Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology最新文献

{"title":"Considerations Regarding the Clinical Translation of Single-Use Electronic Colonoscopy.","authors":"Ao Gao, Xueying Ye, Junman Luo, Yunfeng Hu","doi":"10.1111/jgh.70427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.70427","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15877,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Postbiotics in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Mina Ehab Ayad, Shiyi Yu, Safia El Shennawy, Enaam Ali Al Mowafy, Nur-Fazimah Sahran, Rawan Elwalid-Jad, Yeong Yeh Lee","doi":"10.1111/jgh.70421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.70421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Postbiotics, preparations of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components with health benefits, may offer potential advantages in the management of IBS, but evidence remains limited. We conducted the first systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of postbiotics in adults with IBS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from inception to August 2025 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing postbiotics with placebo in adults diagnosed with IBS by Rome III or IV criteria. Primary outcomes were changes in the IBS Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS) and achievement of ≥ 30% abdominal pain reduction. Secondary outcomes included quality of life (QoL) and treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane RoB 2.0 and certainty of evidence using GRADE. Meta-analyses were conducted using RevMan 5.4.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four RCTs including 1062 participants were analyzed. Postbiotics significantly reduced IBS-SSS scores compared with placebo (standardized mean difference [SMD] - 1.36, 95% CI -1.75 to -0.97; p < 0.00001). Postbiotics increased the likelihood of achieving a clinically meaningful pain response (risk ratio [RR] 2.46, 95% CI 1.96-3.57; p < 0.00001). QoL improved with oral capsule formulations (SMD 0.84, 95% CI 0.67-1.01; I² = 0%), but not when an enema-based study was included. TEAE rates were similar between groups (RR 0.68, 95% CI 0.34-1.35; p = 0.27). Heterogeneity was moderate to substantial. Certainty of evidence was low.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Postbiotics may improve IBS symptom severity and abdominal pain, with oral formulations showing potential QoL benefits and comparable safety to placebo. Larger, standardized RCTs are required to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":15877,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Five-Year Unified Risk Prediction Model for Gastric and Esophageal Cancer Based on Nationwide Health Check-Up Data in Japan: J-GESS Score.","authors":"Kenta Watanabe, Sho Fukuda, Dai Kubota, Nobutake Yamamichi, Yu Takahashi, Yoshitaka Watanabe, Kyoichi Adachi, Norihisa Ishimura, Tomoyuki Koike, Hideyuki Sugawara, Kiyotaka Asanuma, Yasuhiko Abe, Takashi Kon, Eikichi Ihara, Kazuhiro Haraguchi, Yoshihiro Otsuka, Rie Yoshimura, Yugo Iwaya, Takuma Okamura, Noriaki Manabe, Akira Horiuchi, Mio Matsumoto, Kengo Onochi, So Takahashi, Tatsuki Yoshida, Yosuke Shimodaira, Katsunori Iijima","doi":"10.1111/jgh.70409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.70409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>In Japan, gastric cancer (GC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) account for nearly all fatal upper gastrointestinal malignancies. A unified model that simultaneously predicts the incidence of these two cancers could help optimize endoscopic screening and postindex surveillance strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective multicenter cohort study of 33 422 individuals who underwent screening esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) at 17 health check-up institutions across Japan. Clinical and endoscopic data from the index EGD were used to develop a 5-year risk prediction model for GC or ESCC. Significant predictors were identified using Cox regression, and a scoring system (J-GESS score) was constructed by scaling β coefficients. Model performance was evaluated using the 5-year inverse probability of censoring weighted (IPCW) Brier score, calibration, and c indices. Internal validation used bootstrap resampling (500 iterations) to obtain optimism-corrected estimates. Decision curve analysis (DCA) assessed clinical utility at 5 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 5 years, the IPCW-estimated cumulative incidence of GC or ESCC was 0.84% (234 events). Independent predictors included older age, male sex, ever smoking, and endoscopic gastric mucosal atrophy. The model showed good calibration at 5 years (calibration-in-the-large 0.005; slope 1.055; identical after optimism correction) and robust discrimination (Harrell's c index 0.81; Uno's 5-year c index 0.81). DCA demonstrated positive net benefit across clinically relevant thresholds.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Using routinely collected health check-up data, we developed a unified, practical, and internally validated 5-year prediction model for GC and ESCC. The J-GESS score enables effective risk stratification and may inform postindex endoscopic surveillance and screening interval optimization in Japan.</p>","PeriodicalId":15877,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on \"Association of Gastrointestinal Symptoms With Severity and Progression of Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis\".","authors":"Sheng-Nan Li, Xing-Jie Shen, Yi-Heng Yao, Liang Liu","doi":"10.1111/jgh.70415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.70415","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15877,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Clinical Factors Associated With Endoscopic Decompression Failure and Recurrent Sigmoid Volvulus: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Huiyong Liu","doi":"10.1111/jgh.70414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.70414","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15877,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When Does Maintenance Efficacy End and Withdrawal Relapse Begin? Interpreting the QUASAR East Asian Subgroup Data.","authors":"Huan Deng, Yue Peng","doi":"10.1111/jgh.70418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.70418","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15877,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodological Considerations in Assessing Risk Factors for Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea in Critically Ill Patients.","authors":"Yumiao Xu","doi":"10.1111/jgh.70369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.70369","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15877,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Involvement of Periostin in Intestinal Fibrosis Associated With Crohn's Disease.","authors":"Hironobu Takedomi, Satoshi Nunomura, Yasuhiro Nanri, Yuko Honda, Takashi Okada, Xin Tun, Kento Sadashima, Takashi Akutagawa, Nanae Tsuruoka, Yasuhisa Sakata, Simon J Conway, Atsushi Kawaguchi, Shinichi Aishima, Motohiro Esaki, Kenji Izuhara","doi":"10.1111/jgh.70413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.70413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by excessive intestinal fibrosis. We previously demonstrated that periostin is highly expressed in various fibrosis-related diseases and is important in the development of fibrosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of periostin in the pathogenesis of CD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated periostin expression in the terminal ileum of CD patients. We examined serum periostin levels in 75 CD patients and 150 healthy controls. We applied periostin-deficient (PNKO) and wild-type (WT) mice to a mouse model mimicking CD induced by repeated intrarectal administration of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Periostin was highly expressed in the stenotic areas of CD patients compared with controls, correlated with the severity of intestinal fibrosis. Serum periostin levels were significantly higher in CD patients than in healthy controls (88.5 ng/mL vs. 65.5 ng/mL; p < 0.01). In the mice with TNBS-induced colitis, periostin was highly expressed transmurally in the intestines, similar to CD patients. Fibrosis scores, collagen deposition, and phosphorylation of Smad3 were significantly increased in WT mice, whereas these were attenuated in PNKO mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CD patients showed significantly high expression of periostin in both tissues and serum. Taken together with its important role in the underlying mechanism of fibrosis in the TNBS-treated mice, periostin is involved in the development of fibrosis in CD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15877,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Fontan Circulation With Gut Microbiome Derived Straight and Branched Short Chain Fatty Acids.","authors":"Ashish H Shah, Yixiu Liu, Heather K Armstrong, Jun Han, David R Goodlett, Amir Ravandi, Sanjiv Dhingra","doi":"10.1111/jgh.70405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.70405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fontan circulation is associated with progressive multisystem dysfunction, yet its biochemical mechanisms are poorly understood. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites, particularly short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids, shape cardiovascular health. We previously reported elevated secondary bile acids in Fontan patients, but their SCFA profile remains uncharacterized.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fontan patients and matched healthy subjects were evaluated by body composition, frailty, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, hemodynamics, and plasma SCFA quantification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty Fontan patients (25.5 years [IQR: 22.8-30.3]; 35% women) and 20 healthy controls (30.0 years [25.8-34.3]; 30% women) were enrolled. Compared to controls, Fontan patients exhibited elevated plasma levels of several SCFAs: propionic acid (1.84 [1.45-2.68] vs. 1.19 [1.07-1.49] μM; p = 0.002), butyric acid (1.27 [0.90-1.71] vs. 0.75 [0.52-0.94] μM; p = 0.002), valeric acid (0.25 [0.15-0.36] vs. 0.13 [0.11-0.16] μM; p < 0.001), and caproic acid (0.44 [0.35-0.67] vs. 0.25 [0.21-0.39] μM; p < 0.001). Acetic acid levels did not differ significantly between groups. Additionally, branched-chain SCFAs were elevated in Fontan patients: isobutyric acid (0.44 [0.32-0.68] vs. 0.26 [0.23-0.30] μM; p < 0.001) and 2-methylbutyric acid (0.38 [0.27-0.58] vs. 0.19 [0.15-0.25] μM; p < 0.001). Notably, caproic, isobutyric, and 2-methylbutyric acids showed strong correlations with key clinical and hemodynamic parameters. Furthermore, isobutyric and 2-methylbutyric acids were significantly correlated with dehydrolithocholic acid levels (R = 0.67 and 0.54, respectively) and other bile acid components.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fontan patients have elevated plasma straight and branched SCFAs linked to adverse clinical and hemodynamic profiles; further evaluation is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":15877,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosomes Derived From Cerulein-Induced Pancreatic Acinar Cells Mediate Peritoneal Macrophage M1 Polarization and Pyroptosis via a BIRC3/NLRC4 Axis in Acute Pancreatitis.","authors":"Sheng Zhang, Junjing Fu, Haiyun Zhang, Bing Zhou, Binjie Zhou, Yang Jiao","doi":"10.1111/jgh.70411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.70411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a frequent exocrine inflammation of the pancreas that causes severe abdominal pain and multiorgan dysfunction that may lead to pancreatic necrosis and persistent organ failure. Previous studies have indicated that the pathogenesis of AP is based on the Cerulein-triggered experimental model, which simulates human AP in vivo. As reported, pancreatic acinar cells and peritoneal macrophages partake in pancreatic inflammation and injury. Nevertheless, the association between them is poorly understood. NLRC4 was highly expressed, and BIRC3 was reduced in AP patients and Cerulein-treated AR42J cells. Exosomes derived from Cerulein-treated AR42J cells induced rat peritoneal macrophage M1 polarization and pyroptosis, which were partly abolished by NLRC4 silencing. Moreover, BIRC3 triggered the ubiquitination of NLRC4 and promoted its degradation. Besides, exosomal BIRC3 repressed sodium taurocholate-induced pancreatic lesions in vivo. Exosomes derived from Cerulein-stimulated pancreatic acinar cells promote peritoneal macrophage M1 polarization and pyroptosis by a BIRC3/NLRC4 axis in AP, providing a promising strategy to protect against AP.</p>","PeriodicalId":15877,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}