Conservation Letters最新文献

{"title":"An Updated DNA Barcoding Tool for Aloe Vera and Related CITES-Regulated Species","authors":"Yannick Woudstra,&nbsp;Paul Rees,&nbsp;Solofo E. Rakotoarisoa,&nbsp;Nina Rønsted,&nbsp;Caroline Howard,&nbsp;Olwen M. Grace","doi":"10.1111/conl.13127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.13127","url":null,"abstract":"<p>DNA barcoding has revolutionized the identification of illegally traded material of endangered species as it overcomes the lack of resolution encountered with morphological identification. Nonetheless, in recently evolved and highly diverse clades, such as the relatives of <i>Aloe vera</i>, the lack of interspecific sequence variation in standardized markers compromises the barcoding efficacy. We present a new DNA barcoding tool using 189 nuclear markers, optimized for aloes (Asphodelaceae, Alooideae). We built a comprehensive sequence reference dataset from taxonomically verified sources for &gt;300 species and validated its reliability for identification using phylogenomic inference. Seven anonymized samples from verified botanical collections and ten plants seized at London Heathrow Airport were correctly identified to species level, including a critically endangered species from Madagascar. Commercially purchased samples were confirmed to be the species as advertised. An accurate, reliable DNA barcoding method for aloe identification introduces new assurance to regulatory processes for endangered plants in trade.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Underrated Links Mitigate the Fragmentation-Induced Mutualism Breakdown in a Large-Fruited Species","authors":"Chen Zhu,&nbsp;Minghao Sun,&nbsp;Ahimsa Campos-Arceiz,&nbsp;Wande Li,&nbsp;Di Zeng,&nbsp;Yao Shen,&nbsp;Guoqingzi Chen,&nbsp;Hongjun Xie,&nbsp;Ping Ding,&nbsp;Xingfeng Si","doi":"10.1111/conl.13126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.13126","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Seed dispersal is threatened in fragmented landscapes by the loss of frugivores, significantly undermining the persistence of large-fruited plant species that rely on large-bodied animals. However, we lack a quantitative understanding of the roles of small-bodied frugivores in seed dispersal through fruit transportation. In an insular fragmented landscape formed by dam construction in 1959, we employed camera traps to document frugivory of a large-fruited plant species (<i>Diospyros kaki</i>) by camera trapping at both ground and arboreal levels. Our results reveal that reduced habitat size led to mutualism breakdown of seed dispersal of <i>D. kaki</i> mediated by large-bodied mammalian frugivores compared to the nearby mainland sites. However, underrated links involving fruit transportation by small-bodied frugivores, often present yet overlooked dispersal processes, may help mitigate these interaction losses. These findings highlight the importance of preserving large, continuous habitats and underrated mutualistic links in sustaining seed dispersal of large-fruited plants in fragmented landscapes.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Political Will Has Been Critical for Protecting Forests in the Brazilian Amazon and Indonesia","authors":"Joss Lyons-White,&nbsp;Matthew Spencer,&nbsp;Joko Arif,&nbsp;Andrew Balmford,&nbsp;Jos Barlow,&nbsp;Joyce Brandão,&nbsp;Jan Börner,&nbsp;Gilberto Camara,&nbsp;Adelina Chandra,&nbsp;David Cleary,&nbsp;Marcus Colchester,&nbsp;Arya Hadi Dharmawan,&nbsp;Andini Desita Ekaputri,&nbsp;Janina Grabs,&nbsp;Susanna Hecht,&nbsp;Nassat Idris,&nbsp;Lila Juniyanti,&nbsp;Shashi Kumaran,&nbsp;Felicia P. S. Lasmana,&nbsp;Marcia N. Macedo,&nbsp;Toby McGrath,&nbsp; Nawawi,&nbsp;Ruth Nussbaum,&nbsp;Marcela Paranhos,&nbsp;Edward Pollard,&nbsp;Roberto Porro,&nbsp;Julio Cesar dos Reis,&nbsp;Richard Eilers Smith,&nbsp;Matthew J. Struebig,&nbsp;Edgar C. Turner,&nbsp;Pratiwi Utamiputri,&nbsp;Judson F. Valentim,&nbsp;Rachael D. Garrett","doi":"10.1111/conl.13120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.13120","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Deforestation remains a prominent contributor to climate change and biodiversity loss. Yet while 76 million hectares of primary tropical forest have been lost since 2000, two thirds of tropical forests remain. What factors have been most important for protecting these forests? Unlike policies, which often have clearly defined spatial and temporal boundaries, the roles played by dynamic underlying political and economic structures, and their interactions with policies and emergent factors, can be challenging to identify. Expert knowledge can bridge this gap by revealing the full range of factors needed to achieve forest protection. Here, we conducted a Delphi study with 36 experts, focusing on the Brazilian Amazon and Indonesia. Our results highlight the importance of political will, civil society advocacy, and intergovernmental diplomacy, and shifts in the importance of different factors over time. These findings illuminate the interactions between international and national structures and policies in generating the conditions for forest protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144681389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deeply Political and Populist Decisions on Large Carnivores in Europe in Recent Times","authors":"Miroslav Kutal,&nbsp;Martin Duľa,&nbsp;Michal Haring,&nbsp;José Vicente López-Bao","doi":"10.1111/conl.13125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.13125","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;In recent years, debates around downgrading the protection of large carnivores, such as wolves (&lt;i&gt;Canis lupus&lt;/i&gt;) or bears (&lt;i&gt;Ursus arctos&lt;/i&gt;), have become deeply political, especially in areas where these species are recovering in mainland Europe and North America (Ausband and Mech &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Di Bernardi et al. &lt;span&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;). Various viewpoints on lethal control, either by target or non-target removals or through culling by authorities or public hunting schemes, have particularly exacerbated the polarization around large carnivore conservation and are often riddled with biased arguments (e.g., Chapron and López-Bao &lt;span&gt;2014&lt;/span&gt;; Kutal and Dula &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;; Vucetich and Nelson &lt;span&gt;2014&lt;/span&gt;). Livestock depredation is one of the main opposing factors against sharing the landscape with large carnivores. Despite inconclusive results of the effectiveness of current practices of lethal control to prevent livestock depredations (e.g., Eeden et al. &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;; Grente et al. &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;; Kutal et al. &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;), killing large carnivores is still often perceived as an effective strategy to reduce the impact of these species on livestock (Linnell et al. &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;). Lethal control is increasingly proposed as a solution by populist, center-right politicians, as seen recently across Europe (Carter and Guillot &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The last decision by the Standing Committee of the Bern Convention (European Commission &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;) to downlist wolves from a “strictly protected” (Appendix II of the Bern Convention) to a “protected” (Appendix III of the Bern Convention) species, proposed by the European Commission, was entirely political and not based on scientific evidence. Even the Large Carnivore Initiative of Europe, a specialist group of IUCN's Species Survival Commission, considered the decision as “pre-mature and faulty” (LCIE &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;). However, the European Commission argued in its press release that the proposal is based on “in-depth analysis on the status of the wolf in the EU” (European Commission &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;) and stressed that “the concentration of wolf packs in some European regions has become a real danger for livestock and potentially also for humans.” The Commission urged local and national authorities to “take action where necessary” (European Commission &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;), quoting the President of the European Commission from the center-right European Peoples Party.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The reasoning used by the European Commission is misleading. First, the “in-depth analysis” (Blanco and Sundseth &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;) did not actually recommend downgrading the protection status of wolves. Second, the previous study commissioned by the European Parliament on the impact of large carnivores on farmers and their livelihood (Linnell and Cretois &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;) did not provide the support for this outcome either. The current decision goes against their own recommendations from","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex Measures of Habitat Fragmentation and Edge Can Complicate Biodiversity Conservation","authors":"Amanda E. Martin,&nbsp;Carmen Galán-Acedo,&nbsp;Víctor Arroyo-Rodríguez,&nbsp;Lindsay Daly,&nbsp;Simon G. English,&nbsp;Andrew K. Habrich,&nbsp;Aino Hämäläinen,&nbsp;Federico Riva,&nbsp;Lenore Fahrig","doi":"10.1111/conl.13101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.13101","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding habitat fragmentation effects on wildlife is critical to promoting effective conservation practices. There are many metrics of habitat fragmentation, from simple (number of habitat patches) to complex metrics designed to summarize many aspects of landscape patterns. To make meaningful inferences, we must understand how complex metrics are related to landscape patterns, especially to habitat amount. Here, we examine the behavior of the Edge Influence index, a metric that has been used in several influential recent studies and is designed to assess fragmentation and edge effects. Contrary to expectation, this index does not primarily quantify fragmentation or edge but rather habitat amount. Therefore, researchers should take this into consideration when interpreting the results of studies based on the Edge Influence index. To guide meaningful conservation action in fragmented landscapes, we recommend using simple, direct measures of fragmentation and separating the effects of habitat configuration from the effects of habitat amount.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144624378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taking Action to Avoid Extinction: Successful Regional-Scale Lethal Control of Barred Owls Supports a Federal Strategy to Save Spotted Owls","authors":"Brendan K. Hobart,&nbsp;Daniel F. Hofstadter,&nbsp;J. Mark Higley,&nbsp;Keith A. Hamm,&nbsp;Brian P. Dotters,&nbsp;Kevin N. Roberts,&nbsp;Renée L. Cormier,&nbsp;Alan B. Franklin,&nbsp;William J. Berigan,&nbsp;John J. Keane,&nbsp;William W. Merkle,&nbsp;David T. Press,&nbsp;M. Zachariah Peery","doi":"10.1111/conl.13121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.13121","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Invasive species disrupt biological communities, but lethal control of invaders often meets staunch resistance, posing a conundrum for policymakers. For instance, the human-mediated spread of barred owls from eastern to western North America threatens numerous native species—including the iconic and listed spotted owl—spurring intense debate about whether to lethally control this charismatic but invasive species. A recent US Fish and Wildlife Service strategy, in particular, has drawn strong criticism based on untested claims that barred owl control is unscalable and doomed to failure. Contrary to such claims, we conducted successful lethal controls across &gt;50,000 km² in California, removing 3373 barred owls—around one third of the state's current population. Critically, monitoring revealed that removals stabilized spotted owl populations and halted the establishment of barred owls. Our work provides direct support for the federal strategy to address this pressing issue and highlights general strategies to maximize conservation while minimizing invader killing.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13121","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shifting Baselines in North America's Longest Running Butterfly Monitoring Program","authors":"Christopher A. Halsch,&nbsp;Matthew L. Forister,&nbsp;Arthur M. Shapiro,&nbsp;Eliza M. Grames","doi":"10.1111/conl.13116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.13116","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Eroding perceptions of biodiversity present a significant challenge for conservation. If younger generations see current degraded states as “natural,” goals for conservation actions may not be ambitious enough, and public support may be compromised. Historical data can provide context for fully appreciating the extent of biodiversity loss. We utilize the most species-rich day of each year in North America's longest running butterfly monitoring program's most diverse site to examine how perceptions of peak butterfly richness could shift over time. In early monitoring years, days with over 50 observed species were standard, but now peak richness days have shifted over time, such that these days now see ten fewer species. High-diversity days shape perceptions of biodiversity, and we provide an example of how long-term monitoring data can be utilized to study shifting baselines in observer perceptions of biodiversity and to contextualize current observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International Perspectives on the Acceptability of Rangers Shooting at Suspected Criminals Inside Protected and Conserved Areas in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Lovemore Sibanda,&nbsp;Salum Kulunge,&nbsp;Betty Rono,&nbsp;David Kimaili,&nbsp;Yolanda Mutinhima,&nbsp;Lessah Mandoloma,&nbsp;Steiner Sompeta,&nbsp;Gasto Lyakurwa,&nbsp;Amy Dickman,&nbsp;Shorna Allred,&nbsp;Jessica Tacey,&nbsp;Emily Madsen,&nbsp;Trisha Bhujle,&nbsp;Darragh Hare","doi":"10.1111/conl.13112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.13112","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Using military-type strategies and equipment to conserve wildlife, also known as militarized conservation, is highly contested. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), one acutely controversial aspect of militarized conservation is when armed rangers shoot at suspected criminals inside protected and conserved areas (PCAs). We quantified perceptions among members of eight international publics on the acceptability of this particularly contentious aspect of militarized conservation, testing whether acceptability depended on the specific crime rangers suspect people of committing. Overall, acceptability of rangers shooting at suspected criminals inside PCAs in SSA was low across all eight publics, but acceptability was generally higher among participants living further away from PCAs in SSA than those living closer to PCAs in SSA. Shooting in self-defense and to prevent poaching were consistently most acceptable across all eight publics. Our findings contribute new comparative evidence about international public perceptions of a very sensitive aspect of PCA management in SSA. This evidence may be useful to decision-makers balancing competing pressures to protect biodiversity, respect local values, and operate with legitimacy in an international context. Our findings are especially relevant in light of international aspirations to simultaneously increase PCAs while respecting the rights and interests of people living in high-biodiversity areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating an Eco-Evolutionary Perspective for Coral Reef Resistance Into Global Conservation Planning and Policy","authors":"L. I. Howe-Kerr,&nbsp;K. M. Quigley","doi":"10.1111/conl.13108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.13108","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Global responses to climate change vary across ecosystems. Identifying coral reefs that can persist despite extreme warming is crucial for guiding research, policy, and management. Resilience frameworks recommend protecting potential reef sanctuaries with specific attributes, including climate avoidance, rapid recovery, or resistance. However, climate-avoidant reefs are dwindling, and recovery times are lengthening. We propose that resistance should be the cornerstone of reef resilience planning. A literature synthesis reveals that the definition and application of “reef resistance” are highly variable, limiting its effectiveness in management and policy. Over 85% of sources suggest that evolutionary processes contribute to resistance, but there is considerable variability in other cited ecological factors. We highlight a mismatch between implied mechanisms and actual data, with only ∼25% of studies linking resistance to relevant coral adaptation or acclimatization data. To address this, we propose a standardized definition of heat-resistant reefs based on adaptation and acclimatization principles: reefs characterized by corals whose underlying genetics enable survival beyond previous thermal limits. This approach will enhance the effective allocation of limited resources for measuring, protecting, and managing reefs, as we strive to halt the human-induced emissions driving their decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthetically Assisted Conservation and the Application of Emerging Biological Technologies for the Protection of Biodiversity","authors":"Jedediah F. Brodie,&nbsp;Amanda Emmel,&nbsp;Blake Wiedenheft,&nbsp;Ronald L. Sandler,&nbsp;Kent H. Redford,&nbsp;Courtney A. Schultz,&nbsp;Axel Moehrenschlager,&nbsp;Melanie Mark-Shadbolt,&nbsp;W. Sebastian Kamau,&nbsp;Jennifer E. Helm,&nbsp;William A. C. Gendron,&nbsp;Summer L. Dunn,&nbsp;Michael K. Schwartz","doi":"10.1111/conl.13114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.13114","url":null,"abstract":"<p>New tools of synthetic biology that enable precise manipulation of genomes, metabolic pathways, and ecosystems present new opportunities, risks, ethical dilemmas, and responsibilities for stewards of biodiversity. We argue that the risks and benefits of synthetic biology for use in biodiversity conservation, which we term “synthetically assisted conservation,” can be better understood, evaluated, and regulated by precisely defining the techniques in relation to well-established and regulated conservation frameworks: conservation translocation and integrated pest management. Synthetically assisted conservation translocation could include the release of genetically modified organisms for in situ conservation of genes or restoration of ecological functions, while a synthetically assisted application of integrated pest management could involve using genetic modifications propagated through gene drives to remove invasive species. Contextualizing the range of techniques as expansions of these frameworks clarifies how new approaches may impact conservation, facilitating risk assessment and responsible implementation. Decision-making may be informed by existing policy guidance in accordance with national and international regulations on conservation translocation and integrated pest management. Nevertheless, additional policy and evaluative guidelines are needed to keep pace with rapid technological growth and novel issues such as the release of genes (e.g., in pollen or marine-dispersed gametes) separate from live organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}