3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management最新文献

{"title":"Bioconversion of Napier Grass Mixed with Soybean Curd Residue Producing Bioethanol through Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation in a Solid State Culture","authors":"T. Taufikurahman, J. Jessica","doi":"10.5614/3bio.2020.2.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/3bio.2020.2.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Napier grass is a promising lignocellulosic biomass for bioethanol production because of its high cellulose content and high annual productivity. Converting a lignocellulosic biomass into a bioethanol usually takes two steps which resulted in a long processing time and sometimes includes the utilization of hazardous chemicals. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation in a solid-state culture using single bioconversion agent, Neurospora sitophila Shear, can reduce the overall processing time and also increase the yield of the products. The research is aimed to determine the optimum aerobic and micro-aerobic conditions that yields the highest enzyme activity and bioethanol concentration from the mixture of Napier grass and soybean curd residue. The saccharification and fermentation process was conducted in the laboratory using an incubator at 33 o C. The cellulase enzyme activity was calculated as FPAse. The highest activity achieved was 0.538 filter paper unit with the optimum mass ratio of Napier grass to soybean curd residue was 1:1 on the second day of cultivation period. The fermentation process was conducted aerobically for two days and then followed by six days of micro-aerobic fermentation, resulting in the highest bioethanol yield of 2.12% (w/w) at the end of the culture period. The optimum mass ratio was found to be 9:1. This study shows that Napier grass and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation method has a great potential for cellulase and bioethanol production, but further improvement on the micro-aerobic system is needed to maximize the bioethanol yield.","PeriodicalId":160459,"journal":{"name":"3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125192687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Feeding Preference of Subterranean Termites (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren) on Wood Decaying Fungi","authors":"Yudi Rismayadi, S. Hartati, Mustika Dewi","doi":"10.5614/3BIO.2019.1.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/3BIO.2019.1.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Subterranean termites, Coptotermes curvignathus (Holmgren) is the most important termite which caused economic losses is very high in Indonesia and other tropical regions. In this studies, the feeding preferences of the subterranean termite, C . curvignathus for decayed wood by some wood rotting fungus were examined to determine whether the presence of wood rotting fungus could alter the relative preference of termites for these decayed wood. The study is expected to find phagostimulant compounds for the development of termite control by baiting techniques.  The results showed that, the decayed wood process by the P. o streotus fungi higher rate of decay compared with other fungus (10.86 + 2.21%), S. commune (10.29 + 1.86%), P. c hrysosporium (6.19 + 1.56%) and Dacriopinac sp (5.02 + 0.95%). Meanwhile, the lowest rate of decay by the T. v ersicolor fungi (4.25 + 0.93%).  Based on the results of this stuies the feeding preference of C. curvigntahus on decayed wood by the P. ostreatus fungi and S. c ommune fungi is higher than the decayed wood by other wood rotting fungus.","PeriodicalId":160459,"journal":{"name":"3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management","volume":"486 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115952077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problems and solutions of rice consumption pattern in West Java","authors":"Mochammad Fikry Pratama, Syaima Rima Saputri, Lydia Nursyamsi, Ika Nur Fariha, Nadya Myrilla, Lutfi Dwi Mulya, Y. Yustiana","doi":"10.5614/3BIO.2019.1.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/3BIO.2019.1.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"West Java is one of the provinces in Indonesia where the staple food is rice. The high ability of rice provisioning  and the government’s encouragement through the policy of uniformed staple food gave a negative impact on rice consumption patterns of West Java population. This pattern of consumption will become a problem when faced with the fact that the rice production area has declined (0.67% per year) and the population increased (1.41% per year).  Based on projection of production and needs of rice, it is predicted that West Java will experience shortages in 2040. Therefore this research aimed to discuss efforts to prevent rice dependency problem. The entire study used case study approach. By using secondary data, basically the government has made many efforts to resolve the problems. In fact, there are some obstacles and the mismatch on results. Therefore the alternative solutions are: a). diversification efforts with rice commodity substitution based on geographical location, b). socialization, c). rice price policy, and c). improved education and economics.","PeriodicalId":160459,"journal":{"name":"3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133087109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uniconazole increases starch content in duckweed (Lemna aequinoctialis Welw.)","authors":"A. Faizal, R. Putra","doi":"10.5614/3BIO.2019.1.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/3BIO.2019.1.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Uniconazole has been used to improve starch production in plants through the regulation of endogenous hormone levels. Here, we reported the effect of this compound on the starch accumulation in a duckweed plant ( Lemna aequinoctialis ). L. aequinoctialis was grown in Hoagland medium supplemented with different uniconazole concentrations: 400, 800, and 1600 mg/L. The results showed that treatment with 800 mg/L uniconazole significantly increased plant growth rate, doubling time and its chlorophyll content. Consequently, the starch content also increased by 1.5 fold upon treatment with 800 mg/L uniconazole. We, therefore, concluded that uniconazole treatment offers an effective means to enhance the production of starch in L. aequinoctialis .","PeriodicalId":160459,"journal":{"name":"3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127615927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated utilization of land and vegetation in secondary forest areas","authors":"Asep Suheri, R. Cahyani, A. K. Hardjana, Endah Sulystiawati","doi":"10.5614/3BIO.2019.1.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/3BIO.2019.1.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Local community’s activities around Labanan forest area for specific purposes already make the area unsafe. Responding to this, land productivity optimization with agroforestry patterns might be applied in the area. Hopefully, through these systems, utilization and productivity of natural forests in Labanan forest area might be optimized in producing food, energy and water conservation, outside its regular function as forestry area. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of the land under treeing forest; generate analytical data of vegetation in the research plots; and determine carbon stocks undergrowth. The research method was soil sampling, vegetation analyzes and sampling of undergrowth plant biomass. Based on laboratory analysis result, soil pH ranging between 5-7, N Total <0.3%, P Total <49 mg P 2 O 5 .100g -1 , K Total between 2-8 mg K 2 O.100g -1 , and the organic carbon content on soil <2.1%. The vegetations dominated by cunday ( Saraca declinata ) as many as 43 trees/ha with basal area 21.55 m 2 . ha -1 . The highest important value index (IVI) shown by the type of vegetation cunday ( Saraca declinata ) amounted to 51.43% and the lowest was shown by bintangur ( Callophyllum sp) amounted to 2.89%. Stock carbon undergrowth on research area ranged from 1.470 to 1.752ton C. ha -1 .","PeriodicalId":160459,"journal":{"name":"3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127605750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Government policy statements related to rice problems in Indonesia: Review","authors":"Nico Harro Silalahi, Rizdha Okkianty Yudha, Evita Izza Dwiyanti, Desiana Zulvianita, Salsabilla Nur Feranti, Y. Yustiana","doi":"10.5614/3BIO.2019.1.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/3BIO.2019.1.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Rice policy is an important element in food security. In its control, the government regulates food management through Logistics Affairs Agency of Indonesia (Bulog). This research aimed to examine government policy related to rice problem in Indonesia using descriptive qualitative analysis method through literature study. The policy of fulfillment of rice needs in Indonesia has been done since the beginning of independence until now. The high demand of the Indonesian people on rice commodities caused fluctuations in rice availability which had an impact on the unstable price, plus the unavailability of enough land to increase domestic rice productivity. Rice import activities are being undertaken from several neighboring countries to address the problem, with the largest number of imports occurring in 2011 over the last 15 years, and the least imports occurring in 2005. The government through Bulog controls the stability of rice stocks and prices for producers through basic price instruments, marketing, rice distribution (post-production), and the supply of staples at the consumer level. In addition, the government through the Community Food Business Development (PUPM) launched the Indonesian Farmer Shop (TTI) program that sells foodstuffs, including rice, at low prices. This program is created as a form of solution to the high price of food demand in Indonesia as a result of the length of the supply chain so the food supply system becomes inefficient. The government has also set the highest retail price policy (HET) and cost of goods sold (HPP) as an effort to stabilize the price of major food commodities in Indonesia, including rice. In the application of HET and HPP values have undergone some changes but still can not achieve price stabilization and improve the economy of farmers, especially small farmers. It is advisable that government policies related to HET and HPP through the Regulation of the Minister of Trade should pay attention for actual price fluctuations and should be distinguished based on the quality of rice, so that price stabilization and the desire to promote farmers in Indonesia can be realized.","PeriodicalId":160459,"journal":{"name":"3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115009659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technology adaptation to climate change in level producers rice in West Java","authors":"F. Liesdiana, Ni Putu Sekar Trisnaning Laksemi, R. Fachria, Salma Nursaadah, Yanyan Ahmad Hoesen, A. A. Z. I'lanul, Y. Yustiana","doi":"10.5614/3BIO.2019.1.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/3BIO.2019.1.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change has a negative impact on rice production in Indonesia. This research was conducted to identify problems caused by climate change on agriculture, identify the technology to address climate change, and analyze the technological adaptation to encounter the climate change problems in West Java. Problems arising from climate change include increasing air temperature, rainy season shift, and prolonged drought. The impact of climate change on agricultural land in West Java is prolonged drought and land degradation. The most appropriate technology to be applied in West Java in order to address climate change is System of Rice Intensification (SRI). SRI rice cultivation can save water up to 30% compared to conventional cultivation, so it can be applied when the water resources was limited. SRI method that has been applied in West Java shows that organic rice farming produces more rice than inorganic farming. The productivity of inorganic farming are 6.0 - 7.0 tons / ha, whereas the SRI organic farming could produce 8 - 9.2 tons / ha grain. The application of the SRI method in Cibarengkok Village, Bojong Picung, West Java produces 7-8 tons / ha of grain, while the conventional method yields 4-5 tons / ha of grain.","PeriodicalId":160459,"journal":{"name":"3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132753599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection of Indonesian Medicinal Plant Active Compounds as Inhibitor Candidates of Oncoproteins E6 and E7 Human Papillomavirus Type 16 by Molecular Docking","authors":"Riyanti Weni Syafitri, A. Fibriani, Reza Aditama","doi":"10.5614/3bio.2021.3.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/3bio.2021.3.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Cervical cancer cases caused by infection with Human Papillomavirus (HPV), especially HPV 16 (60.5% of cases) continue to increase every year with a high mortality rate. The current anti-cancer drugs were not only specifically targeting cancer cells, but healthy cells and can cause serious side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to find safer alternative therapies, e.g., using active compounds from natural products. The purpose of this study was to find the active compounds of Indonesian medicinal plants potentially as an inhibitor of oncoprotein E6 and E7 HPV 16, the main protein causing cervical cancer by in silico method. In this study, 711 active compounds from 187 medicinal plant species were selected based on molecular weight, solubility, gastrointestinal absorption index, and drug-likeness. Compounds that meet the criteria were tested for their affinity and interaction profile with E6 and E7 proteins through the molecular docking method. The results of this study showed 164 compounds that met the criteria. The molecular docking analysis showed nine of the most potent compounds as E6 inhibitors on the E6AP binding site and six compounds on the p53 binding site. Besides that, there were eleven most potent compounds as E7 inhibitors.  The results of this study indicate that there are natural compounds that can inhibit E6 and E7 proteins and have further potential to be used as anti-HPV drugs. However, further research is needed to test these compounds in vitro and in vivo.","PeriodicalId":160459,"journal":{"name":"3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134215992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}