. Emerging therapies, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and nutritional supplements, show promise but require further research due to low-certainty evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":16090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jebm.70044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144264525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IDEAL-Acu: A Methodological Framework for Evaluating the Effects of Acupuncture","authors":"Jiali Liu,&nbsp;Xiaochao Luo,&nbsp;Yemeng Chen,&nbsp;Ling Zhao,&nbsp;Minghong Yao,&nbsp;Jiajie Yu,&nbsp;Jiahui Yang,&nbsp;Ling Li,&nbsp;Xin Sun","doi":"10.1111/jebm.70043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jebm.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The demand for high-quality clinical evidence supporting acupuncture remains urgent, necessitating the establishment of a suitable methodological framework to promote its generation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Following internal deliberations and extensive online discussions with experts in the IDEAL Collaboration, we proposed the IDEAL-Acu framework specifically for acupuncture, based on the surgery-focused IDEAL model with necessary modifications to accommodate the characteristics of acupuncture. To ensure consensus on recommendations, a panel of external experts and internal research team members was convened, and any disagreements were iteratively resolved through expert review.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article introduces an IDEAL-Acu framework with five stages for evaluating acupuncture outcome and improving practice to optimize treatment. The framework includes Idea (proposal of an acupuncture regime), Development (optimization or standardization of the acupuncture regime), Exploration (feasibility assessment for conducting a definitive RCT), Assessment (evaluation of effects through comparison with standard therapy or sham acupuncture), and Long-term monitoring (examination of long-term efficacy and safety) stages. We provide clear recommendations for each stage along with specific examples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The framework highlights the importance of conducting studies at each stage in acupuncture evaluation process and can serve as a helpful guide for assessing its effects and promoting evidence-based practice in acupuncture.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jebm.70043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Did Economic Evaluations on Pharmaceuticals and Vaccination for COVID-19 Maintain Adequate Reporting Quality? A Systematic Review and Quantitative Analysis","authors":"Ying Tao,&nbsp;Yi Yang,&nbsp;Bingxing Luo,&nbsp;Dai Lian,&nbsp;Junling Weng,&nbsp;Fuming Li,&nbsp;Juntao Yan,&nbsp;Yingyao Chen","doi":"10.1111/jebm.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jebm.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study seeks to assess the reporting quality of published health economic evaluations (HEEs) on vaccination and pharmaceuticals for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), and identify potential predictors associated with reporting quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Library, INAHTA, and Chinese databases (e.g., SinoMed, CNKI, and WANGFANG Database). HEEs published between January 1, 2020, and August 20, 2022, that considered both costs and outcomes of vaccination and pharmaceuticals for COVID-19 were included. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) statement scored the reporting quality for incorporated studies. A linear regression analysis was employed to characterize the impact of various features on reporting quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty-two studies were included in the analysis. The average CHEERS score was 18.54±3.41, with the scoring rate of reporting quality was 67% (±12%). The most inadequately reported items included health economic analysis plan, time horizon, valuation of outcomes, heterogeneity, uncertainty, distributional effects, and stakeholder involvement. Higher reporting compliance was associated with articles applying a longer time horizon (no less than 1 year) and those using a societal perspective (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The investigations that did not specify a study perspective received the lowest scores among the subgroups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, the included HEEs on vaccination and pharmaceuticals for COVID-19 had moderate reporting quality. Future HEEs should be transparently and sufficiently reported in accordance with standard guidelines (e.g., the CHEERS 2022 statement), to increase the interpretability of results, improve the reporting quality, and better inform the decision-making.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence‐Based Medicine","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}