{"title":"Do headaches impact pregnancy planning behaviors? A cross-sectional school-based study in Japan.","authors":"Masahito Katsuki, Yasuhiko Matsumori, Muneto Tatsumoto, Keisuke Suzuki, Daiki Sato, Koki Kikugawa, Shigeharu Kamado, Siobhán O'Connor, Kieran Moran","doi":"10.1186/s10194-025-02100-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s10194-025-02100-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Headache disorders are a common neurological disease with socioeconomic burdens among individuals of reproductive age, yet little is known about its impact on fertility intentions. This study examined the association between headache characteristics and fertility intention among parents of school-aged children with headaches in Japan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We prospectively conducted a school-based online survey for students' parents in Tsubame City, Japan, in 2024. We asked about their age, sex, headache characteristics, the use of acute and prophylactic medications; monthly headache days (MHD); monthly acute medication intake days (AMD); Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6); Migraine Interictal Burden Scale-4 (MIBS-4); and the number of children. We also examined the impact of headaches on pregnancy plans by asking, \"Are you avoiding or have you avoided pregnancy due to headaches?\" and those who answered \"yes\" to this question were defined as the \"avoid pregnancy group.\"</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 5,227 households, we received 1,127 (21.6%) responses, and 599 responses from parents with headaches were analyzed. The median (first quartile-third quartile) age was 43 (40-48) years, and 562 (93.8%) were female. They reported median MHD: 3 (1-4) days, AMD: 3 (1-6) days, HIT-6: 60 (58-68), and MIBS-4: 4 (2-8). Fifty (8.3%) used prophylactic medications, and 492 (82.1%) used acute medications for headache attacks. The median number of children was 2 (2-2). Twenty-two of the 562 female respondents (3.9%) answered that they were avoiding or had avoided pregnancy due to headaches. Both the HIT-6 score (median 58 [53-64] vs. 63 [59-66], p = 0.033) and the MIBS-4 score (4 [2-7] vs. 6 [4-7], p = 0.012) were significantly higher in the avoid pregnancy group. Multivariable analysis showed that avoid pregnancy group was significantly associated with: older age (odds ratio [OR] 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-1.29, p = 0.004), shorter headache duration (OR 0.91: 95%CI 0.85-0.98, p = 0.016), and a greater number of MHD (1.08, 95%CI: 1.01-1.16, p = 0.031), the presence of nausea or vomiting (OR 6.11, 95%CI: 1.46-25.60, p = 0.013), and phonophobia (OR 6.40, 95%CI: 1.71-23.99, p = 0.006). The avoid pregnancy group was more likely to express concerns about disability during pregnancy, parenting, and potential harm from medications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Some of the respondents were avoiding or had avoided pregnancy because of their headaches. Those in the avoid pregnancy group had both ictal and interictal severe headache burden and felt that headache disorders negatively affected fertility intention.</p>","PeriodicalId":16013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Headache and Pain","volume":"26 1","pages":"156"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12231698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144564774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shared neural signatures of photophobia in migraine and post-traumatic headache: a task-based fMRI study.","authors":"Rune Häckert Christensen, Haidar Muhsen Al-Khazali, Anna Gudrun Melchior, Messoud Ashina, Håkan Ashina","doi":"10.1186/s10194-025-02088-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s10194-025-02088-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Persistent post-traumatic headache (PTH) and migraine frequently present with photic hypersensitivity that exacerbates headache symptoms. We sought to determine whether persistent PTH is associated with altered brain responses to visual stimuli and to explore shared neural mechanisms of photophobia with migraine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study included 80 adults with persistent PTH, 261 with migraine, and 143 healthy controls (HCs). All participants underwent visual stimulation using a flickering checkerboard during a 3T fMRI session. Blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) responses were examined using whole-brain and region-of-interest (ROI) analyses. All analyses were adjusted for age and sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Whole-brain analysis revealed no significant BOLD differences across the full persistent PTH, migraine, and HC groups. However, participants with persistent PTH who experienced photophobia during the scan (n = 41) showed greater activation in the anterior and midcingulate cortex compared with HCs (P<sub>FWE</sub> = 0.010). No differences were observed between photophobic participants with persistent PTH and those with migraine who reported an attack during the fMRI session. ROI analyses identified greater activation in the anterior cingulate, midcingulate, and insular cortices in both photophobic participants with persistent PTH and ictal participants with migraine, relative to HCs (all P < 0.05). No significant differences were found between photophobic participants with persistent PTH and ictal participants with migraine.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Photophobia in persistent PTH is associated with greater activation in cortical regions implicated in pain processing. These patterns parallel those observed during migraine attacks, indicating shared neural mechanisms between the two headache disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":16013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Headache and Pain","volume":"26 1","pages":"154"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12231636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M Lanteri-Minet, C Casarotto, O Bretin, C Collin, M Gugenheim, V Raclot, A Cases, P A Squara, W Aissani, A Saighi, H Lefebvre
{"title":"Prevalence, characteristics and management of migraine patients with triptan failure in primary care: the EMR France-Mig study.","authors":"M Lanteri-Minet, C Casarotto, O Bretin, C Collin, M Gugenheim, V Raclot, A Cases, P A Squara, W Aissani, A Saighi, H Lefebvre","doi":"10.1186/s10194-025-02086-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s10194-025-02086-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The most used treatments for migraine attacks are triptans, yet a considerable proportion of the population develops treatment failure over time due to ineffectiveness, side effects, and/or contraindications. The aim of the France-Mig study was to quantify the population with triptan failure due to ineligibility or resistance, in the primary care setting, and describe their therapeutic management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The France-Mig study was a retrospective analysis of a cohort of patients suffering from migraine in 2022 identified using data from the IQVIA electronic medical records (EMR). Patients were identified using either a migraine diagnosis (ICD-10 G43) or a prescription for migraine-specific drugs. Triptan failure was defined as patients with triptan ineligibility (having a contraindication listed in the summary of product characteristics of triptan or aged over 65 years old) or triptan resistance (unsuccessful intake of two different triptans, following the 2022 European Headache Federation consensus definition).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 16,888 adult patients with migraine diagnosis or migraine-specific treatment prescribed in 2022 and with at least 5 years of look back period were included (after extrapolation, it was estimated that 1,440,169 adults consulted a general practitioner in primary care for migraine in 2022 in metropolitan France, which corresponds to 2.78% of the French population). Among the 16,888 patients fulfilling inclusion criteria, 4,509 (26.7%) were identified as having triptan failure, including 4,024 (23.8%) ineligible patients (1,364 [8.1%] with cardiovascular contraindications for triptans, 700 [4.1%] with non-cardiovascular contraindications, 2,055 [12.2%] with age superior or equal to 65 years) and 604 (3.6%) with triptan resistance. A total of 1,384 (53.9%) patients with ineligibility were prescribed a triptan (after their ineligibility). Among patients with triptan resistance, 273 (45.2%) were prescribed at least 3 different triptan molecules and 41 (6.8%) were prescribed at least 4 different triptan molecules.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Triptans failed in more than a quarter of patients. The high proportion of patients treated with triptan despite contraindication showed a substantial unmet therapeutic need, warranting further research and tailored approaches to improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Headache and Pain","volume":"26 1","pages":"153"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12220805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ľubica Joppeková, Maria João Pinto, Mariana Dias da Costa, Richard Boček, Gabriele Berman, Yones Salim, Dinara Akhtanova, Aizhana Abzalbekova, Antoinette MaassenVanDenBrink, Christian Lampl
{"title":"What does a migraine aura look like?-A systematic review.","authors":"Ľubica Joppeková, Maria João Pinto, Mariana Dias da Costa, Richard Boček, Gabriele Berman, Yones Salim, Dinara Akhtanova, Aizhana Abzalbekova, Antoinette MaassenVanDenBrink, Christian Lampl","doi":"10.1186/s10194-025-02080-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s10194-025-02080-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Migraine with aura is a prevalent neurological disorder that affects up to 30% of individuals experiencing migraines. It presents as temporary neurological disturbances, primarily visual, but also includes sensory, speech, motor, and brainstem symptoms. The underlying pathophysiology is closely tied to cortical spreading depression, which initiates neurovascular and inflammatory changes. Epidemiological studies show significant variations in the prevalence of migraine with aura across different demographics, with a more pronounced effect observed among women. Genetic research has identified both common and rare variants that influence susceptibility to migraine with aura, with genome-wide association studies revealing distinct risk loci. Neuroimaging studies indicate structural and functional alterations in cortical and subcortical areas, reinforcing the role of altered brain connectivity in migraine with aura. Additional studies, including various neurophysiological techniques (such as EEG, VEP, or TMS), are needed to potentially identify specific patterns within MA that would help better characterise clinical and electrophysiological phenotypes. Differential diagnosis is essential, as migraine aura symptoms may overlap with a wide range of primarily neurological paroxysmal disorders. While the treatment of migraine traditionally prioritises the headache, there is limited evidence for targeted therapies addressing aura symptoms; further research is warranted. This systematic review offers a comprehensive synthesis of aura types, epidemiology, genetics, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of migraine with aura, emphasising areas for future exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":16013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Headache and Pain","volume":"26 1","pages":"149"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12210593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144540498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High prevalence of primary headaches among patients with post-traumatic stress disorder: an observational study of consecutive patients.","authors":"Hugues Magne, Bruno Pereira, Xavier Moisset","doi":"10.1186/s10194-025-02094-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s10194-025-02094-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Headache and Pain","volume":"26 1","pages":"150"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12210609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144540495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identification of comorbid genes between type 2 diabetes and migraine through peripheral blood single-cell and Mendelian randomization analysis.","authors":"Bobo Yuan, Jianrui Li, Qing Shu, Xiaoye Wang, Guogang Luo, Ranran Ma","doi":"10.1186/s10194-025-02090-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s10194-025-02090-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, Migraine is a common chronic neurological disease caused by increased excitability of the central nervous system, both exerting substantial health burdens. However, the shared genetic basis and underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unexplored. This study integrates single-cell data and Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to identify comorbidity-associated genes and elucidate potential mechanistic links between these two conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single-cell datasets from T2DM and migraine were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). MR analysis was employed to prioritize key causal genes, followed by network-based functional characterization, disease-drug association analysis, cell annotation, and pseudo-time trajectory modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of single-cell data identified 2,128 migraine-associated and 3,833 T2DM-associated genes, with 714 genes shared between the two diseases. MR analysis highlighted AP4E1 and HSD17B12 as key regulators implicated in both conditions. Network analysis further linked these genes to lipid metabolism and vesicle transport pathways. Computational predictions revealed common comorbidities, including metabolic dysregulation and chemical-induced liver injury, as well as potential therapeutic agents such as valproic acid and bisphenol A. Single-cell annotation identified six major immune cell types in T2DM (T cells, NK cells, B cells, CD14 monocytes, CD16 monocytes, and dendritic cells), with T cells emerging as central players. In migraine, five immune cell types were identified (CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, B cells, NK cells, and monocytes), with monocytes being the predominant cell type. Pseudo-time analysis delineated seven subpopulations of T cells and four subpopulations of monocytes, suggesting distinct functional trajectories in disease pathogenesis. However, due to the use of peripheral blood-derived single-cell data, genes primarily expressed in the central nervous system, such as CALCA and RAMP1, could not be detected, limiting the identification of certain migraine-specific pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This single-cell data and MR analysis investigation identifies AP4E1 and HSD17B12 as pivotal genetic determinants in T2DM-migraine comorbidity, shedding light on their molecular interplay and potential therapeutic relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":16013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Headache and Pain","volume":"26 1","pages":"151"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12220578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144540496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Faisal Mohammad Amin, Thor Linnet, Christopher Kjaer Cullum, Thien Phu Do, Samaira Younis
{"title":"Tolerability of switch from erenumab to fremanezumab in adults with chronic migraine: a 3-month, single-center, prospective, real-world, observational study.","authors":"Faisal Mohammad Amin, Thor Linnet, Christopher Kjaer Cullum, Thien Phu Do, Samaira Younis","doi":"10.1186/s10194-025-02087-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s10194-025-02087-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Headache and Pain","volume":"26 1","pages":"152"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12219238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144540497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}