K. Yamada, Sou Morisita, M. Kutsuna, Takeshi Ikeda
{"title":"Direct diode laser cladding of Co based alloy to dual phase stainless steel for repairing the machinery parts","authors":"K. Yamada, Sou Morisita, M. Kutsuna, Takeshi Ikeda","doi":"10.1117/12.497957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.497957","url":null,"abstract":"The investigation of Laser cladding of Co-based super alloy on dual phase stainless steel have been curried out to repair the mechanical parts of power plant using 3 kW direct diode laser with high efficiency and a rectangular beam profile. In the present work, effects of process parameters such as laser power output, travel speed and defocusing distance were investigated to get a sound clad layer for repairing of the parts. Comparing the clad by conventional CO2 laser and YAG laser, wide weld bead, less dilution and less distortion could be obtained in high power diode laser cladding. This repairing technique using diode laser with a small volume is desirable for practical application to the site maintenance on parts of various kinds of plants such as power plant, chemical plant, steel plant, paper plant, etc.","PeriodicalId":159280,"journal":{"name":"International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121717731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Flexible laser welding of tailored blanks in small batch series","authors":"C. Bagger, F. Olsen","doi":"10.1117/12.486495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.486495","url":null,"abstract":"In a EU Craft project including eight partners in five countries, the most important aspects regarding efficient and low cost manufacture by small and medium sized enterprises (SME) of tailored blanks has been systematically investigated. In this paper, small batch series laser welding of tailored blanks in SME will be described. This includes the design, development and systematic use of a flexible and low cost clamping device as well as the practical experience obtained on the job shop through systematic optimization of welding of tailored blanks with even and uneven thickness (0.75 and 1.25 mm). A clamping device that is able to hold finished parts up to 1 x 1 m is successfully manufactured and tested. A special arrangement with alignment needles along the weld line is used to precisely position the sheets. These needles are turned into the clamping device during welding, where root shielding is employed. Hydraulic presses hold down the sheets, so they move less than 0.01 mm during welding. High quality tailored blank welds are successfully manufactured in ten different combinations, including mild steel and medium strength steel with even and uneven thickness with and without zinc coating.","PeriodicalId":159280,"journal":{"name":"International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122548749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Folded resonator for reactor-pumped 3He/Ar/Xe systems","authors":"W. Shen, Zhaogu Cheng, J. Wan, Huijie Huang","doi":"10.1117/12.497937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.497937","url":null,"abstract":"A folded resonator for pulsed reactor-pumped lasers (RPL) is presented, which has a zigzag propagation inside and high coupling efficiency with the nuclear reactor. The equivalent length of gain cell in this device is multiplied. Thus higher optical intensity may be coupled out when high reflectors are available. For a 3He/Ar/Xe system, the energy loading is relatively uniform and the appropriate size for resonator can be easily achieved by calculations. A method for optimizing of outcoupling is discussed in the work as well.","PeriodicalId":159280,"journal":{"name":"International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125270207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanism of pore formation during keyhole laser spot welding","authors":"A. Kaplan, M. Mizutani, S. Katayama, A. Matsunawa","doi":"10.1117/12.497914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.497914","url":null,"abstract":"Theoretical and experimental studies have been carried out in order to improve the understanding of the mechanism of pore formation in keyhole laser spot welding in a qualitative and also quantitative manner. A semi-analytical mathematical model of the keyhole collapse illustrates the different characteristic time scales of the contributing physical processes: post-vaporization (order of magnitude: 100 ns typically), excess keyhole vapor relaxation flow 10 μs), inertia driven collapse (100 μs), followed by bubble contraction, re-condensation and rising (10 ms), and re-solidification (10 ms). The conditions of the keyhole just before switching off the laser beam, observed by X-ray imaging, are essential for the subsequent collapse mechanism. In case of a bottleneck-shaped keyhole, which can easily form due to the paradox of vapor flow inversion, bubble formation is likely to occur due to necking. When the thermally contracting bubble is trapped by the re-solidification front, a pore is formed. The model is complementary to high speed X-ray observations of the keyhole shape, particularly in liquid Zn that enables investigation of keyhole and bubble formation not constrained by surrounding solid.","PeriodicalId":159280,"journal":{"name":"International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing","volume":"188 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117304466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Takasaki, Y. Tsujioka, M. Fukuda, Shinichi Matsubara, S. Kawato, Takao Kobayashi
{"title":"End-pumped thin-rod Yb:YAG amplifier for laser processing","authors":"S. Takasaki, Y. Tsujioka, M. Fukuda, Shinichi Matsubara, S. Kawato, Takao Kobayashi","doi":"10.1117/12.497932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.497932","url":null,"abstract":"The Yb (ytterbium) laser material is promising for high-power all-solid-state ultrashort pulse lasers because of its high quantum efficiency and wide gain spectrum. A didoe end-pumped technology is developed for high-average-power and efficient all-solid state ultrashort pulse lasers with high beam quality output. Two 100 W CW-LDs are used for pumping and the beams are focused on the end surfaces of a thin and long Yb:YAG rod. A pair of parallel side surfaces of the rod is placed in contact with cupper heat sinks to remove heat. A one-dimensional distribution of thermal stress induced birefringence was observed in the rod by this simple heat flow. The loss due to thermal birefringence was measured to be smaller than 3%, when the probe beam was linearly polarized in parallel or perpendicular to the direction of cooling. It can be expected theoretically that a moderate single-path gain of 4 for efficient amplification and the optical conversion efficiency of 50% are realized for multimode operation with a pump power of 200 W. In the experiment, output power was measured to be 55 W with beam quality factor of Mx2 x My2 = 5.5 x 6.0 and 27 W with Mx2 x My2 = 1.3 x 1.4 for simple plane-plane linear cavity configuration with no thermal lens compensations.","PeriodicalId":159280,"journal":{"name":"International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116803901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hybrid welding of hollow section beams for a telescopic lifter","authors":"Petteri Jernstroem","doi":"10.1117/12.497770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.497770","url":null,"abstract":"Modern lifting equipment is normally constructed using hollow section beams in a telescopic arrangement. Telescopic lifters are used in a variety number of applications including e.g. construction and building maintenance. Also rescue sector is one large application field. It is very important in such applications to use a lightweight and stable beam construction, which gives a high degree of flexibility in working high and width. To ensure a high weld quality of hollow section beams, high efficiency and minimal distortion, a welding process with a high power density is needed. The alternatives, in practice, which fulfill these requirements, are laser welding and hybrid welding. In this paper, the use of hybrid welding process (combination of CO2 laser welding and GMAW) in welding of hollow section beam structure is presented. Compared to laser welding, hybrid welding allows wider joint tolerances, which enables joints to be prepared and fit-up less accurately, aving time and manufacturing costs. A prerequisite for quality and effective use of hybrid welding is, however, a complete understanding of the process and its capabilities, which must be taken into account during both product design and manufacture.","PeriodicalId":159280,"journal":{"name":"International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117035099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fan shaped cracking test of aluminum alloys in laser welding","authors":"M. Kutsuna, Keiichiro Shido, T. Okada","doi":"10.1117/12.497901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.497901","url":null,"abstract":"Laser welding process of aluminum alloys are recognized as an important producting system increasingly recently in automobile and electronics industries. However, even if the alloy is welded in the proper welding condition, depending on an alloy, weld defects, such as a solidification crack and porosity, occur, and it has been a problem. In the present work, the Fan-shaped solidification crack test method was investigated to evaluate the crack susceptibility of the alloy and to solve the problem. The solidification crack, which occurs in bead-on-plate, welding at an angle to the edge of the specimen, and spread in various aluminum alloy welds from the start of bead evaluation of solidification crack susceptibility was tried by measuring the crack length. Moreover, the same experiment was conducted using the adaptive mirror, which the focal point is changed by 0 to 1000 Hz in the beam direction. By oscillating the focal point of laser beam, weld pool and keyhole were stabilized and it result in reducing solidification crack susceptibility.","PeriodicalId":159280,"journal":{"name":"International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127234788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Mori, S. Takemura, Takuma K. M. Nakamura, Youichi Yamamoto
{"title":"Application of laser welding for body in white","authors":"K. Mori, S. Takemura, Takuma K. M. Nakamura, Youichi Yamamoto","doi":"10.1117/12.497742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.497742","url":null,"abstract":"YAG laser welding for body in white has been developed and applied to the joint of the roof and body side of the new Skyline. Several laser welding features, such as one-side welding and continuous welding can be used to, improve joint structure. To install laser facilities in body assembly shops, we have developed a reliable facility and gap control system.","PeriodicalId":159280,"journal":{"name":"International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127479898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jing-bo Wang, M. Watanabe, Y. Goto, K. Fujii, Hiroyuki Kuriaki, M. Satoh, J. Ikeda, K. Fujimoto
{"title":"Development of high speed laser soldering process for lead-free solder with diode-laser","authors":"Jing-bo Wang, M. Watanabe, Y. Goto, K. Fujii, Hiroyuki Kuriaki, M. Satoh, J. Ikeda, K. Fujimoto","doi":"10.1117/12.497966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.497966","url":null,"abstract":"The compactness of electronic equipments is leading the narrow pitch assembly of components on board or film by soldering. Diode-laser soldering system had already been realized as a high-density assembly process; however, the soldering quality became unstable when the system targeted to achieve short time, such as sub second, soldering, i.e. high productivity. A high speed soldering process for lead-free solder with diode-laser was developed. By measuring soldering temperature profiles of chips on film, it was found that the time period for soldering temperature reaching melting point at both sides of chip, which was over 0.6 sec, determined the soldering quality. According to SEM observation and EDS analysis, diffusion and inter-metallic layers, which were determined by plated materials of land, formed near the boundary of solder and land.","PeriodicalId":159280,"journal":{"name":"International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126192025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peter Mueller-Hummel, Stefan Ferstl, Marcus Sengotta, R. Lang
{"title":"Laser beam welding of high stressed, complex aircraft structural parts","authors":"Peter Mueller-Hummel, Stefan Ferstl, Marcus Sengotta, R. Lang","doi":"10.1117/12.497719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.497719","url":null,"abstract":"Laser beam welding of primary aircraft structures manufactured from aluminum alloys is considered to have a great potential in cost saving. In order to evaluate this advantage, a technology program has been adopted at EADS, Military Aircraft. The goal was to manufacture air intake shells for the Eurofighter in a cost efficient way. Stretch formed skins and machined stiffeners are joined together with laser beam welding. The baseline for a comparison in terms of cost and weight was the conventional process based on stretch forming of thick plates and subsequent milling. The major tasks of the program have been the optimization of the twin focus laser beam welding process and the proof of the structural integrity including weld strength evaluation.","PeriodicalId":159280,"journal":{"name":"International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129145282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}