Conservation Letters最新文献_第7页

Building a coordinated framework for research and monitoring in large-scale international marine protected areas: The Ross Sea region as a model system 为大规模国际海洋保护区的研究和监测建立协调框架：罗斯海地区作为示范系统

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13053

Cassandra Brooks, Sharon Stammerjohn, Grant Ballard, Alice K. DuVivier, Eileen Hofmann, Michelle LaRue, Cara Nissen, Alexander J. Orona, B. Jack Pan, Annie E. Schmidt, Nathan Walker, George M. Watters, John Weller

{"title":"Building a coordinated framework for research and monitoring in large-scale international marine protected areas: The Ross Sea region as a model system","authors":"Cassandra Brooks, Sharon Stammerjohn, Grant Ballard, Alice K. DuVivier, Eileen Hofmann, Michelle LaRue, Cara Nissen, Alexander J. Orona, B. Jack Pan, Annie E. Schmidt, Nathan Walker, George M. Watters, John Weller","doi":"10.1111/conl.13053","DOIUrl":"10.1111/conl.13053","url":null,"abstract":"To fulfill their conservation potential and provide safeguards for biodiversity, marine protected areas (MPAs) need coordinated research and monitoring for informed management through effective evaluation of ecosystem dynamics. However, coordination is challenging, often due to knowledge gaps caused by inadequate access to data and resources, compounded by insufficient communication between scientists and managers. We propose to use the world's largest MPA in the Ross Sea, Antarctica as a model system to create a comprehensive framework for an interdisciplinary network supporting research and monitoring that could be implemented in other remote large-scale international MPAs. Our proposed framework has three key components: (i) policy engagement, including delineation of policy needs and ecosystem metrics to assess MPA effectiveness; (ii) community partner engagement to elevate diverse voices, build trust, and share resources; and (iii) integrated science comprising three themes. These themes are: advancement of data science and cyberinfrastructure to facilitate data synthesis and sharing; biophysical modeling towards understanding ecosystem changes and uncertainties; and execution of observational and process studies to address uncertainties and evaluate ecosystem metrics. This proposed framework can improve MPA implementation by generating policy-relevant science through this coordinated network, which can in turn improve MPA effectiveness in the Ross Sea and beyond.","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142247159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Kleptoparasitism in seabirds—A potential pathway for global avian influenza virus spread 海鸟的克隆寄生--全球禽流感病毒传播的潜在途径

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13052

Simon B. Z. Gorta, Alex J. Berryman, Richard T. Kingsford, Marcel Klaassen, Rohan H. Clarke

{"title":"Kleptoparasitism in seabirds—A potential pathway for global avian influenza virus spread","authors":"Simon B. Z. Gorta, Alex J. Berryman, Richard T. Kingsford, Marcel Klaassen, Rohan H. Clarke","doi":"10.1111/conl.13052","DOIUrl":"10.1111/conl.13052","url":null,"abstract":"Wild birds have experienced unprecedented, near-global mass mortalities since 2021, driven by outbreaks of high-pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 lineage 2.3.4.4b. Managing this panzootic requires identification of transmission pathways. We investigated potential HPAIV transmission via kleptoparasitism (food theft) by examining the distribution, behaviors, and movements of two globally widespread and commonly kleptoparasitic seabird families: Fregatidae (frigatebirds) and Stercorariidae (skuas). These kleptoparasites force other seabirds (targets) to regurgitate food, which the kleptoparasite then ingests, potentially facilitating direct transfer of viral particles from target to kleptoparasite. Scavenging and predation probably contribute further to viral spread. Although frigatebirds use kleptoparasitism on a year-round basis, skuas more commonly do so outside of the breeding season. Both frequently forage, disperse, or migrate across oceans and hemispheres. Dense aggregations of kleptoparasitic and target seabirds at breeding and/or roosting sites may facilitate the spread of HPAIV. In addition, the migration of these species could also facilitate broadscale geographic spread of HPAIV. Surveillance of kleptoparasites for HPAIVs could aid in early detection and may be important for seabird conservation.","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142236632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Moving beyond simplistic representations of land use in conservation 在保护中超越对土地利用的简单表述

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13055

Tobias Kuemmerle

{"title":"Moving beyond simplistic representations of land use in conservation","authors":"Tobias Kuemmerle","doi":"10.1111/conl.13055","DOIUrl":"10.1111/conl.13055","url":null,"abstract":"Land use is both a major cause of the biodiversity crises and a potential solution to it. Decisions about land use are made in complex social–ecological systems, yet conservation research, policy, and practice often neglect the diverse and dynamic nature of land use. A deeper integration of land system science and conservation science provides major opportunities in this context, through a transfer of concepts, data, and methodologies. Specifically, a closer exchange between land-use data developers and users will enable common terminology and better data use, allowing to move beyond coarse land-cover representations of land use. Similarly, archetyping and regionalization approaches can help to embrace, rather than oversimplify, the diversity of land-use actors and practices. Finally, systematically linking land-use actors to portfolios of pressures on biodiversity, beyond their direct impact on habitat, can better represent and map co-occurring and interacting threats. Together, this will enable conservation policymakers and planners to recognize the often-complex and wicked nature of conservation challenges related to land, allowing for more context-specific conservation policymaking and planning, and more targeted conservation interventions.","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142234064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identifying Pareto-efficient eradication strategies for invasive populations 确定入侵种群的帕累托效率根除战略

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13051

Amy A. Yackel Adams, Nathan J. Hostetter, William A. Link, Sarah J. Converse

{"title":"Identifying Pareto-efficient eradication strategies for invasive populations","authors":"Amy A. Yackel Adams, Nathan J. Hostetter, William A. Link, Sarah J. Converse","doi":"10.1111/conl.13051","DOIUrl":"10.1111/conl.13051","url":null,"abstract":"Invasive species are a major cause of biodiversity loss and are notoriously expensive and challenging to manage. We developed a decision-analytic framework for evaluating invasive species removal strategies, given objectives of maximizing eradication probability and minimizing costs. The framework uses an existing estimation model for spatially referenced removal data—one of the most accessible types of invasive species data—to obtain estimates of population growth rate, movement probability, and detection probability. We use these estimates in simulations to identify Pareto-efficient strategies—strategies where increases in eradication probability cannot be obtained without increases in cost—from a set of proposed strategies. We applied the framework post hoc to a successful eradication of veiled chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus) and identified the potential for substantial improvements in efficiency. Our approach provides managers and policymakers with tools to identify cost-effective strategies for a range of invasive species using only prior knowledge or data from initial physical removals.","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Not all conservation “policy” is created equally: When does a policy give rise to legally binding obligations? 并非所有的保护 "政策 "都是一样的：政策何时会产生具有法律约束力的义务？

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13054

Justine Bell-James, Rose Foster, Miguel Frohlich, Carla Archibald, Claudia Benham, Megan Evans, Pedro Fidelman, Tiffany Morrison, Liza Rolim Baggio, Peter Billings, Nicole Shumway

{"title":"Not all conservation “policy” is created equally: When does a policy give rise to legally binding obligations?","authors":"Justine Bell-James, Rose Foster, Miguel Frohlich, Carla Archibald, Claudia Benham, Megan Evans, Pedro Fidelman, Tiffany Morrison, Liza Rolim Baggio, Peter Billings, Nicole Shumway","doi":"10.1111/conl.13054","DOIUrl":"10.1111/conl.13054","url":null,"abstract":"In many countries, complex environmental problems such as biodiversity decline are regulated at the national level by a disparate range of laws and nonstatutory policy instruments variously described by terms including plans, strategies, guidelines, statements of intent, and/or incentives. Such instruments are often grouped together by conservation policymakers and scientists under the umbrella term “policy.” However, from a legal perspective, there are critical differences between these so-called policy instruments. In this paper, we focus on what we consider to be the critical difference: whether a policy instrument is binding, and therefore whether an administrative decision (e.g., about a development proposal) can be legally challenged due to noncompliance with that policy instrument. Drawing from international examples, the aim of this paper is to give conservation policymakers and scientists the guidance needed to critically differentiate between laws and nonstatutory policy, assess current or proposed policies, and determine whether a nonstatutory instrument gives rise to binding obligations, thus allowing for decisions to be challenged before a court. In doing so, we encourage conservation scientists, policymakers, activists, and practitioners to reflect critically on what is possible and not possible when nonstatutory “policy” instruments are designed and implemented.","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic variation and hybridization determine the outcomes of conservation reintroductions 基因变异和杂交决定了保护性再引入的结果

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13049

Colter A. Feuerstein, Ryan P. Kovach, Carter G. Kruse, Matt E. Jaeger, Donovan A. Bell, Zachary L. Robinson, Andrew R. Whiteley

{"title":"Genetic variation and hybridization determine the outcomes of conservation reintroductions","authors":"Colter A. Feuerstein, Ryan P. Kovach, Carter G. Kruse, Matt E. Jaeger, Donovan A. Bell, Zachary L. Robinson, Andrew R. Whiteley","doi":"10.1111/conl.13049","DOIUrl":"10.1111/conl.13049","url":null,"abstract":"The preservation of genetic variation is fundamental in biodiversity conservation, yet its importance for population viability remains contentious. Mixed-source reintroductions, where individuals are translocated into a single vacant habitat from multiple genetically divergent and often depauperate populations, provide an opportunity to evaluate how genetic variation and hybridization influence individual and relative population fitness. Population genetic theory predicts that individuals with higher genetic variation and hybrids among populations should have higher fitness. We tested these two hypotheses by analyzing individual and population-scale data for westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi) in four mixed-source reintroductions. We observed more hybrid and fewer nonhybrid offspring than expected across four independent mixed-source reintroductions. We also found clear evidence that heterozygosity influenced individual reproductive and relative population fitness. Overall, we found a strong, positive relationship between genetic variation, hybridization, and transplant fitness, emphasizing the importance of genetic variation and population mixing in conservation.","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142138422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A primer for the practice of reflexivity in conservation science 保护科学中的反身性实践入门指南

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13047

Nicole Kaechele, Rachelle Beveridge, Megan Adams, Paul Boyce, Kyle Artelle

{"title":"A primer for the practice of reflexivity in conservation science","authors":"Nicole Kaechele, Rachelle Beveridge, Megan Adams, Paul Boyce, Kyle Artelle","doi":"10.1111/conl.13047","DOIUrl":"10.1111/conl.13047","url":null,"abstract":"Rigorous scientific practice relies on the tenet of transparency. However, despite regular transparency in areas such as data availability and methodological practice, the influence of personal and professional values in research design and dissemination is often not disclosed or discussed in conservation science. Conservation scientists are increasingly driven to work in collaboration with communities where their work takes place, which raises important questions about the research process, especially as the field remains largely represented by a Western scientific worldview. The process of reflexivity, and the creation of positionality statements as one form of a reflexive practice, is an important component of transparency, rigor, and best practice in contemporary conservation science. In our own professional practices, however, we have found that guidance on how to produce positionality statements and maintain reflexivity throughout the lifecycle of research is too often lacking. In response, we build on existing literature and our own experience to offer a primer as a starting point to the practice of reflexivity. Rather than being prescriptive, we seek to demonstrate flexible approaches that researchers may consider when communicating reflexive practice to enhance research transparency. We explore the challenges and potential pitfalls in a reflexive practice and offer considerations and advice based on our collective professional experience.","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142138424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantitative impacts of hydroelectric dams on the trans-Amazonian migrations of goliath catfish 水电站大坝对巨鲶跨亚马孙洄游的定量影响

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13046

Marília Hauser, Carolina R. C. Doria, Christophe Pécheyran, Emmanuel Ponzevera, Jacques Panfili, Gislene Torrente-Vilara, Jean-François Renno, Carlos Edward Freitas, Carmen García-Dávila, Fabrice Duponchelle

{"title":"Quantitative impacts of hydroelectric dams on the trans-Amazonian migrations of goliath catfish","authors":"Marília Hauser, Carolina R. C. Doria, Christophe Pécheyran, Emmanuel Ponzevera, Jacques Panfili, Gislene Torrente-Vilara, Jean-François Renno, Carlos Edward Freitas, Carmen García-Dávila, Fabrice Duponchelle","doi":"10.1111/conl.13046","DOIUrl":"10.1111/conl.13046","url":null,"abstract":"Hydropower expansion is increasingly responsible for connectivity and biodiversity loss in freshwater ecosystems. The Amazon basin, which supports the highest level of freshwater biodiversity globally, faces such unplanned expansion. Here, we demonstrate and quantify the impacts of two major hydroelectric dams on the Madeira River on the trans-Amazonian movements of one apex predatory catfish (Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii) performing the longest migration known in freshwaters. Using otolith microchemistry, we show that above the dams, the former basin-wide homing migration between the breeding grounds in the upper Madeira and the nursery in the Amazon estuary has now been replaced by residency. We found evidence suggesting downstream migration of juvenile fish past dams into the Amazon estuary and that some of them home back to the Madeira. However, we did not find evidence that the fish homing back from the estuary can access their breeding grounds in the upper Madeira; they remain blocked below the dams. Our results provide undisputable evidence that the conservation of the species primarily requires the reestablishment of connectivity with the construction of efficient fishways.","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142101194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ecosystem extent is a necessary but not sufficient indicator of the state of global forest biodiversity 生态系统范围是全球森林生物多样性状况的必要指标，但不是充分指标

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13045

Simon Ferrier, Chris Ware, Jenet M. Austin, Hedley S. Grantham, Thomas D. Harwood, James E. M. Watson

{"title":"Ecosystem extent is a necessary but not sufficient indicator of the state of global forest biodiversity","authors":"Simon Ferrier, Chris Ware, Jenet M. Austin, Hedley S. Grantham, Thomas D. Harwood, James E. M. Watson","doi":"10.1111/conl.13045","DOIUrl":"10.1111/conl.13045","url":null,"abstract":"The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework lays out an ambitious set of goals and targets aimed at halting and reversing biodiversity loss. The extent of natural ecosystems has been selected as one of a small set of headline indicators against which countries will report progress under this framework. We evaluate the effectiveness with which this indicator is expected to capture the overall scope of the ecosystem-focused component of Goal A, and interlinkages with the species-focused component of this same goal, using extensive global data on the integrity, connectivity, and plant species composition of forests. Results generated for all forest-supporting countries demonstrate that consideration of these additional factors can profoundly alter understanding of the state of forest biodiversity relative to that based on extent alone. Employment of ecosystem extent as a headline indicator must therefore be augmented by appropriate use of component and complementary indicators addressing other key dimensions of ecosystem change.","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142023093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The costs and benefits of publicising species discoveries 公布物种发现的成本和收益

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13044

Gerard Edward Ryan, Emily Nicholson, Christopher M. Baker, Michael A. McCarthy

引用次数: 0