María I. Rivera-Hechem, Steven D. Gaines, Pedro Romero, Rodrigo A. Estevez, Matthew Clark, Morena Mills, Thomas Pienkowski, Stefan Gelcich
{"title":"Exploring Pathways to the Persistence of Community Engagement in Co-Management Across Social-Ecological Conditions","authors":"María I. Rivera-Hechem, Steven D. Gaines, Pedro Romero, Rodrigo A. Estevez, Matthew Clark, Morena Mills, Thomas Pienkowski, Stefan Gelcich","doi":"10.1111/con4.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/con4.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Evaluating sustained community engagement in co-management is critical for designing durable governance with conservation potential, yet such persistence remains rarely assessed. We analyze 750 co-management initiatives established under Chile's Territorial Use Rights for Fishing policy (1998–2021), examining persistence across conditions theorized to shape collective action in social-ecological systems. Survival analysis shows that initiatives had a 75% probability of persisting beyond 15 years. Abandonment risk declined nonlinearly with initial exploitable abundance and increased with monitoring distances. Exploring combinations of variables through cluster analysis reveals that, while initiatives starting with high abundance showed the highest persistence, some initiatives with lower initial abundance also endured at comparable rates when combined with shorter monitoring distances, proximity to large markets, higher poverty, and stronger upwelling. These findings suggest diverse pathways to sustained community engagement in co-management, generate hypotheses for future research, and show how tracking persistence can inform strategies for durable and equitable conservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/con4.70050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148050661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Global Conservation Status of Key Areas for Climate Diversity","authors":"Junjun Wang, Hui Liu, Ruidong Wu","doi":"10.1111/con4.70043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/con4.70043","url":null,"abstract":"Climate diversity significantly influences biodiversity by shaping climatic niches and buffering against climate fluctuations and represents a key indicator of biodiversity conservation values. Protecting climate diversity within protected areas (PAs) enhances the resilience to future climate change of PAs. However, the conservation status of global climate diversity remains unknown. Here, we quantitatively assessed the spatially continuous distribution of global climate diversity and identified key areas for climate diversity (KAs) as the top 30% of values, consistent with the Target of Kunming‐Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. We found that only 10.26% of these KAs are protected globally. These KAs exhibit considerable overlap with global mountainous regions, with conservation coverage varying widely (1.35%–49.32%). Among biomes, tropical moist forests within KAs show the highest climate diversity and the largest area proportion, yet only 9.64% are protected. In contrast, tropical coniferous forests have the lowest protection (4.07%). Notably, mountainous developing countries, despite harboring high climate diversity, have limited conservation capacity and significant conservation gaps. Our results characterize the global conservation status of KAs, providing a novel perspective for formulating targeted strategies to strengthen global PA networks.","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147739561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mariano Cabanillas-Torpoco, Kerstin Forsberg, Nicholas K. Dulvy, Vinni Santos Thykjaer, Patricia Charvet
{"title":"The Forgotten International Trade of Sawfish Rostral Teeth in Latin America","authors":"Mariano Cabanillas-Torpoco, Kerstin Forsberg, Nicholas K. Dulvy, Vinni Santos Thykjaer, Patricia Charvet","doi":"10.1111/con4.70053","DOIUrl":"10.1111/con4.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<p>All sawfish species are critically endangered with overfishing and retention of highly valued fins, meat, rostra, and rostral teeth as the main threats. The illegal international trade in rostral teeth for use as cockfighting spurs remains poorly known and continues in South America, despite prohibitions of animal origin spurs by most cockfighting associations. Interviews with cockfighting association leaders from four Latin American countries and with Peruvian cockfighting practitioners (<i>galleros</i>) between 2016 and 2022 indicated that spur prices have varied over time and location, ranging from US$25 to 400 per pair, making them among the most valued wildlife trade products (per gram) in the world. Interviewees identified Peru, Ecuador, Brazil, Costa Rica, Panama, and Colombia as source countries for rostral teeth used in cockfighting. We recommend CITES engage in detection and enforcement strategies to curb this hidden illegal sawfish commercialization in the most valuable wildlife trade of the most threatened marine fish family.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/con4.70053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147739562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charlotte Rigolot, Krishna Pavan Komanduri, Adam Smart, Kaya Klop-Toker, Maxime Marini, Darren Southwell, Andrea S. Griffin, Chad Beranek, Stephen Bell, Natalie E. Calatayud, Alex Callen, Lachlan Campbell, John Clulow, Finella Dawlings, John Gould, Ashton Goronga, Matt W. Hayward, Anne Ibbotson, Colin McHenry, Caitlin Potts, Amy Stephens, Michelle Stockwell, Rose Upton, Ryan R. Witt, Brooke A. Williams
{"title":"Avoid Sacrificing Nature to Truly Achieve Net Zero","authors":"Charlotte Rigolot, Krishna Pavan Komanduri, Adam Smart, Kaya Klop-Toker, Maxime Marini, Darren Southwell, Andrea S. Griffin, Chad Beranek, Stephen Bell, Natalie E. Calatayud, Alex Callen, Lachlan Campbell, John Clulow, Finella Dawlings, John Gould, Ashton Goronga, Matt W. Hayward, Anne Ibbotson, Colin McHenry, Caitlin Potts, Amy Stephens, Michelle Stockwell, Rose Upton, Ryan R. Witt, Brooke A. Williams","doi":"10.1111/con4.70046","DOIUrl":"10.1111/con4.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Governments globally have committed to Nature Positive, measurable gains in ecosystem health, and Net Zero, a balance where greenhouse gas emissions are equal to the emissions removed from the atmosphere, thereby addressing the interconnected crises of biodiversity loss and climate change. However, the pathways through which governments are choosing to achieve these goals are increasingly placing climate objectives and biodiversity conservation at odds. While the renewable energy transition is necessary for mitigating climate change and benefits biodiversity indirectly by doing so, these benefits have the potential to be in part offset by the direct impact of renewable energy's infrastructure itself. Here, we use Australia's recent environmental law reforms, which may allow renewable energy projects to be prioritized over biodiversity conservation, as a “lesson learned” for nations grappling with how to reconcile rapid renewable energy deployment with biodiversity integrity. We explore case studies where Net Zero does not compromise Nature Positive initiatives, and propose five key principles that must be adhered to truly achieve Net Zero: (i) plan early and strategically; (ii) adhere to the mitigation hierarchy; (iii) design for biodiversity and monitor adaptively; (iv) engage communities and custodians; and (v) align finance and policy with ecological performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/con4.70046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
HyeJin Kim, Balint Czúcz, Patricia Balvanera, Simon Ferrier, Michael J. Gill, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Jillian Campbell, Rebecca Chaplin-Kramer, Matthew Child, Gary N. Geller, Henrique M. Pereira, Laetitia M. Navarro
{"title":"From Data to Decision: Leveraging Essential Variables in Standardizing Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Monitoring and Reporting","authors":"HyeJin Kim, Balint Czúcz, Patricia Balvanera, Simon Ferrier, Michael J. Gill, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Jillian Campbell, Rebecca Chaplin-Kramer, Matthew Child, Gary N. Geller, Henrique M. Pereira, Laetitia M. Navarro","doi":"10.1111/con4.70042","DOIUrl":"10.1111/con4.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fragmented systems for monitoring and assessing biodiversity and ecosystem services limit the ability to track progress at local and national scales in international multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs). This greatly challenges coordinated actions to meet agreed-upon global commitments. Filling this gap requires integrated and concerted design of data-to-decision workflows. The Essential Biodiversity Variables (EBVs) and Essential Ecosystem Service Variables (EESVs) are tools that can coordinate structured and consistent monitoring, generate harmonized and scalable data products, and facilitate reporting that is useful for multiple purposes. Specifically, EBV/EESV data products are intended to synthesize information to serve the needs of the Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF), the System of Environmental-Economic Accounts Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA-EA), and assessments of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) while also informing regional, national, and sub-national conservation policy. This integrative approach works if local data collection is designed to be interoperable, and it is fundamental to improve models, forecasts, and indicators required in key policy and decision processes. Through application cases, we demonstrate the use of EBVs and EESVs in national assessments and scenario analyses for strategic policy and spatial planning with scalable and repeatable workflows from primary data to indicators for decision support.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/con4.70042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}