{"title":"Assessment of probiotic intervention for control of biofilm former Escherichia coli isolates of animal-origin foods","authors":"Manjeet Sharan, Pankaj Dhaka, Jasbir Singh Bedi, Nitin Mehta, Randhir Singh","doi":"10.1111/jfs.13137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfs.13137","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The study investigates the efficacy of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains (<i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> and <i>Lactobacillus casei</i>) in combating <i>Escherichia coli</i> biofilms by determining antibacterial, anti-biofilm activity, auto-aggregation, and co-aggregation assay. The study included 115 <i>E. coli</i> isolates from milk (<i>n</i> = 36), chicken meat (<i>n</i> = 33), and chicken eggs (<i>n</i> = 46). Among 115 <i>E. coli</i> isolates, 22.61% were strong biofilm formers. The LAB strain, <i>L. rhamnosus</i> exhibited a 28.47 mm mean antibacterial inhibition zone, an average reduction of 51.22% in biofilm growth, 55.46% auto-aggregation, and 41.57% co-aggregation with <i>E. coli</i>. Similarly, <i>L. casei</i> demonstrated a 21.55 mm mean antibacterial inhibition zone, an average reduction of 36.74% in biofilm growth, 45.23% auto-aggregation, and 38.74% co-aggregation with <i>E. coli</i> isolates. Both strains individually and in combination demonstrate substantial reductions in biofilm growth, with <i>L. rhamnosus</i> observed to be more effective than <i>L. casei.</i> Scanning electron microscopy provides valuable insights into the structural aspects of the probiotic impact on diminishing <i>E. coli</i> biofilm. Probiotics' ability to auto-aggregate and co-aggregate with pathogenic strains serves as an initial screening method for identifying suitable probiotic bacteria. In conclusion, the results underscore the efficacy of specific LAB strains in combating <i>E. coli</i> biofilm formation. This study provides a basis for future investigations into LAB's capacity to mitigate biofilm-related hurdles and strengthen microbial management protocols within food processing settings or relevant food substrates.</p>","PeriodicalId":15814,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Safety","volume":"44 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141069179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fast and simultaneous detection of wheat kernel adulteration using hyperspectral imaging technology and deep convolutional neural network","authors":"Jingwu Zhu, Zhenhong Rao, Haiyan Ji","doi":"10.1111/jfs.13133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfs.13133","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, hyperspectral imaging technology combined with a novel convolution neural network was utilized to detect wheat kernels adulteration. Two groups of wheat kernels were used as samples in this study. Sound wheat kernels from various varieties were in one group, while unsound wheat kernels of the same variety were in another. Hyperspectral images collected from these two groups of wheat kernels were preprocessed using a series of commonly used methods. Following the collection of hyperspectral data, a method of separating and recombining individual wheat kernels from entire hyperspectral images was applied to create training sets and validation sets. Subsequently, a series of tests were carried out to verify whether the proposed model Following that, a number of experiments were conducted to confirm if the suggested model was effective in simultaneously detecting adulterated wheat kernels, and the results gave a positive conclusion. Finally, accuracy, precision, recall and F1-scores were used as indicators to evaluate the performance of the proposed models on the test set. As the results demonstrated, satisfactory performance in detecting adulteration of the two groups of wheat kernels was obtained by the proposed model. According to the results, the proposed model combined with HSI technology has a good prospect of being used as an efficient method for detecting wheat kernels adulteration.</p>","PeriodicalId":15814,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Safety","volume":"44 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140949117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mustapha Muhammad Nasiru, Evans Frimpong Boateng, Muhammad Umair, Fawze Alnadari, Anthony Pius Bassey, Jing Qian, Wenjing Yan, Chunyang Li, Jianhao Zhang
{"title":"Decontamination of egg-associated pathogens by plasma-activated water and hydrogen peroxide","authors":"Mustapha Muhammad Nasiru, Evans Frimpong Boateng, Muhammad Umair, Fawze Alnadari, Anthony Pius Bassey, Jing Qian, Wenjing Yan, Chunyang Li, Jianhao Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jfs.13136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfs.13136","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigated the effectiveness of plasma-activated water (PAW) and plasma-activated hydrogen peroxide (PAHP) in reducing egg-associated pathogens. The antimicrobial activity of these solutions against <i>Salmonella</i> Enteritidis, <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> on eggs was evaluated at different plasma treatment durations. The results demonstrated that increasing the duration of plasma treatment enhanced the antimicrobial efficacy of both PAW and PAHP. The bacterial counts of the egg-associated pathogens significantly decreased from 7.61, 7.59, and 7.54 log (CFU/egg) to 5.4 and 3.09, 5.36 and 3.11, and 5.08 and 3.73 log (CFU/egg) for PAW and PAHP, respectively. The characteristics of the plasma solutions, including electrical conductivity, pH, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, NO<sub>3</sub>¯, and NO<sub>2</sub>¯, synergistically acted as antimicrobial agents in both PAW and PAHP treatments. The storage study revealed that PAHP treatment had no adverse effects on the eggs' pH, albumen and yolk color, Haugh unit, and yolk index. However, it did result in reduced eggshell strength and compromised cuticle integrity. Overall, this study demonstrates the successful application of PAW and PAHP in effectively inhibiting egg-associated pathogens while preserving essential egg quality attributes. Further research is needed to optimize the treatment conditions and investigate the long-term effects of PAW and PAHP on eggs in larger-scale applications. This research contributes to developing innovative and sustainable approaches for enhancing the safety and quality of eggs in the food industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":15814,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Safety","volume":"44 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140924803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fawzy Eissa, Nour El-Hoda A. Zidan, Ahmed Salem Sebaei
{"title":"Contamination of herbs and spices: A 23-year EU RASFF notifications analysis","authors":"Fawzy Eissa, Nour El-Hoda A. Zidan, Ahmed Salem Sebaei","doi":"10.1111/jfs.13131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfs.13131","url":null,"abstract":"<p>From 2000 to 2022, all and serious notifications of the EU Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) on herbs and spices were examined to identify the most notified products, their associated hazards and origin countries, as well as the consequent notification classification and actions taken. The data reveals that 3741 notifications were transmitted for herbs and spices during the last 23 years, accounting for 5.3% of the RASFF total notifications of all product categories (70630). Border rejection and serious risk decisions represented 37.9% and 39.5% of the total herbs and spices notifications, respectively. In the last 5 years, serious notifications ranged from 76.6% to 87.2% of all herbs and spices notifications. India was the most notified origin country (23.6%), followed by Brazil (8.7%), Thailand (7.2%), Turkey (5.8%), and China (4.6%). The top 10 notified herbs and spices were chili, black pepper, curry, paprika, nutmeg, spice mix, basil, mint, ginger, and cumin, while the top 10 hazards were <i>Salmonella</i>, aflatoxin, Sudan 1, Sudan 4, ethylene oxide (EtO), ochratoxin A, chlorpyrifos, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, pyrrolizidine alkaloids, and color E 160b. Approximately 96.3% of black pepper, 71% of chili, and almost all nutmeg serious notifications were related to <i>Salmonella</i>, aflatoxins, and mycotoxins, respectively. Strict measures to minimize the risk associated with such contaminants in herbs and spices must be implemented.</p>","PeriodicalId":15814,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Safety","volume":"44 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140924801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cynthia Wen Xuan Neo, Yu Hsuan How, Ianne Kong, Rosnita A. Talib, Liew Phing Pui
{"title":"Development of plant-based burger patties with pea protein isolate and barnyard millet flour and its storage stability in aerobic and vacuum packaging","authors":"Cynthia Wen Xuan Neo, Yu Hsuan How, Ianne Kong, Rosnita A. Talib, Liew Phing Pui","doi":"10.1111/jfs.13134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfs.13134","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There is an increasing demand for plant-based burger patties owing to the health and sustainability issues raised from the consumption of meat. This study aimed to develop plant-based burger patties from pea protein isolates (PPIs) and barnyard millet flour (BMF) through high-moisture extrusion cooking. The extrudates for plant-based burger patties were developed with a blend ratio of 90:10 PPIs:BMF with different screw speeds ranging from 40 to 120 rpm. The extrudates produced with different screw speeds were analyzed, followed by the analysis of the plant-based burger patties. Commercial plant-based burger patties were used as a control. The optimized plant-based burger patties were then stored in aerobic or vacuum packaging for 12 days under refrigerated condition and analyzed. The optimized extrudates produced using screw speed of 80 rpm displayed moderate water absorption index (3.33%), high hardness (4143–4390 g), and high adhesion (0.47 mJ). The plant-based burger patties produced using the optimized extrudates had 2006–2608-g hardness, 0.17 cohesiveness, and 6.70% cooking loss. In comparison to aerobic packaging, the plant-based burger patties stored in vacuum packaging demonstrated lower cooking loss (8.46%), moisture content (18.03%), total color difference (3.02), and total plate count (8.65 log<sub>10</sub> cfu/g) after 12 days of refrigerated storage. The protein content of plant-based burger patties was not affected throughout the refrigerated storage. This shows the potential of PPIs and BMF mixtures as meat analogue ingredients and the suitability of vacuum packaging for the storage of plant-based meat.</p>","PeriodicalId":15814,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Safety","volume":"44 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140924840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiewen Guan, Alison Lacombe, Bhargavi Rane, Jared Van Blair, Yujie Zhang, Juming Tang, Shyam Sablani, Vivian C. H. Wu
{"title":"The stress response of Listeria monocytogenes inoculated on fresh apples exposed to gaseous chlorine dioxide","authors":"Jiewen Guan, Alison Lacombe, Bhargavi Rane, Jared Van Blair, Yujie Zhang, Juming Tang, Shyam Sablani, Vivian C. H. Wu","doi":"10.1111/jfs.13126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfs.13126","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fresh apples are vulnerable to Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) contamination during handling and storage causing subsequent foodborne outbreaks. Gaseous chlorine dioxide (ClO<sub>2</sub>) is an effective antimicrobial agent against L. monocytogenes and could augment food safety. This study investigates the stress and virulence response of L. monocytogenes on apples exposed to a sublethal concentration of ClO<sub>2</sub>. L. monocytogenes was inoculated on the surface of apples and exposed to gaseous ClO<sub>2</sub> for 1 h. Gene expression analysis via Real-Time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) revealed minimal changes in gene expression compared to control samples. However, a surface-dependent response was observed, with slight upregulation of relevant virulence (hly) and stress (clpC) genes on more hydrophilic surfaces. These findings indicate that gaseous ClO<sub>2</sub> treatment can provide a biostatic effect against L. monocytogenes on fresh produce, shedding light on its antimicrobial mechanism and potential for enhancing apple safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":15814,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Safety","volume":"44 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jfs.13126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140844859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Harleen Kaur Dhaliwal, Xianqin Yang, M. S. Roopesh
{"title":"Continuous production and recirculation of plasma-activated water bubbles under different flow regimes for mixed-species bacterial biofilm inactivation inside pipelines","authors":"Harleen Kaur Dhaliwal, Xianqin Yang, M. S. Roopesh","doi":"10.1111/jfs.13128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfs.13128","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biofilm formation in broiler drinking water systems is a public health concern. Bacterial detachment from the pipes into the drinking water subsequently increases the risk of waterborne transmission and has detrimental effects on animal and human health. The study evaluated the antimicrobial effectiveness of plasma-activated water bubbles (PAWBs) recirculated under different flow regimes against the mixed-species biofilms of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium ATCC13311 and <i>Aeromonas australiensis</i> 03-09 grown on the inner surfaces of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes. A benchtop pipeline model representing broiler drinker lines was developed to compare the biofilm inactivation efficacy of PAWB recirculated at different flow rates, corresponding to Reynold's number of 1000, 2500, and 4000. The synergistic mechanical and oxidative recirculation using PAWB resulted in a higher biofilm inactivation from the pipe walls as compared to recirculation using distilled water alone. Apart from the flow regimes, various parameters including the volume of PAWB circulated, the concentration of the major plasma reactive species, and treatment time affected the susceptibility of the mixed-species biofilms to PAWB treatment. Under all tested conditions, the bacterial cells were below the detection limit of 1 log CFU/mL in water after PAWB treatments. A better understanding of the hydrodynamic variations prevalent in the drinking water system is important for designing an effective disinfection protocol using PAWB. The results obtained from the study provide important information on the use of PAWB for biofilm control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15814,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Safety","volume":"44 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jfs.13128","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140826106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhujun Gao, Aprajeeta Jha, Claire L. Hudson, Adam L. Hopper, Shirley A. Micallef, Rohan V. Tikekar
{"title":"Development and evaluation of a modified most probable number (MPN) method for enumerating rifampicin-resistant Escherichia coli in agricultural, food, and environmental samples","authors":"Zhujun Gao, Aprajeeta Jha, Claire L. Hudson, Adam L. Hopper, Shirley A. Micallef, Rohan V. Tikekar","doi":"10.1111/jfs.13127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfs.13127","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Low level of rifampicin-resistant <i>E. coli</i> is frequently used in food safety research as a model microorganism and is typically enumerated using traditional Most Probable Number (MPN) method. To simplify the process, we developed and validated a modified MPN method based on lactose peptone broth (LPB) containing rifampicin and bromocresol purple, the broth changes to a yellow color due to pH shifts induced by lactose fermentation from <i>E. coli</i>. <i>E. coli</i> TVS353 were prepared in following suspensions including healthy cells, injured cells, competitive bacteria with or without rifampicin resistance, and unknown natural microflora. <i>E. coli</i> TVS353 was quantified by traditional MPN method and our improved method. At a predicted level of 1 log CFU/mL, there was no significant difference in the MPN index of LPBR compared with TSB and TSBR in these suspensions (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Confirmation results generated from this new color change MPN method were analogous to traditional MPN methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":15814,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Safety","volume":"44 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jfs.13127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140818931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katie Phair, David Culliton, Carmel Kealey, Damien Brady
{"title":"Long chain unsaturated fatty acids alter growth and reduce biofilm formation of Cronobacter sakazakii","authors":"Katie Phair, David Culliton, Carmel Kealey, Damien Brady","doi":"10.1111/jfs.13130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfs.13130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Cronobacter sakazakii</i> is a foodborne pathogen predominately transmitted through contaminated dried foods and affects populations including neonates, infants, and the elderly. Following several recent outbreaks, it is now a notifiable infection in those under 12 months of age. Current control methods include strict manufacturing guidelines, with monitoring of this genus a legal requirement in powdered infant formula production. Fatty acids have long been known as antimicrobials, with long-chain fatty acids increasingly identified as agents that target virulence factors. This study gives insight into the changes promoted by three long-chain unsaturated fatty acids (oleic, linoleic, and α-linolenic) on <i>C. sakazakii</i> growth, morphology, and biofilm formation. Each fatty acid was individually introduced to <i>C. sakazakii</i> 29544 both as a sole carbon source and as an addition to complex media. Following comparison to the untreated control, bacterial cells treated with these fatty acids showed a significant and media-dependent impact on growth and biofilm inhibition. With further characterization, long-chain fatty acids, including α-linolenic acid, could be utilized as a control method with minimal safety constraints regarding their use in the food production environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15814,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Safety","volume":"44 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jfs.13130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140818930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arshdeep Singh, Hunt Conor, Drushya Ramesh, Lakshmikantha H. Channaiah
{"title":"Validation of a simulated commercial traditional crust pepperoni pizza baking process and thermal inactivation parameters of a 3-serovar Salmonella inoculum in pizza dough","authors":"Arshdeep Singh, Hunt Conor, Drushya Ramesh, Lakshmikantha H. Channaiah","doi":"10.1111/jfs.13129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfs.13129","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The objective of this study was to validate a simulated commercial baking process for traditional crust pepperoni pizza to inactivate <i>Salmonella</i> when contamination was introduced through inoculated flour and pepperoni slices. The unbleached flour and pepperoni slices were inoculated (separate studies) with a 3-serovar <i>Salmonella</i> cocktail and dried back to their respective pre-inoculation water activity level to achieve 6.14 and 6.84 log CFU/g, respectively. The inoculated traditional crust pizza was baked at 260°C (500 °F) for 12 min followed by 15 min of ambient cooling. In both cases, a >6 log CFU/g reduction in <i>Salmonella</i> population was achieved by the first 8 min of baking. The pH (5.23–5.25) and water activity (0.958 ± 0.001–0.938 ± 0.005) of the pizza in this study did not change significantly. The <i>D</i>-values of 3-serovar <i>Salmonella</i> cocktail in traditional crust pepperoni pizza dough were 23.2 ± 1.82, 7.50 ± 0.32, and 2.0 ± 0.15 min at 56°C, 59°C, and 62°C, respectively, with a <i>z</i>-value of 5.7°C. The study validated that traditional crust pepperoni pizzas when baked at 260°C (500 °F) for at least 12 min will reduce <i>Salmonella</i> populations by ≥5 log CFU/g if prebaking contamination occurs via flour and/ or pepperoni.</p>","PeriodicalId":15814,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Safety","volume":"44 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jfs.13129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140818929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}