{"title":"Modeling the Transport of Noncohesive Sediment","authors":"S.R. Mchan","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1992.612644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1992.612644","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":158109,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124442670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance Of An MFSK Acoustic Telemetry System","authors":"S. Merriam, D. Frye, J. Catipovic","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607712","url":null,"abstract":"A low power, medium data rate acoustic telemetry system has been developed at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution to address a broad range of underwater communication needs. The system utilizes advanced digital signal processing techniques to implement an MFSK telemetry scheme capable of data rates up to 5000 b/s. A series of shallow and deep water tests of this system have been performed over ranges from a few hundred meters to 2500m which allow system performance to be characterized. Operation over the vertical and horizontal channel has been investigated. The paper will provide a system description, summarize the results of the in-water tests and compare the results to the expected theoretical performance of the system in a realistic ocean channel. Typical bit error rates for the acoustic telemetry link over the vertical channel are to lo4 over ranges of 500 to 2.500111 using directional transmit and receive transducers with the receiver hydrophone suspended a short distance below the surface. Performance over the shallow-water horizontal path is about an order of magnitude worse. Recent improvements in link performance using more sophisticated error correction coding will also be reported. dor.","PeriodicalId":158109,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125426965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Precursor Resolution At The Opto-acoustic Pulse Propagation In The Upper Ocean Layer","authors":"V.D. Kiselyov, A. Maksimov","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607643","url":null,"abstract":"Recent observations of the acoustic signals generated by laser beam in the upper oceanlayer [Bukin, O.A., Il'ichev, V.I., Kiselyov, V.D., 19901 have shown differences in the shape of the detected pulses from the ones recorded in the laboratory studies for fresh water. Aprincipal feature whichdistinguishes the conditions of the full-scale experiment and the laboratory study is the presence of bubble plumes in the upper ocean layer. It's important to note that marked dispersion of the spectral components of the acoustic pulse are due to resonant scattering by gas bubbles.","PeriodicalId":158109,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology","volume":"262 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114346036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robust Acoustic Communication With Underwater Vehicles In Noisy And Jammed Shallow Water Environments","authors":"J. Catipovic","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607646","url":null,"abstract":"Insit it ution This paper presents a protocol for acoustic communication with autonomous vehicles in shallow water environments, particularly in difficult areas such as harbors and marine work sites where direst point-to-point links are not sufficiently reliable. The protocol is a sequential decoding, code combining, Automatic Repeat :reQuest (ARQ) which makes efficient use of available store and forward transceivers placed in the area of operations. The protocol will attempt to maintain a single point-to-point link between the underwater platform and the data user whenever possible. If conditions deteriorate, the protocol will optimally take advantage of an intermediate store and forward transceiver to maintain uninterrupted communication. It is shown that the use of intermediate transceivers slows down the telemetry throughput slightly, power savings are significant, and a robust data link can be maintained in extremely noisy, reverberant and jammed environments. I will describe the point to point sequential decoding, code combining ARQ protocol for acoustic telemetry and present performance results obtained in Woods Hole harbor and Buzzards Bay. The second half of the presentation will discuss the effects of store and forward transceivers on throughput and power efficiency. I hope to incorporate results of ongoing experiments currently being performed in Buzzardls bay and address the hardware considerations incorporated in our modems and store and forward transceivers. Hardware requirements for the protocol will be presented and our existing hardware prototypes will be described and their performance analyzedi. It is found that while the store and forward protocol requires considerable software complexity, the hardware requirements for implementing the link are quite modest, and are easily met with commercially available digital signal processors.","PeriodicalId":158109,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114398967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biologically-based Controller For A Shallow Water Walking Machine","authors":"J. Ayers, J. Crisman, D. Massa","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607693","url":null,"abstract":"Crustaceans have be'en engineered by evolution to adapt and survive in a :jhallow water hydro-dynamic environment. We have formed a collaboration between biology and engineering to explore how lobsters navigate in shallow waters and to build a shallow water walking robot based on the biological studies. We have formalized the basic structure of this model in terms of central pattern generators, command and coordinating systems. The central pattern generator controls the motion of the leg appropriate to walking in all directions. The coordinating systems controls that gait pattern of the legs. Proprioceptive and exteroceptive reflexes alter the path of a leg or the pattern of coordinated leg motions. We have built a simulator which models the central pattern generator and coordination. It demonstrates basic walking motions in any direction and at multiple speeds with a prototype leg. We are currently building an eight legged terrestrial walking machine based on the morphology of the lobster. In the future we will add more sensing, reflexes, and taxes to our simulator and robot. We plan to implement an underwater version of this robot.","PeriodicalId":158109,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology","volume":"2012 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114748339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Observations Of Scholte Wave Dispersion From Measurements At Two Diverse Test Sites","authors":"H. Ali, L.D. Etibee, J. Becklehimer","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1992.612736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1992.612736","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":158109,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124001812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acoustic Source Propagation And Localization In The Norfolk Canyon","authors":"S. M. Bates, B. J. Bates","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1992.612725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1992.612725","url":null,"abstract":"The accuracy of the backpropagation method in localizing a low frequency harmonic point source in the highly variable shallow waters of Norfolk Canyon is demonstrated. The method is implemented using the implicit finite difference solution to the wide angle parabolic wave equation. The results indicate the advantage of using coherent signal processing with a wide aperture array, and an acoustic propagation algorithm which can accommodate accurate complicated oceanographic data.","PeriodicalId":158109,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121490931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Studying The Kuroshio-Oyashio Frontal Zone By Clustering Original Long-term Observations","authors":"O.O. Trousenkova","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607673","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":158109,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129880128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Naval Undersea Systems Center Ocean Acoustics Laboratory To Study Ambient Sound Generation By Wind, Waves, And Rainfall","authors":"D. Shonting, P. Hebda","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607676","url":null,"abstract":"Oceanic ambient sound displays a strong relationship with wind, whitecaps, and rain rate, suggesting that these variables could be monitored by bottom or buoy suspended hydrophones and from submarines. Viable monitoring h owever r equires accurate correlations of the sound with the surface variables which must in turn be measured in close proximity to the sound recording. An Ocean Acoustic Van laboratory has been established on Narragansett Bay, RI to monitor ambient sound and its sources of generation. It incorporates a bottom hydrophone and a moored directional wave buoy 120 m from shore. The sound and wave data is transmitted to the Van and processed along with wind and rain data obtained from the Van site. Preliminary observations show clear and immediate acoustic response to the surface effects. Extreme acoustic conditions were portrayed with records of the passage of hurricane Bob in August, 1991. Results depict the usefulness of this laboratory to study oceanic ambient sound generation.","PeriodicalId":158109,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125443282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acoustic Wideband Techniques For The Remote Estimation Of The Sea Current Velocity","authors":"F. Andreucci, C. Camporeale, F. Fogliuzzi","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1992.607653","url":null,"abstract":"Innovative wideband signals and related echo processing for acoustic remote estimation of sea currents are investigated via doppler profiling techniques. The cur- rent velocity-component along the acoustic beam propaga- tion direction can be obtained by exploiting the frequency shift, with respect to the transmitted signal, of the spectrum of the echo reverberated from the ensonified volume. The problem of deriving the \"optimal\" wideband waveform to be transmitted, i.e., the waveform that minimizes the statistical fluctuation of the estimate, is addressed. Two particular waveforms, multitone (MT) and frequency shifted keying (FSK), are considered with the aim of reducing the measurement fluctuation. The performances obtainable by applying synthesized echo processors to these waveforms are assessed by means of numerical simulations on syn- thetic model-based echoes.","PeriodicalId":158109,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 92 Proceedings@m_Mastering the Oceans Through Technology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125583252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}