Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics最新文献

{"title":"The Morphology and Oscillations of Nightside Mid-Latitude Ionospheric Trough at Designated Longitudes in the Northern Hemisphere","authors":"Xinlong Liu,&nbsp;Donghe Zhang,&nbsp;Anthea J. Coster,&nbsp;Zhonghua Xu,&nbsp;Xueling Shi,&nbsp;Shibaji Chakraborty","doi":"10.1029/2024JA032864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JA032864","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The mid-latitude ionospheric trough (MLIT), an anomaly in the ionosphere's F layer caused by various mechanisms, affects radio wave propagation. In this study, we investigated the morphology and oscillations of the MLIT using global Global Positioning System total electron content map data between 1 January 2018, and 31 December 2020. The MLIT position varies longitudinally, reaching its farthest equatorward at 60<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>°</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${}^{circ}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>W and its farthest poleward at 30<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>°</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${}^{circ}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>E. The MLIT occurrence rates peak during the winter and equinoxes and dip in summer, while seasonal variations in MLIT position vary across longitude bands. Heightened geomagnetic activities, quantified by the SME6 index, promote MLIT occurrence, especially during pre-midnight hours in summer and equinoxes, and shift the MLIT equatorward, particularly during midnight and post-midnight hours. The MLIT position shows clear local time variation, with a gradual decrease before midnight, stabilization afterward, and a minor resurgence around dawn. Wavelet analysis reveals three distinct periodic components in the MLIT position: 27, 13.5, and 9, with the 27-day period being the most persistent. Cross-wavelet and wavelet coherence analyses suggest that solar wind (SW) velocity variations precede changes in the MLIT position. The main factors responsible for the equatorward movement of MLIT are the electric fields in high-speed SW that enhance the ionospheric convection pattern, and the intensified geomagnetic activities induced by interplanetary shocks.</p>","PeriodicalId":15894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142275036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electron Vortex Generation in Earth's Collisionless Bow Shock: MMS Observations","authors":"S. T. Yao,&nbsp;H. Zhang,&nbsp;Q. Q. Shi,&nbsp;J. Liu,&nbsp;R. L. Guo,&nbsp;W. J. Sun,&nbsp;Daniel J. Gershman,&nbsp;M. Hamrin,&nbsp;A. W. Degeling,&nbsp;R. A. Treumann,&nbsp;T. Pitkänen,&nbsp;A. M. Tian","doi":"10.1029/2024JA032980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JA032980","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In astrophysics and space, supercritical shock is generated when an object interacts with an incoming supersonic plasma stream. Its downstream plasmas are highly turbulent, containing abundant vortices on all scales from magnetohydrodynamic to electron gyroscales. Understanding the production of these vortices is at the forefront, especially on the electron scale. Using ultrafast measurements of NASA's Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft, we report on the fortunate multi-spacecraft observation of the formation of an electron vortex directly generated inside the Earth's quasi-parallel bow shock transition and propagated to the downstream turbulent magnetosheath. The vortex is generated inside the shock transition by anisotropic ∼100–600 eV electrons trapped in an ion-scale magnetic hole which could show a tornado-like magnetic morphology. Our results demonstrate that the electron vortex can develop not only as a product of the forward cascade but also from the shock transition into its downstream turbulence, which adds to the short-scale turbulence and dissipation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142273243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solar Wind Response of the Dawn-Dusk Asymmetry in the Io Plasma Torus Using the Haleakala T60 and HISAKI Satellite Observations","authors":"Hiroyasu Kondo,&nbsp;Fuminori Tsuchiya,&nbsp;Masato Kagitani,&nbsp;Shinnosuke Satoh,&nbsp;Hiroaki Misawa,&nbsp;Yuki Nakamura,&nbsp;Go Murakami,&nbsp;Tomoki Kimura,&nbsp;Atsushi Yamazaki,&nbsp;Ichiro Yoshikawa,&nbsp;Hajime Kita,&nbsp;Chihiro Tao","doi":"10.1029/2024JA032840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JA032840","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Plasma originating from the satellite Io forms a dense plasma region known as the Io plasma torus (IPT) in the Jovian inner magnetosphere. Slightly inside the Io-orbit is a distinct structure called the “ribbon,” where the plasma spreads along the magnetic field lines. The ribbon moved dawnward owing to the dawn-to-dusk electric field. Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) observations of the IPT showed that the electric field was enhanced under compressed conditions of the magnetosphere caused by solar wind. However, no reports have been published on the influence of solar wind on the radial position of the ribbon. Here, we show the correlation between the temporal variation in the ribbon's position and solar wind. We analyzed the visible ([SII] 6716, 6731 Å) IPT images observed by the Tohoku 60-cm telescope (T60) and the EUV emissions observed by the Hisaki satellite. We found that the position of the ribbon shifted dawnward when the solar wind dynamic pressure was enhanced. The dawnward shift was more significant on the dawn side than on the dusk side, indicating that the change in the electric field was inhomogeneous. The simultaneous observations of T60 and the Hisaki satellite on 19–23 February 2016 indicated that the averaged intensity of the electric field derived from T60 was 3.9 ± 0.9 mV/m, consistent with that of 2.8 ± 1.2 mV/m derived from the Hisaki satellite. Our results demonstrate how solar wind affects the nonuniformity of the electric field in the inner magnetosphere.</p>","PeriodicalId":15894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JA032840","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142275102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explaining the Evolution of Ion Velocity Distributions at a Low Activity Comet","authors":"A. Moeslinger,&nbsp;H. Gunell,&nbsp;H. Nilsson,&nbsp;S. Fatemi,&nbsp;G. Stenberg Wieser","doi":"10.1029/2024JA032757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JA032757","url":null,"abstract":"<p>At a low activity comet the plasma is distributed in an asymmetric way. The hybrid simulation code Amitis is used to look at the spatial evolution of ion velocity distribution functions (VDFs), from the upstream solar wind (SW) to within the comet magnetosphere where the SW is heavily mass-loaded by the cometary plasma. We find that the spatial structures of the ions and fields form a highly asymmetric induced magnetosphere. The VDFs of SW and cometary ions vary drastically for different locations in the comet magnetosphere. The shape of the VDFs differ for different species. The SW protons show high anisotropies that occasionally resemble partial rings, in particular at small cometocentric distances. A second, decoupled, proton population is also found. Solar wind alpha particles show similar anisotropies, although less pronounced and at different spatial scales. The VDFs of cometary ions are mostly determined by the structure of the electric field. We perform supplementary dynamic particle backtracing to understand the flow patterns of SW ions that lead to these anisotropic distributions. This tracing is needed to understand the origin of cometary ions in a given part of the comet magnetosphere. The particle tracing also aids in interpreting observed VDFs and relating them to spatial features in the electric and magnetic fields of the comet environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JA032757","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142245022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Propagation of Lightning-Generated Whistlers in Van Allen Probes EFW Burst Data","authors":"Alexandra M. Wold,&nbsp;Robert A. Marshall,&nbsp;David M. Malaspina,&nbsp;Alexander D. Shane","doi":"10.1029/2024JA032781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JA032781","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We assess the prevalence of ducted and non-ducted whistler propagation using burst mode data from the Van Allen Probes Electric Field and Waves instrument (EFW). We have identified burst periods containing lightning-generated whistlers (LGWs), resulting in a data set available for future use. The entire burst data set is filtered through an analysis of the search coil magnetometer (SCM) noise, identifying signals in frequency space that exceed an adaptive noise threshold. We implement DBSCAN (Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise) to identify individual whistlers and clusters of whistlers. With magnetic spectral analysis, we calculate the mean wave normal angle (WNA) for each LGW group. We use ray tracing to estimate the expected WNA distributions for non-ducted LGWs to compare to the data and determine methods for identifying potentially ducted LGWs. The ray-tracing results provide a clear threshold in WNA for ducted whistlers. Using this threshold, we estimate that at least <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>10.1</mn>\u0000 <mi>%</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> $10.1%$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> of LGWs in this data set are ducted. We find that the majority of potentially ducted whistlers are below <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>L</mi>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> $L=2$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> and nearly half of LGWs below <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>L</mi>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> $L=2$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> and within 9–18 MLT may be ducted.</p>","PeriodicalId":15894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142245021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observations of Compressional Structures Driven by Interaction Between Foreshock Ions and Discontinuities","authors":"Terry Z. Liu,&nbsp;Vassilis Angelopoulos,&nbsp;Antonius Otto","doi":"10.1029/2024JA032803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JA032803","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The ion foreshock is very dynamic, characterized by various transient structures that can perturb the bow shock and influence the magnetosphere-ionosphere system. One important driver of foreshock transients is solar wind directional discontinuities (DDs) that demagnetize foreshock ions leading to a local current. If this current decreases the field strength at the DD, a hot flow anomaly (HFA) can form. Recent hybrid simulations found that when the current increases the field strength at the DD, a compressional structure forms with enhanced density and field strength opposite to HFAs. Using MMS and THEMIS observations, we confirm this situation. We demonstrate that the current geometry driven by the foreshock ions plays a critical role in the formation. The initial gyrophase of foreshock ions, due to their specular reflection, determines whether they can cross the DD. When many of the foreshock ions cannot cross the DD and the local current they drive increases the field strength at the DD, the enhanced field strength inhibits more foreshock ions from crossing the DD, further enhancing the local current. This feedback loop promotes the growth of the compressional structure. Such foreshock ion-driven compressional structures can result in dynamic pressure enhancements in the magnetosheath, leading to magnetosheath jets. Our study enables prediction of the location and formation probability of such compressional structures and their potential geoeffectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":15894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142244399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"East–West Difference in the Ionospheric Response During the Recovery Phase of May 2024 Super Geomagnetic Storm Over the East Asian","authors":"Xu Guo,&nbsp;Biqiang Zhao,&nbsp;Tingting Yu,&nbsp;Honglian Hao,&nbsp;Wenjie Sun,&nbsp;Guojun Wang,&nbsp;Maosheng He,&nbsp;Tian Mao,&nbsp;Guozhu Li,&nbsp;Zhipeng Ren","doi":"10.1029/2024JA033170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JA033170","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, we offer an extensive examination of the F-region ionospheric disturbances during the May 2024 superstorm, focusing primarily on the middle-low latitude regions of East Asia. Our analysis is grounded in a wealth of data sources including Total Electron Content (TEC), ionospheric parameters NmF2 and hmF2, Electron Density Profile (EDP) retrieved from Radio Occultation (RO) data, and ∑[O]/[N₂] from the Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI), among others, complemented by model simulations. The observed negative ionospheric storm effect, characterized by a significant and long-lasting reduction in electron density across the entire China, commenced immediately following the sudden storm commencement (SSC) on 10 May and continued through the main and early recovery phase of the storm on 11 May. On 11–12 May, positive ionospheric storm impacts were initially observed in a restricted geographical area from the post-midnight to sunrise, first manifesting over the eastern regions of China and then shifting to the central regions. Subsequently, a pronounced negative storm effect persisted throughout the later stages of recovery phase. In contrast, the western regions of China experienced a positive storm effect on 12 May followed by a comparatively mild negative storm phase. This persistent extensive zonal gradient in electron density across the East Asian region resembles the scenarios depicted in prior superstorms attributed to the thermospheric circulation patterns. The disparity in the ionospheric response from east to west in this area is probably a common feature during superstorms, potentially resulting from an arch-shaped structure of elevated ∑[O]/[N₂].</p>","PeriodicalId":15894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142244878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particle Simulation Study of Obliquely Propagating Whistler Waves in Low-Beta Plasmas","authors":"Yifan Wu,&nbsp;Jinsong Zhao,&nbsp;Xin Tao,&nbsp;Lei Dai","doi":"10.1029/2024JA033035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JA033035","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Whistler mode waves, which are electromagnetic emissions commonly observed in various space plasma environments, play critical roles in electron dynamics. While most whistler waves are driven by temperature anisotropy and propagate parallel to the background magnetic field, these waves can also be excited in the oblique direction when electron plasma beta is very low (&lt;0.025). Although linear theory accounts for the excitation processes of obliquely propagating whistler waves, the subsequent evolution and saturation processes remain inadequately understood. This study utilizes two-dimensional self-consistent simulations to investigate the complete wave-particle interaction process. By scanning a broad parameter range, we derive scaling laws for the wave intensity, linking the wave properties to initial and final plasma conditions. The saturated temperature anisotropy from simulations can explain the upper bound anisotropy constraint observed by spacecraft well. Additional phase space analysis shows that both Landau and cyclotron resonance play critical roles in the evolution of electron velocity distribution, albeit in different energy ranges. Oblique whistler waves can effectively heat electrons through Landau resonance, creating a plateau distribution in the parallel direction. This research advances our understanding of the mechanisms behind obliquely propagating whistler waves in low-beta plasmas and their impact on electron dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":15894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142234897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total Magnetic Field Perturbations at Martian Low Altitudes (≤500 km): MAVEN Observations in 2014–2023","authors":"Jaeheung Park","doi":"10.1029/2024JA033029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JA033029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Magnetic perturbations in the Martian ionosphere are often considered as representing plasma irregularities, but thorough statistical comparisons between the two independent phenomena have been rarely conducted. In this study, we investigate the statistical relationship between total magnetic field perturbations and those of O₂⁺ density as observed by the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft at altitudes below 500 km in 2014–2023. From the 1 Hz time series of magnetic field strength, perturbation intensity is estimated by subtracting a signal smoothed with a Savitzky-Golay filter (window size ∼36 km). Statistically, the magnetic perturbations are stronger on the dayside than at night, in the local summer hemisphere than in winter, and away from crustal magnetic anomalies than nearby. Also, day-to-day variability of the magnetic perturbations exhibits a weak but significant correlation with that of solar wind electron density. The statistical behavior of total magnetic field perturbations is not the same as that of O₂⁺ density perturbations: that is, the former is not a perfect proxy for the latter. The seemingly counter-intuitive discrepancy can be explained by effects of inhomogeneous background magnetic field strength (participating in total pressure balance across plasma perturbations) and localized ionospheric currents at altitudes unreachable by MAVEN.</p>","PeriodicalId":15894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JA033029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142234898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-Step Local Acceleration Process of Ultra-Relativistic Electrons in the Center of the Outer Radiation Belt: Observations","authors":"Deyu Guo,&nbsp;Dedong Wang,&nbsp;Yuri Shprits,&nbsp;Zheng Xiang,&nbsp;Binbin Ni,&nbsp;Anthony Saikin,&nbsp;Alexander Y. Drozdov,&nbsp;Matyas Szabo-Roberts,&nbsp;Jianhang Wang,&nbsp;Yangxizi Liu,&nbsp;Junhu Dong","doi":"10.1029/2024JA033024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JA033024","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ultra-relativistic (&gt;3 MeV) electrons are considered as a novel, separate population in the Earth's radiation belts since their loss and acceleration features are distinct from relativistic (∼MeV) electrons. The dominant acceleration mechanism of ultra-relativistic electrons remains a subject of ongoing debate. Some studies suggest that the acceleration mechanism of ultra-relativistic electrons is energy-dependent: local acceleration dominants the enhancement of ∼3–5 MeV electrons while two-step acceleration process leading by radial diffusion effects for ∼7 MeV electrons. However, a recent study (https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc0380) theoretically demonstrated that local acceleration could accelerate electrons up to &gt;7 MeV directly under the extreme plasma depletion. In this study, we report four enhancement events of ultra-relativistic electrons that occurred in September and October 2017. Analysis of phase space density (PSD) radial profiles and contours demonstrate that local acceleration plays the dominant role in the enhancements of ∼7 MeV electrons in mid-September and mid-October, supported by persistently growing peaks in electron PSD. While enhancements of ultra-relativistic electrons in other two events still show energy-dependent phenomenon, our results provide the observation evidence that one-step local acceleration process can lead to the enhancement of ∼7 MeV electrons in some events. We suggest that the acceleration process of ultra-relativistic electrons may be subject to the efficiency of local acceleration.</p>","PeriodicalId":15894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JA033024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142234873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}