Conservation Letters最新文献_第8页

Moving beyond simplistic representations of land use in conservation 在保护中超越对土地利用的简单表述

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13055

Tobias Kuemmerle

{"title":"Moving beyond simplistic representations of land use in conservation","authors":"Tobias Kuemmerle","doi":"10.1111/conl.13055","DOIUrl":"10.1111/conl.13055","url":null,"abstract":"Land use is both a major cause of the biodiversity crises and a potential solution to it. Decisions about land use are made in complex social–ecological systems, yet conservation research, policy, and practice often neglect the diverse and dynamic nature of land use. A deeper integration of land system science and conservation science provides major opportunities in this context, through a transfer of concepts, data, and methodologies. Specifically, a closer exchange between land-use data developers and users will enable common terminology and better data use, allowing to move beyond coarse land-cover representations of land use. Similarly, archetyping and regionalization approaches can help to embrace, rather than oversimplify, the diversity of land-use actors and practices. Finally, systematically linking land-use actors to portfolios of pressures on biodiversity, beyond their direct impact on habitat, can better represent and map co-occurring and interacting threats. Together, this will enable conservation policymakers and planners to recognize the often-complex and wicked nature of conservation challenges related to land, allowing for more context-specific conservation policymaking and planning, and more targeted conservation interventions.","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142234064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identifying Pareto-efficient eradication strategies for invasive populations 确定入侵种群的帕累托效率根除战略

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13051

Amy A. Yackel Adams, Nathan J. Hostetter, William A. Link, Sarah J. Converse

{"title":"Identifying Pareto-efficient eradication strategies for invasive populations","authors":"Amy A. Yackel Adams, Nathan J. Hostetter, William A. Link, Sarah J. Converse","doi":"10.1111/conl.13051","DOIUrl":"10.1111/conl.13051","url":null,"abstract":"Invasive species are a major cause of biodiversity loss and are notoriously expensive and challenging to manage. We developed a decision-analytic framework for evaluating invasive species removal strategies, given objectives of maximizing eradication probability and minimizing costs. The framework uses an existing estimation model for spatially referenced removal data—one of the most accessible types of invasive species data—to obtain estimates of population growth rate, movement probability, and detection probability. We use these estimates in simulations to identify Pareto-efficient strategies—strategies where increases in eradication probability cannot be obtained without increases in cost—from a set of proposed strategies. We applied the framework post hoc to a successful eradication of veiled chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus) and identified the potential for substantial improvements in efficiency. Our approach provides managers and policymakers with tools to identify cost-effective strategies for a range of invasive species using only prior knowledge or data from initial physical removals.","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Not all conservation “policy” is created equally: When does a policy give rise to legally binding obligations? 并非所有的保护 "政策 "都是一样的：政策何时会产生具有法律约束力的义务？

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13054

Justine Bell-James, Rose Foster, Miguel Frohlich, Carla Archibald, Claudia Benham, Megan Evans, Pedro Fidelman, Tiffany Morrison, Liza Rolim Baggio, Peter Billings, Nicole Shumway

{"title":"Not all conservation “policy” is created equally: When does a policy give rise to legally binding obligations?","authors":"Justine Bell-James, Rose Foster, Miguel Frohlich, Carla Archibald, Claudia Benham, Megan Evans, Pedro Fidelman, Tiffany Morrison, Liza Rolim Baggio, Peter Billings, Nicole Shumway","doi":"10.1111/conl.13054","DOIUrl":"10.1111/conl.13054","url":null,"abstract":"In many countries, complex environmental problems such as biodiversity decline are regulated at the national level by a disparate range of laws and nonstatutory policy instruments variously described by terms including plans, strategies, guidelines, statements of intent, and/or incentives. Such instruments are often grouped together by conservation policymakers and scientists under the umbrella term “policy.” However, from a legal perspective, there are critical differences between these so-called policy instruments. In this paper, we focus on what we consider to be the critical difference: whether a policy instrument is binding, and therefore whether an administrative decision (e.g., about a development proposal) can be legally challenged due to noncompliance with that policy instrument. Drawing from international examples, the aim of this paper is to give conservation policymakers and scientists the guidance needed to critically differentiate between laws and nonstatutory policy, assess current or proposed policies, and determine whether a nonstatutory instrument gives rise to binding obligations, thus allowing for decisions to be challenged before a court. In doing so, we encourage conservation scientists, policymakers, activists, and practitioners to reflect critically on what is possible and not possible when nonstatutory “policy” instruments are designed and implemented.","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic variation and hybridization determine the outcomes of conservation reintroductions 基因变异和杂交决定了保护性再引入的结果

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13049

Colter A. Feuerstein, Ryan P. Kovach, Carter G. Kruse, Matt E. Jaeger, Donovan A. Bell, Zachary L. Robinson, Andrew R. Whiteley

{"title":"Genetic variation and hybridization determine the outcomes of conservation reintroductions","authors":"Colter A. Feuerstein, Ryan P. Kovach, Carter G. Kruse, Matt E. Jaeger, Donovan A. Bell, Zachary L. Robinson, Andrew R. Whiteley","doi":"10.1111/conl.13049","DOIUrl":"10.1111/conl.13049","url":null,"abstract":"The preservation of genetic variation is fundamental in biodiversity conservation, yet its importance for population viability remains contentious. Mixed-source reintroductions, where individuals are translocated into a single vacant habitat from multiple genetically divergent and often depauperate populations, provide an opportunity to evaluate how genetic variation and hybridization influence individual and relative population fitness. Population genetic theory predicts that individuals with higher genetic variation and hybrids among populations should have higher fitness. We tested these two hypotheses by analyzing individual and population-scale data for westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi) in four mixed-source reintroductions. We observed more hybrid and fewer nonhybrid offspring than expected across four independent mixed-source reintroductions. We also found clear evidence that heterozygosity influenced individual reproductive and relative population fitness. Overall, we found a strong, positive relationship between genetic variation, hybridization, and transplant fitness, emphasizing the importance of genetic variation and population mixing in conservation.","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142138422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A primer for the practice of reflexivity in conservation science 保护科学中的反身性实践入门指南

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13047

Nicole Kaechele, Rachelle Beveridge, Megan Adams, Paul Boyce, Kyle Artelle

{"title":"A primer for the practice of reflexivity in conservation science","authors":"Nicole Kaechele, Rachelle Beveridge, Megan Adams, Paul Boyce, Kyle Artelle","doi":"10.1111/conl.13047","DOIUrl":"10.1111/conl.13047","url":null,"abstract":"Rigorous scientific practice relies on the tenet of transparency. However, despite regular transparency in areas such as data availability and methodological practice, the influence of personal and professional values in research design and dissemination is often not disclosed or discussed in conservation science. Conservation scientists are increasingly driven to work in collaboration with communities where their work takes place, which raises important questions about the research process, especially as the field remains largely represented by a Western scientific worldview. The process of reflexivity, and the creation of positionality statements as one form of a reflexive practice, is an important component of transparency, rigor, and best practice in contemporary conservation science. In our own professional practices, however, we have found that guidance on how to produce positionality statements and maintain reflexivity throughout the lifecycle of research is too often lacking. In response, we build on existing literature and our own experience to offer a primer as a starting point to the practice of reflexivity. Rather than being prescriptive, we seek to demonstrate flexible approaches that researchers may consider when communicating reflexive practice to enhance research transparency. We explore the challenges and potential pitfalls in a reflexive practice and offer considerations and advice based on our collective professional experience.","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142138424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantitative impacts of hydroelectric dams on the trans-Amazonian migrations of goliath catfish 水电站大坝对巨鲶跨亚马孙洄游的定量影响

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13046

Marília Hauser, Carolina R. C. Doria, Christophe Pécheyran, Emmanuel Ponzevera, Jacques Panfili, Gislene Torrente-Vilara, Jean-François Renno, Carlos Edward Freitas, Carmen García-Dávila, Fabrice Duponchelle

{"title":"Quantitative impacts of hydroelectric dams on the trans-Amazonian migrations of goliath catfish","authors":"Marília Hauser, Carolina R. C. Doria, Christophe Pécheyran, Emmanuel Ponzevera, Jacques Panfili, Gislene Torrente-Vilara, Jean-François Renno, Carlos Edward Freitas, Carmen García-Dávila, Fabrice Duponchelle","doi":"10.1111/conl.13046","DOIUrl":"10.1111/conl.13046","url":null,"abstract":"Hydropower expansion is increasingly responsible for connectivity and biodiversity loss in freshwater ecosystems. The Amazon basin, which supports the highest level of freshwater biodiversity globally, faces such unplanned expansion. Here, we demonstrate and quantify the impacts of two major hydroelectric dams on the Madeira River on the trans-Amazonian movements of one apex predatory catfish (Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii) performing the longest migration known in freshwaters. Using otolith microchemistry, we show that above the dams, the former basin-wide homing migration between the breeding grounds in the upper Madeira and the nursery in the Amazon estuary has now been replaced by residency. We found evidence suggesting downstream migration of juvenile fish past dams into the Amazon estuary and that some of them home back to the Madeira. However, we did not find evidence that the fish homing back from the estuary can access their breeding grounds in the upper Madeira; they remain blocked below the dams. Our results provide undisputable evidence that the conservation of the species primarily requires the reestablishment of connectivity with the construction of efficient fishways.","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142101194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ecosystem extent is a necessary but not sufficient indicator of the state of global forest biodiversity 生态系统范围是全球森林生物多样性状况的必要指标，但不是充分指标

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13045

Simon Ferrier, Chris Ware, Jenet M. Austin, Hedley S. Grantham, Thomas D. Harwood, James E. M. Watson

{"title":"Ecosystem extent is a necessary but not sufficient indicator of the state of global forest biodiversity","authors":"Simon Ferrier, Chris Ware, Jenet M. Austin, Hedley S. Grantham, Thomas D. Harwood, James E. M. Watson","doi":"10.1111/conl.13045","DOIUrl":"10.1111/conl.13045","url":null,"abstract":"The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework lays out an ambitious set of goals and targets aimed at halting and reversing biodiversity loss. The extent of natural ecosystems has been selected as one of a small set of headline indicators against which countries will report progress under this framework. We evaluate the effectiveness with which this indicator is expected to capture the overall scope of the ecosystem-focused component of Goal A, and interlinkages with the species-focused component of this same goal, using extensive global data on the integrity, connectivity, and plant species composition of forests. Results generated for all forest-supporting countries demonstrate that consideration of these additional factors can profoundly alter understanding of the state of forest biodiversity relative to that based on extent alone. Employment of ecosystem extent as a headline indicator must therefore be augmented by appropriate use of component and complementary indicators addressing other key dimensions of ecosystem change.","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142023093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The costs and benefits of publicising species discoveries 公布物种发现的成本和收益

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13044

Gerard Edward Ryan, Emily Nicholson, Christopher M. Baker, Michael A. McCarthy

引用次数: 0

Changes in wild meat hunting and use by rural communities during the COVID-19 socio-economic shock COVID-19 社会经济冲击期间农村社区野生肉类狩猎和使用的变化

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13042

Charles A. Emogor, Lauren Coad, Ben Balmford, Daniel J. Ingram, Diane Detoeuf, Robert J. Fletcher Jr., Inaoyom Imong, Andrew Dunn, Andrew Balmford

{"title":"Changes in wild meat hunting and use by rural communities during the COVID-19 socio-economic shock","authors":"Charles A. Emogor, Lauren Coad, Ben Balmford, Daniel J. Ingram, Diane Detoeuf, Robert J. Fletcher Jr., Inaoyom Imong, Andrew Dunn, Andrew Balmford","doi":"10.1111/conl.13042","DOIUrl":"10.1111/conl.13042","url":null,"abstract":"There is limited quantitative evidence of the effects of socio-economic shocks on biological resource use. Focusing on wild meat hunting, a substantial livelihood and food source in tropical regions, we evaluated the impacts of the shock from Nigeria's coronavirus disease (COVID-19) lockdown on species exploitation around a global biodiversity hotspot. Using a 3-year quantitative dataset collected during and after the lockdown (covering 1008 hunter-months) and matching by time of year, we found that successful hunting trip rates were more frequent during the lockdown, with a corresponding increase in the monthly number, mass, and value of animals caught. Moreover, hunters consumed a larger proportion of wild meat and sold less during lockdown, compared to non-lockdown periods. These results suggest that local communities relied on wild meat to supplement reduced food and income during the lockdown, buffering the COVID-19's socio-economic shock. Our findings also indicate that wild species may be especially vulnerable to increased hunting pressure during socio-economic shocks.","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141754233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Historical maps improve the identification of forests with potentially high conservation value 历史地图有助于识别具有潜在高保护价值的森林

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13043

Ewa Grabska-Szwagrzyk, Michał Jakiel, William Keeton, Jacek Kozak, Tobias Kuemmerle, Kamil Onoszko, Krzysztof Ostafin, Mahsa Shahbandeh, Piotr Szubert, Anna Szwagierczak, Jerzy Szwagrzyk, Elżbieta Ziółkowska, Dominik Kaim

{"title":"Historical maps improve the identification of forests with potentially high conservation value","authors":"Ewa Grabska-Szwagrzyk, Michał Jakiel, William Keeton, Jacek Kozak, Tobias Kuemmerle, Kamil Onoszko, Krzysztof Ostafin, Mahsa Shahbandeh, Piotr Szubert, Anna Szwagierczak, Jerzy Szwagrzyk, Elżbieta Ziółkowska, Dominik Kaim","doi":"10.1111/conl.13043","DOIUrl":"10.1111/conl.13043","url":null,"abstract":"The EU Biodiversity Strategy 2030 aims to better protect natural ecosystems with high biodiversity and climate change mitigation potential. To achieve this goal, it is crucial to identify forests worth protecting, such as those characterized by long continuity and old age. Here, we propose a robust approach that combines historical maps from the mid-19th century with remote sensing data to identify areas that have been forested for over 150 years, aiming to reduce the need for detailed and time-consuming field investigations in potential conservation areas. We tested this approach in a 20,000 km2 region in the Polish Carpathians, an area likely containing many unprotected forests of high conservation value, where historical maps from the mid-19th century are representative of much of Central Europe. Our results showed that an area of approximately 4200 km2 has been continuously forested since at least the mid-19th century. Currently, 50% of these forests are outside protected areas, representing an important conservation opportunity. More generally, our approach can support the identification of valuable forests worth protecting before they are lost and provide useful insights for policymakers and stakeholders in the ongoing debate on the challenges of improving forest conservation in the Carpathians, and Europe more widely.","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141597227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0