OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology最新文献

{"title":"Abrasion Resistance Of High-idensity Polyethylene Jackets Useid On Submarine Cables","authors":"K. Booth, C. Sandwith","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607696","url":null,"abstract":"polyethylene jackets used on submarine electro-optical cables abrade and wear. The mechanisms involved in this process are complex, and current theories of abrasion and wear of polymers are not reliable for predicting wear rates and jaclket lifetimes. The Applied Physics Laboratory at the University of Washington is conducting experiments to quantify wear rates on high-density polyethylene (HDPE) cable jackets. In these experiments, cable samples are positioned in a raft on a modified Tabor Abraser and subjected to wear by abrasive wheels. Past attempts to use a Tabor Abrascr with a raft of cable specimens were hampered because of the complex effects the raft geometry has on the wear mechanisms. Also, how the coefficient of friction and the rate of energy cxpended affect the rate of abrasion (in terms of volume of abraded material) was not adequately determined. As part of the AI'L study, the input of purely abrasive energy and the effective coefficient of friction for the cable jacket are being correlated with the rate of material removal to quantify the material's abrasion characteristics. With this information, a manufacturing abrasion test will be designed, and attempts will be made to predict service life. This paper discusses the relationship between the coefficient of friction and the energy density required to produce specific wear rates under dry and wet conditions. Also discussed are the relationships between the wear of specimen cable jackets and the wear of flat sheets of HDPE.","PeriodicalId":158109,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133830627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Application Of The PNN Algorithm To The Active Classification Of Sonar Targets","authors":"R. Hackman, D. Specht","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1992.612666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1992.612666","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":158109,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology","volume":"317 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133852100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement Of Manned Submersible's Mating Manoeuvres","authors":"H. Yu, Liedan Ju, Zhu Wen Wei, L. Chun","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607706","url":null,"abstract":"1ABSTRQCT - China first manned submersible successfully fulfilled its sea trials in the middle of the 80s. During the sea trials, some mating manoeuvres were measured. The paper presents the measuring techniques and some results. A preliminary analysis is also made. The conclusions may be helpful to designers and pilots to increase the success rate of mating manoeuvres.","PeriodicalId":158109,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134463467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Underwater Laser Systems For Rangin, Size Estimation, And 3-D Measurement","authors":"F. Caimi, D.C. Smith, D. Kocak","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607672","url":null,"abstract":"structured lighting systems have been used to obtain range, scale, and orientation measures from video and still camera images. Application areas have included the construction of mosaic maps for geological surveying, photo surveys for establishing the environmental impact of offshore drilling, and various inspection tasks requiring size estimation, such as biological specimen observation and platform inspection. With earlier designed systems, the estimation size or range is obtained only after analysis of prerecorded data or by visual observation of patterns produced on video. In this paper we present a review of conventional photogrammetric techniques that have been used in oceanographic application, and describe the development of several computer based-systems which are capable of displaying range and size information automatically. One recently developed system utilizes a multibeam projection from a laser source to produce structured light patterns over portions of a scene which are viewed simultaneously by an underwater video camera. The video output is digitized, captured, and stored in a high speed digital memory and then analyzed on-line to produce a range estimate which is displayed on the video image as an overlay. A size estimate for objects within the video field can also be produced by manual placement of cursors within the image. Another system under development produces threedimensional maps of the image space using a scanned laser beam. The scene is viewed from a separate location with a position sensitive detector (PSD) to provide depth information via triangulation principles. The PSD provides an estimate of position of the apparent landing spot of the laser beam for each scan angle from which a depth estimate is calculated. The system is designed to scan an entire 20 X 20 degree field-of-view at distances from 0.5 to 2.5 meters. The entire field of view can be scanned and a 3-D image can be produced in less than 4 seconds with the present design. Further technological advancements are anticipated which should allow video rate opertaion. The paper will include detailed system descriptions, including elements of the optical and electronic design. Calibration data will be presented and performance will be reviewed. This work was supported in part by a grant from the Atlantic Foundation and by the Naval Civil Engineering Laboratory under Contract N47408-9 1C1209.","PeriodicalId":158109,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133537969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 6-axes Subsea Robot For Diverless Work","authors":"M. Gustmann, M. Boeke, E. Aust, G. Schultheiss","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607694","url":null,"abstract":"A free programmable industrial &axes robot has been modified for underwater operation. The prototyp carried out an extended test program in wet and dry environment down to water depths of 1100 m~ Furthermore principles of tool handling and changing were verified under water. Working procedures like inspection tasks by means of optical. a n d ultrasonic devices have been carried out. The work is accompanied by a software system for offline programming and graphical simulation. This paper presents experimental results from robot test activities and a description of the computer-based system for mission planning.","PeriodicalId":158109,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132282471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meeting The Challenge Of Regulatory Requirements On Development Of High Tech Off-shore Engineering Facilities","authors":"J.D. Schempp","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607683","url":null,"abstract":"A b s f r a c t The Southeas t Alaska Acoustic Measurement Facility (SEAFAC) is the U.S. Navy’s new premier acoustic engineering measurement facility i n the Pacific. I t s basic mission is access ing s u b m a r i n e acous t i c vu lne rab i l i t y , focusing on both Research and Development as well as Fleet support. Design and fabrication of the state-of-the-art instrumentation, although technical and t ime consuming, was a s t ra ight fo rward engineering effort. Design and construction of the facility in a semi-remote a rea of Alaska was demanding but also a relatively straight forward engineering effort fo r a technically qualified architecture and engineering firm. Solving the geopol i t i ca l Issues t h a t a rose , r e l a t ed to the construction of this facility, i n a manner tha t satisfied the myriad of regulations and policies, was a monumental effort. The test of this effort was the success the Navy had in defending against an injunction on the construction of SEAFAC in both the U.S. District Court and the U.S. Cour t of Appeals. This success can be directly attributed to the manner in which the geo-political issues were addressed and subsequently resolved. Fundamental to this success was the development of working relationships with people within the infrastructure of f e d e r a l agencies, s t a t e agencies , loca l government, and concerned citizens.","PeriodicalId":158109,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133582355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decision-making Methodology For Design Of Subsea Line Structures","authors":"R. Mayer, I. Goswami","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1992.612683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1992.612683","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrac t Among the decisions facing the designer of subsea line structures, such as cables and pipelines, are the route, s i z e and type (of pipel ine or cable), method of installation and the means of protection. Each of these dec is ions can s igni f icant ly af fect both system cos t and re l iai l ity. Combined with the uncertainties associated with offshore environmental conditions and manmade hazards, the designer of such systems is presented a complex decision problem. Described herein i s a decision analys is model which considers a l l typical interdependent design variables and inherent uncertainties s im u 1 tan eous ly\". Combined with es t imates of costs , bene f i t s , and potential consequences of the various des ign a l ternat ives , the me th adalog y fac i l i tates se lect ion of the most acceptable system des ign. This techno-economic approach has been developed into a detailed model with accompanying software t o aid des igners in se lect ing economic designs of subsea l ine s tructures while achieving acceptable levels of reliability. 1. Goswami Department of Civil Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD 21218","PeriodicalId":158109,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133585329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sonar Detection Of Small Objects On Rough Seafloor","authors":"P. Ogushwitz","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1992.612708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1992.612708","url":null,"abstract":"A computer model, which previously has been used to simulate the performance of multibeam echo-sounding systems, is applied here to analyses of the echolocation of small objects situated on rough seafloor. The model accounts for sounding system parameters (e.g., source waveform, pulse duration, and beam- width), platform track a,nd speed, refraction and spherical spreading in the water column, and backscattering from a fully three-dimensional bottom. The sounding beam is modeled as a set of rays which span the beam. By increasing the density of rays within the beam, arbitrary reso- lution can be obtained. The calculations produce a set of travel times and scattered intensities describing the purely acoustical response of the system. The acoustical response is subsequently postprocessed using a standard algorithm for bottom detection enhancement. The bottom de- scription consists of measured bathymetry from a rough, mid-oceanic ridge province. The detec- tion of a small object by means of travel-time measurements is quantified as a function of beamwidth. A cube, one meter on a side and resting upon the bottom at a depth of 200 m, cannot be detected when the sounding system beamwidth is 20 or greater. The detection of a buried object by means of intensity measure- ments is also examined. The same cube, now buried just below the bottom at the same depth, can be detected as long as the impedance con- trast with the surrounding material is suffi- ciently large.","PeriodicalId":158109,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology","volume":"147 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133270008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Vertical Array Of Directional Acoustic Sensors","authors":"J. C. Nickles, G. Edmonds, R. Harriss, F. Fisher, W. Hodgkiss, J. Giles, G. D’Spain","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1992.612714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1992.612714","url":null,"abstract":"A vertical line array of sixteen low-frequency DIFAR (DIrectional Frequency Analysis and Recording) sensors has been designed and constructed, and was deployed from the R/P FLIP during an engineering sea test in July, 1991. The purpose of this paper is to describe the array design, while a companion paper discusses the preliminary analysis of data from the sea test. Each DIFAR sensor consists of a hydrophone, three orthogonally mounted geophones, a compass for azimuthal orientation, 16-bit analog to digital converters, and digital telemetry. The sample rate is programmable; for the sea test it was set at 600 Hz, with an acoustic band limit of 270 Hz. In addition, the sensors have the capability of receiving array localization pulses from a transponder net on the sea floor. Using the sensor orientation and position information, the hydrophone and geophone outputs can be combined to point a beam in any desired look direction. Incorporating multiple sensors in a vertical array provides resolution in both the horizontal and vertical simultaneously.","PeriodicalId":158109,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130166776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Insights Into The Navy Standard Low Frequency Bottom Loss (LFBL) Data Base","authors":"R. Keenan","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1992.612711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1992.612711","url":null,"abstract":"Acoustic bottom properties are described in terms of bottom loss versus grazing angle using the Navy standard sediment thickness data base and the ten parameter low frequency bottom loss (LmL) geoacoustic data base. Physical insight into the characteristics of these bottom loss curves is discussed in this paper. horizontal range is summed together to calculate the bottom loss. This bottom loss is assigned to the grazing angle associated with the water-sediment reflected path for that range. In the January 1992 version off the model the horizontal range is dependent on the water depth. The water-sediment reflection coefficient for a stratified media as derived by Tolstay and Clay (5) is used because of the presence of the thin layer. When the thin layer density is equal to the sediment density, the presence of the thin layer is effectively removed. In the absence of the thin layer the reflection coefficient reduces to the familiar Rayleigh reflection coefficient.","PeriodicalId":158109,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115094467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}