3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management最新文献

{"title":"Biological, Technical, and Financial Feasibilities Study of Spirulina sp. Biomass Production with Modified Commercial Medium in Indonesia","authors":"C. Rilisa, G. Suantika","doi":"10.5614/3bio.2021.3.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/3bio.2021.3.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Spirulina sp. is the most common cyanobacteria commodity used in the bioindustry for functional food, source of protein, bioactive compounds, and biopigment. Production of Spirulina sp. still facing several problems such as high cost of culture medium with the less effective result, especially in developing countries. The medium was modified with commercial chemicals and fertilizers locally available in Indonesia to reduce the production cost. This study aimed to assess the biological, technical, and financial feasibility of Spirulina sp. biomass production using a modified commercial medium. Based on the biological feasibility study, the modified commercial medium (ZK1 and ZK2) gives a similar result to the standard medium, equal for growth rate and protein content. However, the result contains lower fat, carbohydrates, and biopigment. The financial feasibility analysis suggested that the system is feasible starting from 1.2-1.5 kg biomass production in a month. The best result gained on the production capacity of 5 kg biomass using ZK2 medium, with NPV of IDR 183,208,962 (US$12,769), IRR of 73%, B/C ratio of 7.8, and payback period in 7 months. It can be concluded that modified commercial medium was biologically, technically, and financially feasible to be applied in industrial biomass production of Spirulina sp.","PeriodicalId":160459,"journal":{"name":"3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116652236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing the Changes in Land Cover and Land Surface Temperature (LST) in the North Bandung Area (NBA)","authors":"D. Rosleine, M. Irfan","doi":"10.5614/3bio.2021.3.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/3bio.2021.3.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"North Bandung Area (NBA) was designated as a protected area to regulate the water system around Bandung City. Land conversion from vegetated land into built-up areas can decrease groundwater, increase the risk of floods, landslides, and Land Surface Temperature (LST). This study was conducted to describe LST distribution based on land cover types in specific years of 2010, 2014, and 2018. Landsat 5 and 8 Surface Reflectance (SR) Tier 1 imagery data, West Java land cover maps established by BAPPEDA West Java, and RBI administration maps at a scale of 1: 25,000 were used to generate a map of land cover and LST in this research. There are four land cover classes in NBA, i.e., vegetation, water bodies, open areas, and constructed areas. Within eight years observation (2010 to 2018), bare land decreased from 67.6% (2010) to 57.5% (2018). However, coverage of constructed areas increased within eight years of observation from 22.8% to 27.7 %. In addition, due to the reforestation program, vegetation coverage has slightly increased from 9.6% to 14.7%. LST can be classified into three classes, i.e., low, medium, and high temperature. The area with low and medium-class temperatures decreased from 19% to 16% and 61.3% to 51.7%, respectively. However, high LST increased in NBA 18.7% to 30.3%. The enhancement of 5% vegetation area did not significantly reduce land surface temperature in NBA due to forest conversion to constructed area. Therefore, vegetation coverage must be escalated by reforestation program around NBA to reduce land surface temperature.","PeriodicalId":160459,"journal":{"name":"3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management","volume":"64 50","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120817339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Fat Diets-Induced Metabolic Disorders to Study Molecular Mechanism of Hyperlipidemia in Rats","authors":"Harfi Maulana, A. Ridwan","doi":"10.5614/3bio.2021.3.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/3bio.2021.3.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperlipidemia is a lipid metabolism disorder occurring due to consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD), which contributes to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease development. HFD causes metabolic problems in Rodentia animals like human metabolic abnormalities, making it a popular model for studying the signaling systems involved. Hyperlipidemia is a condition in which the body's cholesterol levels elevate. In recent years, several studies have investigated the relationship between HFD feeding and hyperlipidemia and signaling pathways involved in cholesterol homeostasis. However, this signaling mechanism in lipid metabolism has not been fully explained, so additional analysis is needed. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism that occurs from hyperlipidemia due to HFD feeding. The method used is a literature review approach following the PRISMA scheme for selecting the primary literature, including identification, screening, eligibility test, and inclusion. Eleven articles included primary literature with credibility (H-index) of 20, 33, 71, 92, 93, 162, 180, 192, and 332 (six articles from Q1 journals and five from Q2 journals). Long-term administration of HFD directly affects lipid metabolism, including an increase in the concentration of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and a decrease in HDL concentration, followed by an increase in body weight. In addition, HFD also disrupts adipose tissue and insulin resistance. The conclusion of this study is that HFD can cause hyperlipidemia either directly or indirectly by inducing insulin resistance, which contributes to lipid metabolism disorders.  ","PeriodicalId":160459,"journal":{"name":"3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121046882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suitability Analysis of Kampung Pasundan Cisamaya in Mount Ciremai National Park Area as Healing Forest Site","authors":"H. Ramdan, Sheilla Ayu Prameswari, A. Dwiartama","doi":"10.5614/3bio.2021.3.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/3bio.2021.3.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Forests are ecosystems that are comfortable for human health. Spots from the forest ecosystem site suitable for healing forest must be identified. The research aims to analyze the suitability of Kampung Pasundan Cisamaya (KPC) for healing forest activities. The research method refers to the Draft Indonesian National Standard Number 9006:2021 concerning Forest tourism for health therapy (healing forest). The results showed that the KPC site is suitable for healing forest activities. Five reconnection activities with nature, namely invitation by air, invitation by vegetation, invitation by land, invitation by water, and release emotion, can be carried out well in several spots on KPC's healing forest track. Healing forest activities regularly and adequately has a positive impact on health.","PeriodicalId":160459,"journal":{"name":"3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116190388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimasi Frekuensi Pemberian Pakan terhadap Performa Pertumbuhan Udang Putih (Litopenaeus vannamei) pada Fase Grow-out","authors":"Alif Ihsanario, Ahmad Ridwan","doi":"10.5614/3bio.2021.3.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/3bio.2021.3.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Udang putih (Litopenaeus vannamei) merupakan komoditas industri perikanan yang produksinya berkembang pesat sejak awal 1970-an. Indonesia sebagai salah satu sumbangsih pasar ekspor udang putih terbesar di dunia terus berusaha untuk menginkatkan produksi. Dalam meningkatkan produksi udang putih para pelaku budidaya terus diterjang permasalahan seperti performa pertumbuhan yang tidak optimal. Salah satu faktor terbesar yang berpengaruh terhadap performa pertumbuhan serta efisiensi produksi udang putih adalah manajemen pakan yang optimal. Manajemen pakan meliputi frekuensi pemberian pakan, metode pengendalian input pakan dan sebagainya. Studi pustaka ini bertujuan untuk memberikan masukan dalam menentukan frekuensi pemberian pakan yang optimal untuk laju pertumbuhan, sintasan dan feed converison ratio (FCR) dalam produksi udang putih. Metode yang diterapkan pada studi pustaka ini adalah semi-systematic review dengan mengikuti alur PRISMA untuk pencarian pustaka rujukan, yang meliputi identification, screening, eligibility dan inclusion. Delapan pustaka primer didapatkan dari berbagai jurnal, dengan indeks kredibilitas H Index secara berurutan 18, 50, 55, 72, 80, 164 (empat artikel dari jurnal Q1 dan tiga artikel dari jurnal Q2), dan satu artikel dari jurnal yang belum terindeks scopus namun tetap diinklusikan karena relevan terhadap studi pustaka ini. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pakan dengan sistem on-demand (AQ1) memberikan laju pertumbuhan terbaik sebesar 2,45 g/minggu (P < 0,05). Tidak ditemukan pengaruh signifikan dari frekuensi pemberian pakan terhadap sintasan dan FCR (P > 0,05). Frekuensi pemberian pakan yang paling optimal untuk produksi udang putih dalam skala industri adalah dengan sistem on-demand (AQ1). \u0000Kata Kunci: frekuensi, pakan, pertumbuhan, FCR, sintasan, Litopenaeus vannamei","PeriodicalId":160459,"journal":{"name":"3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131993609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CO2 Emission and Absorption Estimation in Bandung City by Implementing CO2 Emission Rate Reduction Simulation Using the Stella Program","authors":"N. Christiani, Y. Hidayat, Sutrisno Trisno","doi":"10.5614/3BIO.2021.3.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/3BIO.2021.3.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Bandung CO2 emissions continue to increase in line with its population. The emissions source comes from the industrial, transportation, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), household, and livestock sectors, whereas CO2 absorption only comes from vegetation through photosynthesis. High CO2 emissions could decrease air quality and reduce environmental health. This study aims to estimate the amount of CO2 emissions and their absorption in Bandung by implementing CO2 Emission Rate Reduction Simulation (CERRS). The simulation comprises four scenarios, namely substitution of vehicle fuel and the application of smart driving techniques, optimization of waste processing in IWPS, processing 90% of livestock waste into biogas, and green space development of 30% of Bandung City area. Estimated CO2 emission and absorption rates were calculated for the next 10 years (2021-2030) using the Stella program version 9.0.2. The results showed that without implementing the CERRS, the amount of CO2 emissions in Bandung in 2030 was estimated to reach 10,983,666.82 tons while implementing the CERRS was 2,361,721.30 tons. Without implementing the CERRS, the estimated amount of CO2 absorptions in 2030 was 214,235.11 tons, while implementing the CERRS was 2,785,703.11 tons. It is expected that the application of the CERRS could reduce the level of CO2 emissions in Bandung by 78.5% and increase CO2 absorptions by 1,200.3%.","PeriodicalId":160459,"journal":{"name":"3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122629575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of MeEf1A6 Gene Promoter Activity with In-vitro and In-vivo using Transient and Stable Expression Techniques in Tobacco Plant (Nicotiana tabacum)","authors":"Galih Gibral Andalusia, S. Suhandono, I. Zainuddin","doi":"10.5614/3BIO.2021.3.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/3BIO.2021.3.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The promoter is a part of the gene that functions in carrying out the gene expression, and its work activity becomes a matter of concern to ensure that expression works effectively. MeEF1A6 (Manihot esculenta Elongation Factor 1 Alfa - 6) is a promoter derived from cassava plants (Manihot esculenta). In previous studies, the MeEF1A6 promoter was successfully isolated, introduced, and characterized into the pBI121 plasmid, replacing the CaMV35S promoter. This study aims to analyze the activity of MeEF1A6 promoters in-vivo and in-vitro by using transient and transgenic techniques in tobacco plants. The pBI121 plasmid containing the MeEF1A6 promoter was introduced into Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AGL1 and LBA4404. The promoter's work was then analyzed by the result of introducing it into the tobacco plant using the transient and stable transformation. The whole part of explants was used for transient study and tested in a minimum of two biological replicates. Sixty sheets of explant leaves that have been cut were used for stable transformation. The promoter work analysis was carried out with the GUS gene expression that integrated with the promoter with histochemical GUS assay. The transient produced a blue color in the roots, stems, and leaves on the whole repetition. The transverse incision in the stem shows the blue color on the epidermis and procambium tissue. Stable transformation using AGL1 as vector produced 43 shoots from 40 calli. A total of 43 shoots were selected with antibiotics and produced 27 plantlets that were successfully grown. Some plantlets are then reacted with x-gluc as histochemical GUS assay substrat and produced a blue color in the explants, indicating that the MeEF1A6 promoter has been successfully introduced. The results indicate that the MeEF1A6 promoter could work on plant tissue in roots, stems, leaves, and tissues that connect meristems such as procambium in tobacco plants. This reinforces the suspicion that the MeEF1A6 promoter performs work constitutionally as a constitutive promoter.   ","PeriodicalId":160459,"journal":{"name":"3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134199248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Bacterial Community level Physiological Profiling on the Fermentation of Traditional Pliek u using BIOLOG EcoPlates","authors":"Suji Edwar, P. Aditiawati","doi":"10.5614/3BIO.2021.3.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/3BIO.2021.3.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Pliek u is an Acehnese traditional condiment made from fermented coconut (Cocos nucifera) endosperm. The traditional pliek u fermentation process typically involves a diverse bacterial community. This research aimed to discover the physiological profile of the bacterial community diversity in pliek u fermentation. BIOLOGTM EcoPlates was used to obtain the physiological functions of the bacterial community during the pliek u fermentation process. The bacteria were then isolated from EcoPlate substrate to determine the predominant microorganism. Results from the analysis showed that the value of the Average Well Colour Development (AWCD) increased during the EcoPlates incubation period. The AWCD values in sample IV were higher than the AWCD values in samples I, II, and III. PCA analysis showed that the use of EcoPlate substrate by the bacterial community at the beginning of the fermentation was correlated with the substrate groups of carbohydrate and polymer, and with the substrate groups of carbohydrate and the amino acid at the end of the fermentation. The phylogenetic analysis showed that EC1 had a close relation with Pseudomonas azotoformans strain NBRC, while EC3 had a close relation with Psedomonas lundensis strain ATCC 49968. In conclusion, there were changes in the use of EcoPlate substrate and the activities of the bacterial community during the pliek u fermentation process.","PeriodicalId":160459,"journal":{"name":"3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132109476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical content in Two Teak Woods (Tectona grandis Linn.F.) that has been used for 2 years and 60 years","authors":"E. Rosamah, Fera Ferliyanti, H. Kuspradini, R. Dungani, P. Aditiawati","doi":"10.5614/3bio.2020.2.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/3bio.2020.2.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Teak ( Tectona grandis Linn F.) is classified as luxury wood and belongs to the durable wood, resistant to termite and fungal attacks. The purposes of this study were to analyze and compare the chemical content and bioactive compound of teak ( T. grandis Linn F.) from Sumedang, West Java based on age of use. This study used teak woods of 2 and 60 years of use. The chemical components analyzed by determination of lignin, extractives, and ash content. Phytochemical compounds were analyzed by color changing of crude acetone extracts. The results showed that the teak wood with 2 years of use possessed lignin of 28.41%; cold water soluble extractives of 4.26%; hot water soluble extract of 5.12%; NaOH 1% soluble extractives of 19, 40; and alcohol:benzene (1:2) soluble extract of 6.21%; while ash content of  0.85%. Meanwhile teak wood after use of 60 years showed the lignin content of 29.82%; cold water  extract of 1.56%; hot water  extract of 2.56%; 1% NaOH soluble extract of 12.30%;  alcohol:benzene (1:2) extract of 4.62%; ash content of 1.36%. The qualitative phytochemical test demonstrated both of teak wood after use of 2 years and use of 60 years contained flavonoids, tannins, triterpenoids, cumarins, and carbohydrates.","PeriodicalId":160459,"journal":{"name":"3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115668705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparison of Alkali and Biological Pretreatment Methods in Napier Grass (Pennisetum purpureum Scumach.) for Reducing Lignin Content in the Bioethanol Production Process","authors":"T. Taufikurahman, W. O. Delimanto","doi":"10.5614/3bio.2020.2.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/3bio.2020.2.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Napier grass is one of lignocellulosic plants that has the potential to be converted as bioethanol due to high productivity and relatively fast harvesting time. However, the problems of processing lignocellulosic plants into bioethanol are the high lignin content and the different lignin structure of each plant. Lignin can inhibit biological agents in accessing cellulose and hemicellulose. Therefore, it is necessary to select and optimize the pretreatment process with the aim of degrading lignin and maintaining the value of the cellulose. This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of two different pretreatments (biological and alkaline) in degrading lignin. For the alkali pretreatment, lime (Ca(OH) 2 ) was added to the Napier grass substrate using concentrations of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.5 grams/gram, which was then incubated at 23-25 o C each within 6, 24, and 96 hours period. For biological pretreatment, Aspergillus niger spore was used as an agent, which was incubated onto the Napier grass substrate using concentrations of 10 6 , 10 7 , and 10 8 cells/mL, an optimal temperature of 35 o C and within 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 days period. As a comparison, Phanerochaete chrysosporium was also incubated using a concentration of 10 6 a temperature of 35 o C within 28 days period. The extracted Napier grass was then analyzed for lignocellulose content, which included hot water soluble, Hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, and ash, using Chesson-Datta method and reducing sugar test. Comparison of biological pretreatment between Aspergillus niger and Phanerochaete chrysosporium showed that Aspergillus niger was better at degrading lignin, with a lignin-to-cellulose ratio of 24.3%, smaller than Phanerochaete chrysosporium at 30.645%. This ratio was furthermore compared with the ratio resulting from Alkali pretreatment, which showed that the former was proven to be more optimum.","PeriodicalId":160459,"journal":{"name":"3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114695438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}