Ukrainian Linguistics最新文献

{"title":"Communicative and formal-grammatical structure of sentences-utterances with quantity predicates","authors":"I. Aribzhanova","doi":"10.17721/um/50(2020).76-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/um/50(2020).76-90","url":null,"abstract":"The article characterizes the communicative and formal-grammatical structure of sentences with quantity predicates of the type ЇХ БУЛО СІМ. Ukrainian linguists divide such sentences into genitive subject and numeral predicate, taking into account the semantic and positional criteria (left-handed subject, quantitative predicate).\u0000\u0000The author of the study differentiates aspects of sentence organization by criteria: intonation-positional means (communicative aspect), syntactic connections (formal-grammatical aspect).\u0000\u0000Communicative analysis shows that such sentences are one of the options of sentence implementation in speech. In the communicative paradigm of a sentence they relate to an articulated and contextually dependent type of utterance (complex theme – genitive noun and verb – denote given, rheme – numeral – denotes new). Numerous examples of sentences with the same morphological set of words (independent numeral, dependent noun, verb) show the relations between members of the communicative paradigm of the sentence; the question of specificity of semantics of noun and verb components is considered.\u0000\u0000Formal-grammatical analysis reflects the structure of a two-member sentence that combines a complex subject (an integral connection of the main nominative-numeral and the dependent genitive-noun) and a simple verb predicate (conditional-grammatical agreement with the subject).\u0000\u0000The communicative structure of the sentence is derived, because it was formed as a result of rupture of the complex subject and transfer of the genitive noun to the initial position of the sentence-utterance.\u0000\u0000Conclusions about the asymmetric nature of relations between different levels of articulation of this type of sentence-utterance were made.","PeriodicalId":159224,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Linguistics","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127933199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inversion as the Concept of Communicative Grammar","authors":"I. Aribzhanova","doi":"10.17721/UM/49(2019).62-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/UM/49(2019).62-83","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the problem of the syntactic status of inversion. The material of the research is the simple sentences-utterances of the Ukrainian language. The concept of communicative inversion and the concept of formal inversion are defined. These concepts reflect different aspects of the division of a sentence – by communicative components (for example, rheme + theme) and by the members of a sentence (for example, predicate + subject). Two meanings of the concept of communicative inversion are defined: firstly, communicative inversion is the intonational-positional transfer of the most important semantic-informational part of a sentence (or the words of the syntactic group, or syntagma) from the final position to the initial or middle position (method of forming the utterance); secondly, communicative inversion is a sentence structure opposed to the basic structure as a derivative (expressive utterance). Communicative analysis shows that formal inversion is functionally subordinated to the communicative structure of the sentence-utterance. It serves as the main method of forming contextually dependent utter-ances (changes the actual division of a sentence). Formal inversion is optional in expressive utterances. The result of the study is the classification of the main types of basic sentences-utterances and the methods of forming communicative inversion (full and partial) in the Ukrainian language. The typology is implemented according to the following principles: communicative non-division / division, contextual independence / dependence of utterances, correlation of communicative components with the members of a sentence or connections of the members of a sentence. The first type combines basic sentences-utterances with an undivided predicative group. The second type includes basic sentences with a divided predicative group.","PeriodicalId":159224,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Linguistics","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131432886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Archaic formulas of language etiquette as a representation of the specifics of the language picture of the world of Ukrainians","authors":"Lidiia Hnatiuk","doi":"10.17721/um/52(2022).5-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/um/52(2022).5-18","url":null,"abstract":"The article on the material of historical and dialect dictionaries, paroemias from the collections “Ukrainian proverbs, sayings, and the like” (collected by M. Nomys) and “Galician-Ukrainian folk tales” (collected, arranged and explained by Ivan Franko), as well as philosophical dialogues of H. Skovoroda, which represent the communication of educated Ukrainians of the 18th century, and interludes of the 17th–18th centuries, texts by I. Nekrashevych and “Aeneid” by I. Kotlyarevskyi, which show the folk formulas of language etiquette, considers the specifics of communicative behavior and language etiquette of Ukrainians of the past, including archaic etiquette formulas of greeting, farewell, apology, gratitude in different life situations that represented the specifics of the language picture of the world of our ancestors, in projection onto common forms of language etiquette, which are widely used today. Some of the formulas of language etiquette (including greeting, farewell, gratitude and apology), spread over the past centuries, are now almost completely obsolete (бодай здоров, будьте вибáчні до мене, Велик спасибог, добридóсвіток, магáй-бі, помагай-бі, помагай-бу; спаси Біг, спасибі благодарствую) or perceived by modern speakers as etiquette expressions with an archaic connotation (здрастуйте, ходи здоров, ходіть здорові, ідіть здорові, здорові ночуйте, простіть мені). Salutatory mini-dialogues, which clearly regulated what the one who greets first says, and what the interlocutor answers (Помагайбі! – Бодай здоров!; Бувайте здорові! – Ідіть здорові / Ходіть Здорові!) have become obsolete too. As a phenomenon of the communicative practice of Ukrainians in different areas remained the distinction добридень and день добрий (to those who were more respected) in Zhytomyr region, добрúдень (greetings in the morning) and день дóбрий (during the day and in the evening) in Kyiv region, etc. Although today’s Ukrainians may perceive certain elements of language etiquette of previous centuries as Russian (благодарствую), in fact, such components were common in Ukrainian language of the 16th – first half of the 17th century (long before Ukraine’s accession to Russia), and were an organic component of the language picture of the world of Ukrainians in the past.","PeriodicalId":159224,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Linguistics","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134543245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Uninterpretable” cretan alphabetical inscriptions: “eteocretan” as phrygian?","authors":"Iurii L Mosenkis","doi":"10.17721/um/50(2020).31-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/um/50(2020).31-41","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to an old problem of several “Eteocretan” (i.e. “true Cretan”) inscriptions in Greek alphabet, found in Classical Crete (dated to c. 6–4 c. BC), but not interpreted in Greek until the present time. Despite several hypotheses, the problem remains unsolved. However, this enigma is very important to reconstruct the ethno-linguistic map of ancient Crete as the craddle of Minoan civilization and the oldest interpretable scripts in Europe (Cretan hieroglyphs and Linear A). According to a commonly accepted view, the “Eteocretan” inscriptions can be a rest of “Pre-Greek” languages of the island – despite the “Eteocretan” and the Linear A inscriptions demonstrate no common linguistic features.\u0000\u0000The present author proposes an interpretation of the “Eteocretan” language as Phrygian. The latter was a close relative to Ancient Greek, splitted from it c. 4000 BC. This hypothesis correlates with another idea of the same author – of the presence of some Phrygian phonetic features in the language of Cretan hieroglyphs. Some “satem” elements of Phrygian, Cretan hieroglyphs, and Eteocretan (the name of Praisos as possible homonym of the “satem” Indo-European name of pig) make a system.\u0000\u0000Summarizing, Eteocretan looks like Phrygian, more or less Graecianized. In some inscriptions, loaned lexical elements are Greek whereas basic lexical and grammatical elements are Phrygian. In such way, a conundrum of “Greek vs non-Greek” Eteocretan inscriptions can be solved.","PeriodicalId":159224,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Linguistics","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133067951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linguo-cultural Nature of the Concept “Native Land” in the Early Poetry of V. Stus","authors":"T. Vilchynska","doi":"10.17721/UM/49(2019).84-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/UM/49(2019).84-93","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of the linguo-mental nature of the concept “native land” in the early poetic work of the well-known Ukrainian writer of the sixties V. Stus. The topicality of the theme, on the one hand, is determined by the linguo-conceptual and linguo- cultural approaches that are the key to understanding the cultural values of the people and make it possible to stratify the linguistic and cultural nature of individual concepts at different stages of language development and to establish the specifics of the linguistic personality, and, on the other, the research interest in the poetic heritage of V. Stus, an artist who became personification of his time. The collection “Winter Trees” was the material of the study, which presents an early, but important period of creativity of the poet, that remains little studied. The purpose of the article was to determine the linguo-cultural nature of the concept “native land”. The analysis showed the cognitive diversity of the concept, which is manifested by the branched system of verbalizers, including land, earth, Ukraine, state, etc., and its semantic-axiological characteristics. It is established that the artistic concept “native land” in Stus’s poetic texts is polysemantic and ambivalent, and its verbalisation demonstrated not only the general and ethnocultural understanding of the corresponding conceptualized image, but also the peculiarities of the author’s worldview. The presented research is actual as it activates scientific interest in other linguo-mental notions and not only in the work of V. Stus, which makes it possible to get deeper into the phenomenon of the Ukrainian linguistic personality.","PeriodicalId":159224,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Linguistics","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121913622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associative potential of anthroponyms in ukrainian political discourse","authors":"O. Gapchenko","doi":"10.17721/um/52(2022).79-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/um/52(2022).79-92","url":null,"abstract":"This article is devoted to an experimental study of the associative potential of anthroponyms in Ukrainian political discourse. We turned to a free-associative experiment in order to study the status of anthroponyms in political communication, as well as to reveal their associative potential. The results were interpreted using statistical and typological data processing, along with the methods of component analysis, cognitive modeling, etc. As words-stimulus, we used the names of domestic and foreign politicians from different periods known to modern speakers (not only to specialists in the field of politics and journalists but also to the general public) – no matter the ambiguous attitude of the society toward them and their activities. The experiment participants were representatives of different regions of Ukraine, of different ages, levels of education, and professions. The main object of the analysis was the associative reactions of the speakers obtained during the experiment. The main focus was on studying the semantic specifics of anthroponyms, associative connections, and the peculiarities of the functioning of these units in political communication. The experiment results showed a significant associative potential of the anthroponyms in political discourse, determined by objective and subjective factors. Those associations that have to do with the anthroponyms-names of famous Ukrainian and foreign politicians of different periods convey essential background knowledge of speakers and determine the semantics and pragmatics of these units. Most often, in associative reactions to anthroponymic stimuli, we can trace such denotative characteristics as a politician’s field of activity, the historical period in question, place of activity, nationality, appearance, character traits, intelligence, behavioral features, and other typical features. Furthermore, anthroponyms cause connotative reactions. Experimental studies prove that anthroponyms have, although somewhat specific, yet rich semantics and form a part of the process of encoding and decoding information.","PeriodicalId":159224,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Linguistics","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115896819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to use the word effectively","authors":"Viktoriia Kolomyitseva","doi":"10.17721/um/50(2020).164-168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/um/50(2020).164-168","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":159224,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Linguistics","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132915036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-interpreting in Slovakia: a tabooed reality","authors":"Stefan Dorcak","doi":"10.17721/um/51(2021).107-124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/um/51(2021).107-124","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper is a partial research work within the author’s dissertation thesis and seeks evidence to refute or support the hypothesis that interpreters are more effective in terms of quality when working into their mother tongue in comparison with interpreters working between two foreign languages. The data for this study were collected via interpreting questionnaires with thirteen selected criteria (e.g. native accent, pleasant voice, exaggerated fillers, fluency of delivery, logical cohesion, sense consistency, completeness of interpretation, significant omissions, use of correct terminology, etc.) that had been filled out (assessed on a 5-grade scale) by three target groups (professional interpreters, students of interpreting and so-called delegates), after having listened to three records of simultaneous interpretation (from English into Russian/Ukrainian). The records include three conference interpretations of a speech by NATO Secretary-General, Jens Stoltenberg, delivered in English on defensce and political topics. Two of the three interpreters (N 1 and N 2) are native speakers of the target language, while the third interpreter (N 3) works between two foreign languages. This paper presents the results for three target groups’ rating of the selected quality criteria for simultaneous interpretation. The aim of the present paper lies within comparing the output-related quality of B to A language interpreting vs. B to B language interpreting from the audience quality perception point of view.","PeriodicalId":159224,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Linguistics","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128771269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Means of expression of Ukrainian baroque poetry: linguistic style view","authors":"O. Tieliezhkina","doi":"10.17721/um/51(2021).95-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/um/51(2021).95-106","url":null,"abstract":"The mysterious world of Baroque poetry has scientific interest among both literary critics and linguists for a long time. However, despite some elaboration of the problem, there are some gaps that need linguistic and stylistic coverage. It determines the relevance of the consideration of expressive and pictorial means of different linguistic nature, manifested in the poetic works of the Baroque era.\u0000\u0000The purpose of the research is to identify and characterize the means of linguistic and artistic expression of the language of the Ukrainian Baroque poetic. Fundamental in the formation of a system of artistic means, realized in Baroque poetry at all levels of language, is a combination of rational and irrational principles. In the poetry of that time, the “atmosphere of the literary game” was consistently created, which was embodied with the help of certain linguistic and expressive units.\u0000\u0000The author concludes that Ukrainian Baroque poetry is characterized by the use of various tropes and stylistic figures, including assonance and alliteration, equiphony and metaphony, paronymic attraction and phonetic epanalepsis, sound imitation and capitalisation, metaphor and metonymy, comparison and epithets, personification and periphysis, hyperbole and meiosis, parallelism and gradation, antithesis and oxymoron, polyptoton and annomination, doubling and anadiplosis, anaphora and epiphora, homeothelium and chiasm, amplification and polysyndeton. Among them, the artists mostly used figures based on exaggeration, opposition, repetition, and metaphor. The masterful combination of different stylistic means ensured the creation of an expressive, unique and perfect linguistic and artistic picture of that time.\u0000\u0000The logical continuation of the started research is to find out the influence of the Baroque tradition of decorating the fabric of a poetic work on the further formation of the Ukrainian poetic language.","PeriodicalId":159224,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Linguistics","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125097696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructions with parataxis and homogeneous parts in poetical text","authors":"N. Darchuk","doi":"10.17721/um/50(2020).10-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/um/50(2020).10-29","url":null,"abstract":"The work considers peculiarities in conducting of automated syntactic analysis (ASA) on basis of poetical texts and as result studying the features of linear structure of Ukrainian texts, in particular, texts with constructions with parataxis and homogeneous parts. The process of text analysis includes two stages: the first stage starts with automated syntactic analysis of hierarchical structure of text, which finally builds a dependency tree. On the second stage the graph received as result of automated analysis specifies information on type or model of a sentence, in particular, with available constructions with parataxis homogeneous parts. The purpose of the work from linguistic standpoint is the analysis of parataxis/homogeneous parts in poetical texts and their relations to the content.\u0000\u0000The study of texts (1600 sentences) showed that constructions with parataxis can build three groups of relations with: homogenous parts, non-homogenous and a combination of both parts. Analysis of constructions with parataxis with available dominating syntactical level demonstrated specific features of poetical structure of texts of four analyzed authors Vinhranovskyi, Drach, Moisiienko and Stus. Project follow-up is viewed in the study of correlation between syntactical and semantic analysis of text structures, since the form of poetical text specifies of how the poetical language is shaped in sense of qualitative features. Study of construction with parataxis within both a single author’s style and an array of other authors’ styles presents interest and future prospects from the standpoint of carrying qualitative semantic analysis of parataxis with available homogenous items. It is possible since all variants of lexical meaning in the Corpora (their number reaches over 120 K) are automatically marked with special codes of taxonomic classification and with code showing relation to some or other taxon. This technology makes possible to conduct a comprehensive analysis of constructions with parataxis, to create lists and sort out relations of such type of constructions within the range of a dependency tree to detect and identify common and miscellaneous features in the structure of parataxis as a parameter of an individual writing style of a single author.","PeriodicalId":159224,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Linguistics","volume":"17 9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114098219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}